{"artifacts":{"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v":{"artifact":"table","caption":"Summary of invariant equilibria in Bi–Ni–X (X = Ag, Cu) systems","label":"V","page":7}},"cite_as":{"also_cite":["the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work)"],"bibtex":"@misc{orchid_literature_2026,\n  author    = {Arr{\\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},\n  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},\n  version   = {2026.10},\n  publisher = {Zenodo},\n  year      = {2026},\n  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},\n  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},\n  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}\n}","dataset":"literature","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23735569","license":"CC-BY-4.0","part_of":{"bibtex":"@misc{orchid_data_2026,\n  author    = {Arr{\\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},\n  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},\n  version   = {2026.10},\n  publisher = {Zenodo},\n  year      = {2026},\n  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},\n  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},\n  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}\n}","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23736065","text":"R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065","title":"ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065"},"release_tag":"v2026.10","status":"Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.","text":"R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569","title":"ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569","version":"2026.10"},"contexts":{},"elements":["BI","CU","NI"],"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (ORCHID data; quotes are short excerpts kept for verification, the publishers' copyright, not relicensed)","models":{"M2f67f383":{"catalog_entry":{"license":"CC BY 4.0","name":"BiNi-16Liu.tdb","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833","tier":"bundled"},"link_basis":"reporting_paper_own_model","model_citation":"J. Electron. Mater., 45, 1041-56(2016).","model_doi":"10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","reproduced_by_calculation":false,"tdb":"BiNi-16Liu.tdb","tdb_path":"databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-16Liu.tdb","tdb_sha256":"dcdf56b33716ef70032f39839e0bc53b5f87757c926ba6bda7540c1b3836cc47"}},"note":"records[].locator.ref -> artifacts; records[].model -> models (full records: orchid-literature.jsonl.gz)","papers":{"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9":{"authors":["Yuling Liu","Shuhong Liu","Cong Zhang","Xingxu Lu","Chong Chen","Yong Du","Dragana Živković"],"citation":"Yuling Liu, Shuhong Liu, Cong Zhang, Xingxu Lu, Chong Chen, Yong Du et al., Thermodynamic Assessment of the Bi–Ni and Bi–Ni–X (X = Ag, Cu) Systems, Journal of Elec Materi 45, 1041-1056 (2016).","container":"Journal of Elec Materi","doi":"10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","kind":"corpus_paper","metadata_source":"crossref","pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","roles":["reporting_paper"],"source_kinds":["journal_article"],"title":"Thermodynamic Assessment of the Bi–Ni and Bi–Ni–X (X = Ag, Cu) Systems","year":2016},"doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004":{"citation":"B. Marković, D. Živković, J. Vřešt’ál, D. Manasijević, D. Minić, N. Talijan, J. Stajić-Trošić, R. Todorović, and R. Todorović, Calphad 34, 294 (2010).","doi":"10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","id":"doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","kind":"cited_work","metadata_source":"printed_reference","roles":["cited_source"],"source_kinds":["cited_work"]},"doi:10.1557/jmr.2009.0302":{"authors":["Feng Gao","Cuiping Wang","X.J. Liu","Yoshikazu Takaku","I. Ohnuma","Kiyohito Ishida"],"citation":"Feng Gao, Cuiping Wang, X.J. Liu, Yoshikazu Takaku, I. Ohnuma, Kiyohito Ishida, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation in the Ag–Bi–Ni and Cu–Bi–Ni systems, J. Mater. Res. 24, 2644-2653 (2009).","container":"J. Mater. Res.","doi":"10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","id":"doi:10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","kind":"cited_work","metadata_source":"crossref","roles":["cited_source"],"source_kinds":["cited_work"],"title":"Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation in the Ag–Bi–Ni and Cu–Bi–Ni systems","year":2009}},"part":1,"parts":1,"records":[{"chemical_system":"BI-CU-NI","cited_sources":[{"doi":"10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","first_author":"Gao","kind":"unknown","label":"12","paper":"doi:10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","reference":"F. Gao, C. Wang, X. Liu, Y. Takaku, I. Ohnuma, and K. Ishida, J. Mater. Res. 24, 2644 (2009).","status":"resolved","year":"2009"}],"conditions":{"kind":"cited_source","note":"conditions