{"artifacts":{"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p3/text-04":{"artifact":"text_passage","label":"page 3, passage 4","page":3},"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02":{"artifact":"text_passage","label":"page 5, passage 2","page":5}},"cite_as":{"also_cite":["the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work)"],"bibtex":"@misc{orchid_literature_2026,\n  author    = {Arr{\\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},\n  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},\n  version   = {2026.10},\n  publisher = {Zenodo},\n  year      = {2026},\n  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},\n  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},\n  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}\n}","dataset":"literature","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23735569","license":"CC-BY-4.0","part_of":{"bibtex":"@misc{orchid_data_2026,\n  author    = {Arr{\\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},\n  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},\n  version   = {2026.10},\n  publisher = {Zenodo},\n  year      = {2026},\n  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},\n  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},\n  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}\n}","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.23736065","text":"R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065","title":"ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065"},"release_tag":"v2026.10","status":"Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.","text":"R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569","title":"ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569","version":"2026.10"},"contexts":{"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7":{"context_id":"context:source-doi-10-1007-s11661-013-2038-7","items":[{"applies_to":"annealed samples","extraction_accepted":true,"id":"ORC-A7BPNGI5S7","method":"chemical titration technique","page":1,"quote":"The actual compositions of the annealed samples were analyzed by the chemical titration technique, and the microstructure and phase present/composition were examined by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Dmax-2500 VBX diffractometer and by scanning electron microscopy/electron microprobe analysis (SEM/EPMA) using a JEOLJXA-8230.","second_reader_agrees":true,"type":"measurement"},{"applies_to":"annealed samples","extraction_accepted":true,"id":"ORC-A7BPNGI5S7","instrument":"Dmax-2500 VBX diffractometer","method":"powder X-ray diffraction (XRD)","page":1,"quote":"The actual compositions of the annealed samples were analyzed by the chemical titration technique, and the microstructure and phase present/composition were examined by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Dmax-2500 VBX diffractometer and by scanning electron microscopy/electron microprobe analysis (SEM/EPMA) using a JEOLJXA-8230.","second_reader_agrees":true,"type":"measurement"},{"applies_to":"annealed samples","extraction_accepted":true,"id":"ORC-A7BPNGI5S7","instrument":"JEOLJXA-8230","method":"scanning electron microscopy/electron microprobe analysis (SEM/EPMA)","page":1,"quote":"The actual compositions of the annealed samples were analyzed by the chemical titration technique, and the microstructure and phase present/composition were examined by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Dmax-2500 VBX diffractometer and by scanning electron microscopy/electron microprobe analysis (SEM/EPMA) using a JEOLJXA-8230.","second_reader_agrees":true,"type":"measurement"},{"extraction_accepted":true,"id":"ORC-MZFYVD2R5D","label":"Mg-Nd-Sr ternary alloys","page":1,"quote":"The Mg-Nd-Sr ternary alloys were prepared from the binary master alloys. The weighed samples were wrapped in tantalum foils and then sealed in pure iron tubes under argon atmosphere. The tubes were heated up and held at 1173 K (900  C) for 4 hours for melting and then quenched into ice water. Each tube was turned upside down every 45 minutes to promote a homogeneous composition.","second_reader_agrees":true,"starting_materials":"binary master alloys","synthesis":"The weighed samples were wrapped in tantalum foils and then sealed in pure iron tubes under argon atmosphere. The tubes were heated up and held at 1173 K (900  C) for 4 hours for melting and then