Ga2Y: enthalpy of formation

11 accepted literature formation-enthalpy value(s) (experimental 8, model 3); experimental median -68.7 kJ/mol-atom (n = 8); Materials Project -64.044 kJ/mol-atom (mp-aaaaacvq); OQMD -63.776 kJ/mol-atom (oqmd-30368).

Systems: Ga–Y

Literature values

Enthalpy of formation of Ga2Y reported in the literature (11)
Value	Phase as printed	T (K)	Class	Method	System	Source	Location
-74.6 kJ/mol-atom ± 1.5	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Emf	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Meschel 2000 doi	Table 5, p. 7, row 11 report
-72.1 kJ/mol-atom ± 1.3	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Emf	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Meschel 2000 doi	Table 5, p. 7, row 9 report
-70.9 kJ/mol-atom ± 1.5	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Emf	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Yamshchikov 1979	Table 5, p. 7, row 12 report
-69 kJ/mol-atom	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Ga Soln. Calo	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Merker 1991 doi	Table 5, p. 7, row 8 report
-68.4 kJ/mol-atom ± 1.3	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Emf	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Yamshchikov 1979	Table 5, p. 7, row 10 report
-68.1 kJ/mol-atom ± 2.3	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Dir. Syn. Calo.	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Meschel 2000 doi	Table 5, p. 7, row 7 report
-64.4 kJ/mol-atom ± 2.5	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Ga Soln. Calo	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Babu 2000 doi	Table 5, p. 7, row 6 report
-61.8 kJ/mol-atom ± 2.8	Ga2Y	298.15	experimental	Precipitation Cal.	Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites Babu 2000 doi	Table 5, p. 7, row 2 report
-73.49 kJ/mol-atom	Ga2Y	298.15	model		Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013	Table 5, p. 7, row 4 report
-73.47 kJ/mol-atom	Ga2Y	298.15	model		Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013	Table 5, p. 7, row 3 report
-65 kJ/mol-atom	Ga2Y	298.15	model		Ga–Y	[1] Idbenali 2013 cites de Boer FR 1988	Table 5, p. 7, row 5 report

Uncertainty budget

Components kept separate, in the value's unit (literature SCHEMA.md, UNCERTAINTY_CALIBRATION.md): effective = max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter). The method floor is the robust between-study scatter of the method class in ORCHID (calibrated) or a documented prior; printed values and printed uncertainties are unchanged.

Uncertainty budget of the literature values of Ga2Y
Value	Unit	Printed	Reading	Method (class, basis)	Effective
-74.6	kJ/mol-atom	1.5	0.05	4.6 (emf, cleaned_below_threshold)	4.6
-72.1	kJ/mol-atom	1.3	0.05	4.6 (emf, cleaned_below_threshold)	4.6
-70.9	kJ/mol-atom	1.5	0.05	4.6 (emf, cleaned_below_threshold)	4.6
-69	kJ/mol-atom		0.05	3.2 (solution_reaction_calorimetry, calibrated)	3.2
-68.4	kJ/mol-atom	1.3	0.05	4.6 (emf, cleaned_below_threshold)	4.6
-68.1	kJ/mol-atom	2.3	0.05	3.2 (solution_reaction_calorimetry, calibrated)	3.2
-64.4	kJ/mol-atom	2.5	0.05	3.2 (solution_reaction_calorimetry, calibrated)	3.2
-61.8	kJ/mol-atom	2.8	0.05	3.2 (solution_reaction_calorimetry, calibrated)	3.2
-73.49	kJ/mol-atom		0.005	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-73.47	kJ/mol-atom		0.005	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-65	kJ/mol-atom		0.05	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9

DFT formation energies

Lowest-energy entries at this composition. Materials Project and OQMD use different energy references and are never averaged. 1 eV/atom = 96.485 kJ/mol-atom.

DFT formation energy of Ga2Y
Source	Entry	kJ/mol-atom	eV/atom	Space group	E above hull (kJ/mol-atom)	E above hull (eV/atom)	Theoretical
Materials Project	mp-aaaaacvq	-64.044	-0.663767	P6/mmm	0	0	no
OQMD	oqmd-30368	-63.776	-0.660997	P6/mmm	0	0	no

DFT sources: A. Jain et al., Commentary: The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002. doi:10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501-1509; S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010. doi:10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 (CC BY 4.0);

Sources

M. Idbenali, C. Servant, Thermodynamic evaluation of the Ga–Y system, J Therm Anal Calorim 112, 245-253 (2013). doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2861-x

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Parity: DFT-vs-experiment formation-enthalpy benchmark (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735943
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); G. Kim, S. V. Meschel, P. Nash, W. Chen, Experimental formation enthalpies for intermetallic phases and other inorganic compounds, Scientific Data 4 (2017) 170162, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.162; B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file. Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_dft_benchmark_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Parity: DFT-vs-experiment formation-enthalpy benchmark}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735943},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735943},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}