in the cited source"},"corrections":[{"after":"BI-CU-NI","before":"BI-NI","evidence":{"seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)"},"field":"system","gate":"G4","rule":"system_read_from_page","visual_check":{"checked":"2026-10-24","image_sha256":"071278e78ecbe21b026570a0674783900c85e789592ae122c6c52824ccf62143","page":7,"pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)","verdict":"higher_order"}}],"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":true,"review_state":"extracted","row_state":"settled","state_fully_specified":false,"system_reassigned":true},"fold_lpo":2,"fold_lso":1,"id":"ORC-3YKF3LNJQV","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v","row":7},"model_unlinked_reason":"cited calculation whose model is not a corpus TDB","observation_type":"invariant_reaction","origin":{"basis":"printed_source_other_calculation","class":"model_value","own_work_of_paper":false},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","phase_compositions":[{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.896,"NI":0.037},"composition_source":"printed","phase":"L"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.5,"NI":0.5},"composition_source":"formula_nominal","phase":"BiNi"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.75,"NI":0.25},"composition_source":"stoichiometric_model_phase","phase":"Bi3Ni"}],"phases":[{"label":"L","model_phase":"LIQUID"},{"label":"BiNi","model_phase":"BINI_B81","pearson_symbol":"hP4","prototype":"NiAs","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"Bi3Ni","model_phase":"BI3NI","pearson_symbol":"oP16","prototype":"Bi3Ni","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"fcc(Cu,Ni)","model_phase":"FCC_A1","pearson_symbol":"cF4","prototype":"Cu","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"}],"pid":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v/r07#invariant_reaction","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","reaction":{"printed":"Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu,Ni)"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash+claude","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash","text_layer"],"record_kind":"invariant_table","source_system":"BI-CU-NI","system":"BI-CU-NI","system_stored":"BI-NI","temperature_K":701.9,"temperature_printed":"701.9","temperature_uncertainty":{"basis":"stated_default","value":2.0},"tool_release":"v2.1.19n","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"composition":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":0.005,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[0.004448,0.004448],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/X_PHASE","floor":0.005,"floor_unit":"mole fraction","n_pairs":16730,"value":0.005},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_stored_digit","value":0.0005},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"mole fraction","value_type":"X_PHASE"},"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":701.9},{"chemical_system":"BI-CU-NI","cited_sources":[{"doi":"10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","first_author":"Markovic","kind":"assessment","label":"13","paper":"doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","reference":"B. Marković, D. Živković, J. Vřešt’ál, D. Manasijević, D. Minić, N. Talijan, J. Stajić-Trošić, R. Todorović, and R. Todorović, Calphad 34, 294 (2010).","status":"resolved","year":"2010"}],"conditions":{"kind":"cited_source","note":"conditions in the cited source"},"corrections":[{"after":"BI-CU-NI","before":"BI-NI","evidence":{"seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)"},"field":"system","gate":"G4","rule":"system_read_from_page","visual_check":{"checked":"2026-10-24","image_sha256":"071278e78ecbe21b026570a0674783900c85e789592ae122c6c52824ccf62143","page":7,"pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)","verdict":"higher_order"}}],"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":true,"review_state":"extracted","row_state":"settled","state_fully_specified":false,"system_reassigned":true},"fold_lpo":2,"fold_lso":1,"id":"ORC-2QCE3D7TTF","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v","row":8},"model_unlinked_reason":"cited calculation whose model is not a corpus