Mn3O4: enthalpy of formation

37 accepted literature formation-enthalpy value(s) (experimental 19, model 14, unspecified 4); experimental median -196.78 kJ/mol-atom (n = 19); Materials Project -197.834 kJ/mol-atom (mp-aaaabbtn); OQMD -200.053 kJ/mol-atom (oqmd-5975).

Systems: Mn–O

Literature values

Enthalpy of formation of Mn3O4 reported in the literature (37)
Value	Phase as printed	T (K)	Class	Method	System	Source	Location
-206.35 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Roth 1929 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 15 report
-206.35 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Roth 1929 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 60 report
-201.266 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Siemonsen 1939	Table 11, p. 16, row 16 report
-201.266 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Siemonsen 1939	Table 11, p. 16, row 61 report
-201.206 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Ulich 1940 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 17 report
-201.206 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Ulich 1940 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 62 report
-198.364 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	experimental	solution	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Shomate 1943 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 18 report
-198.364 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental	solution	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Shomate 1943 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 63 report
-196.78 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Ruff 1913 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 59 report
-196.78 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Ruff 1913 doi	Table 11, p. 16, row 14 report
-196.181 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Le 1896	Table 11, p. 16, row 58 report
-196.181 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	experimental	combustion	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Le 1896	Table 11, p. 16, row 13 report
196.181 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Le 1896	Table 1, p. 5, row 1 report
196.78 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Ruff 1913 doi	Table 1, p. 5, row 2 report
198.156 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Mah 1960	Table 1, p. 5, row 7 report
198.216 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Robie 1968	Table 1, p. 5, row 8 report
198.364 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Shomate 1943 doi	Table 1, p. 5, row 6 report
201.266 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Siemonsen 1939	Table 1, p. 5, row 4 report
206.35 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	experimental		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Roth 1929 doi	Table 1, p. 5, row 3 report
-198.397 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Pankratz 1982	Table 11, p. 16, row 21 report
-198.397 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Pankratz 1982	Table 11, p. 16, row 66 report
-198.216 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Robie 1968	Table 11, p. 16, row 20 report
-198.216 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Robie 1968	Table 11, p. 16, row 65 report
-198.2 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Kubaschewski 1993	Table 11, p. 16, row 68 report
-198.2 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Kubaschewski 1993	Table 11, p. 16, row 23 report
-198.156 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Mah 1960	Table 11, p. 16, row 19 report
-198.156 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Mah 1960	Table 11, p. 16, row 64 report
-198.014 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Knacke 1991	Table 11, p. 16, row 22 report
-198.014 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003 cites Knacke 1991	Table 11, p. 16, row 67 report
-197.534 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003	Table 11, p. 16, row 69 report
-197.534 kJ/mol-atom	Hausmannite (Mn3O4)	298.15	model	assessed	Mn–O	[1] Grundy 2003	Table 11, p. 16, row 24 report
197.534 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Grundy 2003	Table 1, p. 5, row 12 report
197.914 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	model		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010	Table 1, p. 5, row 13 report
198.014 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	unspecified		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Knacke 2010	Table 1, p. 5, row 10 report
198.2 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	unspecified		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Kubaschewski 1993	Table 1, p. 5, row 11 report
198.397 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	unspecified		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Pankratz 1982	Table 1, p. 5, row 9 report
201.206 kJ/mol-atom	Mn3O4	298.15	unspecified		Mn–O	[2] Kjellqvist 2010 cites Ulich 1940	Table 1, p. 5, row 5 report

Uncertainty budget

Components kept separate, in the value's unit (literature SCHEMA.md, UNCERTAINTY_CALIBRATION.md): effective = max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter). The method floor is the robust between-study scatter of the method class in ORCHID (calibrated) or a documented prior; printed values and printed uncertainties are unchanged.

Uncertainty budget of the literature values of Mn3O4
Value	Unit	Reading	Method (class, basis)	Effective
-206.35	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-206.35	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-201.266	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-201.266	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-201.206	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-201.206	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-198.364	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.2 (solution_reaction_calorimetry, calibrated)	3.2
-198.364	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.2 (solution_reaction_calorimetry, calibrated)	3.2
-196.78	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-196.78	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-196.181	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
-196.181	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	1 (combustion_calorimetry, cleaned_below_threshold)	1
196.181	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
196.78	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
198.156	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
198.216	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
198.364	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
201.266	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
206.35	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
-198.397	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.397	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.216	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.216	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.2	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.2	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.156	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.156	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.014	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-198.014	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-197.534	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
-197.534	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
197.534	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
197.914	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.9 (model_calculated, calibrated)	3.9
198.014	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
198.2	kJ/mol-atom	0.007143	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
198.397	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5
201.206	kJ/mol-atom	7.143e-4	3.5 (unknown, calibrated)	3.5

DFT formation energies

Lowest-energy entries at this composition. Materials Project and OQMD use different energy references and are never averaged. 1 eV/atom = 96.485 kJ/mol-atom.

DFT formation energy of Mn3O4
Source	Entry	kJ/mol-atom	eV/atom	Space group	E above hull (kJ/mol-atom)	E above hull (eV/atom)	Theoretical
Materials Project	mp-aaaabbtn	-197.834	-2.05041	I4_1/amd	0	0	no
OQMD	oqmd-5975	-200.053	-2.07341	I41/amd	0	0	no

DFT sources: A. Jain et al., Commentary: The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002. doi:10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501-1509; S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010. doi:10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 (CC BY 4.0);

Sources

A. Nicholas Grundy, Bengt Hallstedt, Ludwig J. Gauckler, Assessment of the Mn-O system, JPE 24, 21-39 (2003). doi:10.1007/s11669-003-0004-6
Lina Kjellqvist, Malin Selleby, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Fe-Mn-O System, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 31, 113-134 (2010). doi:10.1007/s11669-009-9643-6

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Parity: DFT-vs-experiment formation-enthalpy benchmark (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735943
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); G. Kim, S. V. Meschel, P. Nash, W. Chen, Experimental formation enthalpies for intermetallic phases and other inorganic compounds, Scientific Data 4 (2017) 170162, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.162; B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file. Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_dft_benchmark_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Parity: DFT-vs-experiment formation-enthalpy benchmark}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735943},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735943},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}