quenched into ice water. Each tube was turned upside down every 45 minutes to promote a homogeneous composition.","type":"sample"},{"composition_basis":"at. pct","extraction_accepted":true,"id":"ORC-VB2ZNJCH5Q","label":"Alloy #1","measured_composition":"Mg-2.52 at. pct Nd-3.31 at. pct Sr","page":1,"quote":"Figure 1(a) shows the SEM image of Alloy #1 (Mg-2.52 at. pct Nd-3.31 at. pct Sr) after annealing at 673 K (400  C) for 720 hours while the XRD pattern is given in Figure 1(b).","second_reader_agrees":true,"type":"sample"},{"applies_to":"samples","atmosphere_or_container":"in the tubes","cooling":"water quench","duration":"720 hours","duration_parsed":{"hours":720.0,"printed":"720 hours"},"extraction_accepted":true,"id":"ORC-P4AZBNRJ7B","page":1,"purpose":"heat treatment","quote":"The samples were kept in the tubes for the heat treatment at 673 K (400  C) for 720 hours, followed by a water quench.","second_reader_agrees":true,"temperature":{"T_K":673.0,"converted_in_code":false,"printed":"673 K (400  C)","unit_basis":"printed_with_value","unit_printed":"K","value_printed":673.0},"temperature_printed":"673 K (400  C)","temperature_status":"parsed_from_printed","type":"treatment"},{"cooling":"quenched into ice water","duration":"4 hours","duration_parsed":{"hours":4.0,"printed":"4 hours"},"extraction_accepted":true,"has_dropped_fields":true,"id":"ORC-ZSTTWRETEE","page":1,"purpose":"melting","quote":"The tubes were heated up and held at 1173 K (900  C) for 4 hours for melting and then quenched into ice water.","second_reader_agrees":true,"temperature":{"T_K":1173.0,"converted_in_code":false,"printed":"1173 K (900  C)","unit_basis":"printed_with_value","unit_printed":"K","value_printed":1173.0},"temperature_printed":"1173 K (900  C)","temperature_status":"parsed_from_printed","type":"treatment"}],"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash","readers":["gemini-3.8-flash / exp-context-v2.1-quote","claude-opus-5.5 / exp-context-v2.1-quote (claude broker)"],"section_basis":"own_work_method_cues"}},"elements":["ND","SR"],"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (ORCHID data; quotes are short excerpts kept for verification, the publishers' copyright, not relicensed)","models":{},"note":"records[].locator.ref -> artifacts; records[].model -> models (full records: orchid-literature.jsonl.gz)","papers":{"doi:10.1007/bf02668229":{"citation":"H. Okamoto: Phase Diagrams of Binary Alloys, 1993, pp. 129–32.","doi":"10.1007/bf02668229","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02668229","id":"doi:10.1007/bf02668229","kind":"cited_work","metadata_source":"printed_reference","roles":["cited_source"],"source_kinds":["cited_work"]},"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7":{"authors":["Guanglong Xu","Yuwen Cui","Lijun Zeng","Xiaoma Tao","Libin Liu","Zhanpeng Jin"],"citation":"Guanglong Xu, Yuwen Cui, Lijun Zeng, Xiaoma Tao, Libin Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling for the Mg-Nd-Sr System, Metall Mater Trans A 44, 5634-5641 (2013).","container":"Metall Mater Trans A","doi":"10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","doi_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","id":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","kind":"corpus_paper","metadata_source":"crossref","pdf_sha256_prefix":"a6f2d34fb4fe4fd6","roles":["reporting_paper"],"source_kinds":["journal_article"],"title":"Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Modeling for the Mg-Nd-Sr System","year":2013}},"part":1,"parts":1,"records":[{"chemical_system":"ND-SR","conditions":{"kind":"paper_context","paper":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7"},"evidence_class":"experimental","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","dropped_field_count":1,"espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":false,"gate_failures":["state_phases_missing"],"has_dropped_fields":true,"review_flags":["NOTE_SELF_FLAG"],"review_state":"extracted","second_reader":"done","value_in_quote":true},"fold_lpo":3,"fold_lso":2,"gate_failures":[{"code":"state_phases_missing","detail":"TRANSITION_TEMPERATURE without the phases of its state (not_a_single_phase_transition)","effect":"not_accepted","gate":"R3"}],"id":"ORC-KGC76HHT56","link_rule":"quote verbatim on one page/passage + printed value inside quote","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p3/text-04"},"method":"DSC","method_basis":"printed