TDB","observation_type":"invariant_reaction","origin":{"basis":"printed_source_other_calculation","class":"model_value","own_work_of_paper":false},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","phase_compositions":[{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.891,"NI":0.084},"composition_source":"printed","phase":"L"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.5,"NI":0.5},"composition_source":"formula_nominal","phase":"BiNi"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.75,"NI":0.25},"composition_source":"stoichiometric_model_phase","phase":"Bi3Ni"}],"phases":[{"label":"L","model_phase":"LIQUID"},{"label":"BiNi","model_phase":"BINI_B81","pearson_symbol":"hP4","prototype":"NiAs","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"Bi3Ni","model_phase":"BI3NI","pearson_symbol":"oP16","prototype":"Bi3Ni","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"fcc(Cu,Ni)","model_phase":"FCC_A1","pearson_symbol":"cF4","prototype":"Cu","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"}],"pid":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v/r08#invariant_reaction","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","reaction":{"printed":"Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu,Ni)"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash+claude","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash","text_layer"],"record_kind":"invariant_table","source_system":"BI-CU-NI","system":"BI-CU-NI","system_stored":"BI-NI","temperature_K":703.7,"temperature_printed":"703.7","temperature_uncertainty":{"basis":"stated_default","value":2.0},"tool_release":"v2.1.19n","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"composition":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":0.005,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[0.004448,0.004448],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/X_PHASE","floor":0.005,"floor_unit":"mole fraction","n_pairs":16730,"value":0.005},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_stored_digit","value":0.0005},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"mole fraction","value_type":"X_PHASE"},"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":703.7},{"chemical_system":"BI-CU-NI","conditions":{"kind":"not_applicable_own_calculation"},"corrections":[{"after":"BI-CU-NI","before":"BI-NI","evidence":{"seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)"},"field":"system","gate":"G4","rule":"system_read_from_page","visual_check":{"checked":"2026-10-24","image_sha256":"071278e78ecbe21b026570a0674783900c85e789592ae122c6c52824ccf62143","page":7,"pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)","verdict":"higher_order"}}],"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":true,"review_state":"extracted","row_state":"settled","state_fully_specified":false,"system_reassigned":true},"fold_lpo":2,"fold_lso":1,"id":"ORC-MMRY2GARXQ","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v","row":9},"model":"M2f67f383","observation_type":"invariant_reaction","origin":{"basis":"this_work+paper_text_states_calculated","class":"model_value","measured_in":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","own_work_of_paper":true},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","phase_compositions":[{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.9148,"NI":0.0662},"composition_source":"printed","phase":"L"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.5,"NI":0.5},"composition_source":"formula_nominal","phase":"BiNi"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.75,"NI":0.25},"composition_source":"stoichiometric_model_phase","phase":"Bi3Ni"}],"phases":[{"label":"L","model_phase":"LIQUID"},{"label":"BiNi","model_phase":"BINI_B81","pearson_symbol":"hP4","prototype":"NiAs","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"Bi3Ni","model_phase":"BI3NI","pearson_symbol":"oP16","prototype":"Bi3Ni","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"fcc(Cu,Ni)","model_phase":"FCC_A1","pearson_symbol":"cF4","prototype":"Cu","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"}],"pid":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v/r09#invariant_reaction","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","reaction":{"printed":"Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu,Ni)"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash+claude","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash","text_layer"],"record_kind":"invariant_table","source_system":"BI-CU-NI","system":"BI-CU-NI","system_stored":"BI-NI","temperature_K":698.31,"temperature_printed":"698.31","temperature_uncertainty":{"basis":"stated_default","value":2.0},"tool_release":"v2.1.19n","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"composition":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":0.005,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[0.004448,0.004448],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/X_PHASE","floor":0.005,"floor_unit":"mole fraction","n_pairs":16730,"value":0.005},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_stored_digit","value":5e-05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"mole fraction","value_type":"X_PHASE"},"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.005},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":698.31},{"chemical_system":"BI-CU-NI","cited_sources":[{"doi":"10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","first_author":"Gao","kind":"unknown","label":"12","paper":"doi:10.1557/jmr.2009.0302","reference":"F. Gao, C. Wang, X. Liu, Y. Takaku, I. Ohnuma, and K. Ishida, J. Mater. Res. 24, 2644 (2009).","status":"resolved","year":"2009"}],"conditions":{"kind":"cited_source","note":"conditions in the cited source"},"corrections":[{"after":"BI-CU-NI","before":"BI-NI","evidence":{"seen":"Table V (Bi-Ni-X, X=Ag,Cu), System Bi-Ni-Cu: 'Liquid <-> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu)' 542.3 K, liquid Bi 98.9 Ni 0.6 X 0.5 at.%, ref 12 (footnote a: calculated result from the literature). Ternary Bi-Ni-Cu, not binary."},"field":"system","gate":"G4","rule":"system_read_from_page","visual_check":{"checked":"2026-10-23","image_sha256":"62cb0b5e83df881f994e4ff3cee27fb1c1fd3770a8513124e9d96203a51d783b","page":7,"pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","seen":"Table V (Bi-Ni-X, X=Ag,Cu), System Bi-Ni-Cu: 'Liquid <-> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu)' 542.3 K, liquid Bi 98.9 Ni 0.6 X 0.5 at.%, ref 12 (footnote a: calculated result from the literature). Ternary Bi-Ni-Cu, not binary.","verdict":"higher_order"}}],"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":true,"review_state":"extracted","row_state":"settled","state_fully_specified":false,"system_reassigned":true},"fold_lpo":2,"fold_lso":1,"id":"ORC-DREZKFMX32","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v","row":10},"model_unlinked_reason":"cited calculation whose model is not a corpus TDB","observation_type":"invariant_reaction","origin":{"basis":"printed_source_other_calculation","class":"model_value","own_work_of_paper":false},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","phase_compositions":[{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.989,"NI":0.006},"composition_source":"printed","phase":"L"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.75,"NI":0.25},"composition_source":"stoichiometric_model_phase","phase":"Bi3Ni"}],"phases":[{"label":"L","model_phase":"LIQUID"},{"label":"(Bi)"},{"label":"Bi3Ni","model_phase":"BI3NI","pearson_symbol":"oP16","prototype":"Bi3Ni","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"fcc(Cu)","model_phase":"FCC_A1","pearson_symbol":"cF4","prototype":"Cu","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"}],"pid":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v/r10#invariant_reaction","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","reaction":{"printed":"Liquid -> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu)"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash+claude","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash","text_layer"],"record_kind":"invariant_table","source_system":"BI-CU-NI","system":"BI-CU-NI","system_stored":"BI-NI","temperature_K":542.3,"temperature_printed":"542.3","temperature_uncertainty":{"basis":"stated_default","value":2.0},"tool_release":"v2.1.19n","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"composition":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":0.005,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[0.004448,0.004448],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/X_PHASE","floor":0.005,"floor_unit":"mole fraction","n_pairs":16730,"value":0.005},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_stored_digit","value":0.0005},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"mole fraction","value_type":"X_PHASE"},"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":542.3},{"chemical_system":"BI-CU-NI","cited_sources":[{"doi":"10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","first_author":"Markovic","kind":"assessment","label":"13","paper":"doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004","reference":"B. Marković, D. Živković, J. Vřešt’ál, D. Manasijević, D. Minić, N. Talijan, J. Stajić-Trošić, R. Todorović, and R. Todorović, Calphad 34, 294 (2010).","status":"resolved","year":"2010"}],"conditions":{"kind":"cited_source","note":"conditions in the cited source"},"corrections":[{"after":"BI-CU-NI","before":"BI-NI","evidence":{"seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)"},"field":"system","gate":"G4","rule":"system_read_from_page","visual_check":{"checked":"2026-10-24","image_sha256":"071278e78ecbe21b026570a0674783900c85e789592ae122c6c52824ccf62143","page":7,"pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)","verdict":"higher_order"}}],"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":true,"review_state":"extracted","row_state":"settled","state_fully_specified":false,"system_reassigned":true},"fold_lpo":2,"fold_lso":1,"id":"ORC-5VVQQEEMGL","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v","row":11},"model_unlinked_reason":"cited calculation whose model is not a corpus