in the quoted sentence (fix-up 2026-10-22 gate)","observation_type":"phase_transition","origin":{"attribution_note":"no printed citation: the paper's own statement","class":"experimental","measured_in":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","own_work_of_paper":true},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","pid":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p3/text-04/s03#phase_transition","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"TRANSITION_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"phase transition","quote":"The DSC curve in Figure 3(b) confirms that this alloy starts to melt at 860 K (587  C) higher than the melting temperature 839 K (566  C) of Alloy","quote_page":3,"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash"],"record_kind":"running_text","source_system":"ND-SR","system":"ND-SR","temperature_K":860.0,"temperature_printed":"860 K (587  C)","tool_release":"release v2 + tools dev copy record build","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":5.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"cleaned_below_threshold","ci95":[2.096713,58.183787],"class":"thermal_analysis","entry":"value_types/T_TRANSITION/classes/thermal_analysis","floor":5.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":9,"prior_source":"orchid_assumed","value":5.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_TRANSITION"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":860.0},{"chemical_system":"ND-SR","conditions":{"kind":"not_applicable_own_calculation"},"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":false,"gate_failures":["state_phases_missing"],"review_state":"extracted","second_reader":"done","value_in_quote":true},"fold_lpo":3,"fold_lso":2,"gate_failures":[{"code":"state_phases_missing","detail":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE without the phases of its state (reactions_in_quote:0)","effect":"not_accepted","gate":"R3"}],"id":"ORC-UIUFNUCIOP.2d4aae","link_rule":"quote verbatim on one page/passage + printed value inside quote","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02"},"observation_type":"phase_transition","origin":{"attribution_note":"no printed citation: the paper's own statement","class":"model_value","measured_in":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","own_work_of_paper":true},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","pid":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02/s02#phase_transition","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","quote":"The reaction Liq fi DHCP + BCC_A2 is predicted to occur at 1048 K (775  C) rather than 1013 K (740  C) in order to avoid an ''improper'' deep eutectic valley[13] lying extremely close to pure Sr in view of an updated melting temperature of 1050 K (777  C) for Sr.[14]","quote_page":5,"reaction":{"printed":"Liq fi DHCP + BCC_A2","type":"eutectic"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash"],"record_kind":"running_text","source_system":"ND-SR","system":"ND-SR","temperature_K":1048.0,"temperature_printed":"1048 K (775  C)","tool_release":"release v2 + tools dev copy record build","transition_kind":"eutectic","transition_kind_printed":"eutectic","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":1048.0},{"chemical_system":"ND-SR","citations_printed":["14"],"cited_sources":[{"first_author":"SGTE","kind":"assessment","label":"14","reference":"SGTE Database for Pure Elements, Version 4.4, 2001. http://www.crct.polymtl.ca/sgte/Unary.TDB.","status":"resolved","year":"2001"}],"conditions":{"kind":"cited_source","note":"conditions in the cited source"},"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","dropped_field_count":1,"espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":false,"gate_failures":["state_phases_missing"],"has_dropped_fields":true,"review_state":"extracted","second_reader":"done","value_in_quote":true},"fold_lpo":3,"fold_lso":2,"gate_failures":[{"code":"state_phases_missing","detail":"TRANSITION_TEMPERATURE without the phases of its state (not_a_single_phase_transition)","effect":"not_accepted","gate":"R3"}],"id":"ORC-UIUFNUCIOP.3a48cc","link_rule":"quote verbatim on one page/passage + printed value inside quote","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02"},"observation_type":"phase_transition","origin":{"class":"model_value","own_work_of_paper":false},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","pid":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02/s02#phase_transition","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"TRANSITION_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"phase transition","quote":"The reaction Liq fi DHCP + BCC_A2 is predicted to occur at 1048 K (775  C) rather than 1013 K (740  C) in order to avoid an ''improper'' deep eutectic valley[13] lying extremely close to pure Sr in view of an updated melting temperature of 1050 K (777  C) for Sr.