TDB","observation_type":"invariant_reaction","origin":{"basis":"printed_source_other_calculation","class":"model_value","own_work_of_paper":false},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","phase_compositions":[{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.988,"NI":0.008},"composition_source":"printed","phase":"L"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.75,"NI":0.25},"composition_source":"stoichiometric_model_phase","phase":"Bi3Ni"}],"phases":[{"label":"L","model_phase":"LIQUID"},{"label":"(Bi)"},{"label":"Bi3Ni","model_phase":"BI3NI","pearson_symbol":"oP16","prototype":"Bi3Ni","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"fcc(Cu)","model_phase":"FCC_A1","pearson_symbol":"cF4","prototype":"Cu","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"}],"pid":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v/r11#invariant_reaction","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","reaction":{"printed":"Liquid -> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu)"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash+claude","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash","text_layer"],"record_kind":"invariant_table","source_system":"BI-CU-NI","system":"BI-CU-NI","system_stored":"BI-NI","temperature_K":541.9,"temperature_printed":"541.9","temperature_uncertainty":{"basis":"stated_default","value":2.0},"tool_release":"v2.1.19n","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"composition":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":0.005,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[0.004448,0.004448],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/X_PHASE","floor":0.005,"floor_unit":"mole fraction","n_pairs":16730,"value":0.005},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_stored_digit","value":0.0005},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"mole fraction","value_type":"X_PHASE"},"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":541.9},{"chemical_system":"BI-CU-NI","conditions":{"kind":"not_applicable_own_calculation"},"corrections":[{"after":"BI-CU-NI","before":"BI-NI","evidence":{"seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)"},"field":"system","gate":"G4","rule":"system_read_from_page","visual_check":{"checked":"2026-10-24","image_sha256":"071278e78ecbe21b026570a0674783900c85e789592ae122c6c52824ccf62143","page":7,"pdf_sha256_prefix":"efa089306722bbef","seen":"Table V System column: Bi-Ni-Ag rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag) 692.7/683.28; Liquid<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Ag)+(Bi) 534.2/533.90); Bi-Ni-Cu rows (Liquid+BiNi<->Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu,Ni) 701.9/703.7/698.31; Liquid<->(Bi)+Bi3Ni+fcc(Cu) 542.3/541.9/541.9)","verdict":"higher_order"}}],"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":true,"review_state":"extracted","row_state":"settled","state_fully_specified":false,"system_reassigned":true},"fold_lpo":2,"fold_lso":1,"id":"ORC-GNGU37XF6G","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v","row":12},"model":"M2f67f383","observation_type":"invariant_reaction","origin":{"basis":"this_work+paper_text_states_calculated","class":"model_value","measured_in":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","own_work_of_paper":true},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9","phase_compositions":[{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.988,"NI":0.0078},"composition_source":"printed","phase":"L"},{"basis":"mole_fraction (converted from atomic percent)","composition":{"BI":0.75,"NI":0.25},"composition_source":"stoichiometric_model_phase","phase":"Bi3Ni"}],"phases":[{"label":"L","model_phase":"LIQUID"},{"label":"(Bi)"},{"label":"Bi3Ni","model_phase":"BI3NI","pearson_symbol":"oP16","prototype":"Bi3Ni","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"},{"label":"fcc(Cu)","model_phase":"FCC_A1","pearson_symbol":"cF4","prototype":"Cu","structure_basis":"mapped_model_phase"}],"pid":"doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9/p7/tab-v/r12#invariant_reaction","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","reaction":{"printed":"Liquid -> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu)"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash+claude","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash","text_layer"],"record_kind":"invariant_table","source_system":"BI-CU-NI","system":"BI-CU-NI","system_stored":"BI-NI","temperature_K":541.9,"temperature_printed":"541.9","temperature_uncertainty":{"basis":"stated_default","value":2.0},"tool_release":"v2.1.19n","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"composition":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":0.005,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[0.004448,0.004448],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/X_PHASE","floor":0.005,"floor_unit":"mole fraction","n_pairs":16730,"value":0.005},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_stored_digit","value":5e-05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"mole fraction","value_type":"X_PHASE"},"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":541.9}],"release":"orchid-literature 2026-10-23 (record store db-v2.1: invariant/general v2.1.19r, text+context fixup-20261022)","system":"BI-CU-NI"}