[14]","quote_page":5,"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash"],"record_kind":"running_text","source_system":"ND-SR","system":"ND-SR","temperature_K":1050.0,"temperature_printed":"1050 K (777  C)","tool_release":"release v2 + tools dev copy record build","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":10.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"prior","ci95":null,"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_TRANSITION","floor":10.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":129,"value":10.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_TRANSITION"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":1050.0},{"chemical_system":"ND-SR","citations_printed":["13"],"cited_sources":[{"doi":"10.1007/bf02668229","first_author":"Okamoto","kind":"assessment","label":"13","paper":"doi:10.1007/bf02668229","reference":"H. Okamoto and T.B. Massalski: J. Phase Equilib., 1993, vol. 14 (3), pp. 316–35.","status":"resolved","year":"1993"}],"conditions":{"kind":"cited_source","note":"conditions in the cited source"},"evidence_class":"model","flags":{"calphad_check":"not_available","espei_certified":false,"espei_ready":false,"extraction_accepted":false,"gate_failures":["state_phases_missing"],"review_state":"extracted","second_reader":"done","value_in_quote":true},"fold_lpo":3,"fold_lso":2,"gate_failures":[{"code":"state_phases_missing","detail":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE without the phases of its state (reactions_in_quote:0)","effect":"not_accepted","gate":"R3"}],"id":"ORC-UIUFNUCIOP.f91d55","link_rule":"quote verbatim on one page/passage + printed value inside quote","locator":{"ref":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02"},"observation_type":"phase_transition","origin":{"class":"model_value","own_work_of_paper":false},"paper":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","paper_id":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7","pid":"doi:10.1007/s11661-013-2038-7/p5/text-02/s02#phase_transition","pressure_Pa":101325,"pressure_basis":"assumed_default_1_atm_not_printed","pressure_basis_stored":"stated_default_1_atm","property":"INVARIANT_TEMPERATURE","property_group":"invariant reaction","quote":"The reaction Liq fi DHCP + BCC_A2 is predicted to occur at 1048 K (775  C) rather than 1013 K (740  C) in order to avoid an ''improper'' deep eutectic valley[13] lying extremely close to pure Sr in view of an updated melting temperature of 1050 K (777  C) for Sr.[14]","quote_page":5,"reaction":{"printed":"Liq fi DHCP + BCC_A2","type":"eutectic"},"reader_agreement":"multi_reader","reader_agreement_basis":"derived_from_readers","reader_agreement_label":"confirmed (two or more readers)","reader_tier":"preliminary_flash","readers":["claude-opus-5.5","gemini-3.8-flash"],"record_kind":"running_text","source_system":"ND-SR","system":"ND-SR","temperature_K":1013.0,"temperature_printed":"1013 K (740  C)","tool_release":"release v2 + tools dev copy record build","transition_kind":"eutectic","transition_kind_printed":"eutectic","uncertainty_budget":{"calibration":"orchid-uncertainty-calibration 2026-10-24 (audit round 2) sha256 6a2b5a92b0ec","quantities":{"value":{"sigma_composition":null,"sigma_conversion":null,"sigma_effective":4.0,"sigma_method":{"basis":"calibrated","ci95":[3.11346,4.29954],"class":"model_calculated","entry":"model/T_INVARIANT","floor":4.0,"floor_unit":"K","n_pairs":14146,"value":4.0},"sigma_printed":null,"sigma_reading":{"basis":"last_printed_digit","value":0.05},"sigma_scatter":null,"unit":"K","value_type":"T_INVARIANT"}},"sigma_rule":"max(sqrt(max(printed, reading, method)^2 + composition^2 + conversion^2), scatter)"},"unit":"K","value":1013.0}],"release":"orchid-literature 2026-10-23 (record store db-v2.1: invariant/general v2.1.19r, text+context fixup-20261022)","system":"ND-SR"}