# Ba–Ge phases
> Ba–Ge system: 13 phases (tier A 6, tier B 1, tier C 3, liquid 1, needs_review 2); 11 stable in a calculated diagram in the ORCHID phase registry, with names, structure type when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules, calculated stability, verbatim TDB PHASE/CONSTITUENT statements and example references.
HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/BA-GE.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/BA-GE.md
13 phases (tier A 6, tier B 1, tier C 3, liquid 1, needs_review 2); 11 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).
Data: [interactive registry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/?q=BA-GE) · [full JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/systems/BA-GE.json) · [Ba–Ge system page](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BA-GE.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/BA-GE.md) · [field reference](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md)
Table: Phases of the Ba–Ge system (13)
| Phase | Structure | Basis | Stability (calculated) | Literature values | TDB models |
|---|---|---|---|---:|---:|
| [DIAMOND_A4](#phase-ba-ge-a4-diamond); _phase:ba-ge:a4-diamond_ | C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Ge) 1–1 | 0 | 1 |
| [BA2GE_C37](#phase-ba-ge-ba2ge-c37); _phase:ba-ge:ba2ge-c37_ | Co2Si · C37 · oP12 · Pnma (62) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1271.02 K, x(Ge) 0.33333–0.33333 | 16 | 1 |
| [BA3GE4_ALPHA](#phase-ba-ge-ba3ge4-alpha); _phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-alpha_ | | needs_review | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–613.06 K, x(Ge) 0.57143–0.57143 | 6 | 1 |
| [BA3GE4_BETA](#phase-ba-ge-ba3ge4-beta); _phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-beta_ | | needs_review | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 613.06–1202.1 K, x(Ge) 0.57143–0.57143 | 10 | 1 |
| [BA5GE3](#phase-ba-ge-ba5ge3); _phase:ba-ge:ba5ge3_ | Ba5Si3 · tP32 · P4/ncc (130) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1193.52 K, x(Ge) 0.375–0.375 | 17 | 1 |
| [BA6GE25](#phase-ba-ge-ba6ge25); _phase:ba-ge:ba6ge25_ | K6Sn25 · cP124 · P4_132 (213) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1086.7 K, x(Ge) 0.80645–0.80645 | 15 | 1 |
| [BA8GE43](#phase-ba-ge-ba8ge43); _phase:ba-ge:ba8ge43_ | Na4Si23 · cP54 · Pm-3n (223) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1063.96–1085.68 K, x(Ge) 0.84314–0.84314 | 11 | 1 |
| [BAGE_B33](#phase-ba-ge-bage-b33); _phase:ba-ge:bage-b33_ | CrB · B33 · oC8 · Cmcm (63) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1253.73 K, x(Ge) 0.5–0.5 | 16 | 1 |
| [BAGE2](#phase-ba-ge-bage2); _phase:ba-ge:bage2_ | BaSi2 · oP24 · Pnma (62) | tier B: DFT-supported (unique MP + OQMD match) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1376.94 K, x(Ge) 0.66667–0.66667 | 20 | 1 |
| [BCC_A2](#phase-ba-ge-bcc-a2); _phase:ba-ge:bcc-a2_ | W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1004.11 K, x(Ge) 0–0 | 3 | 1 |
| [FCC_A1](#phase-ba-ge-fcc-a1); _phase:ba-ge:fcc-a1_ | Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225) | tier A: standard phase name | not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s) | 0 | 1 |
| [HCP_A3](#phase-ba-ge-hcp-a3); _phase:ba-ge:hcp-a3_ | Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194) | tier A: standard phase name | not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s) | 0 | 1 |
| [LIQUID](#phase-ba-ge-liquid); _phase:ba-ge:liquid_ | liquid | liquid | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 933.52–2500 K, x(Ge) 0–1 | 22 | 1 |
## DIAMOND_A4 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:a4-diamond`; status `assigned`
- Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type `st:a4-c-diamond-cf8`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
- Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Ge) 1–1
- Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:a4-diamond)
Names (2): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:a4-diamond
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:DIAMOND_A4
### TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
46: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
47: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase_
## BA2GE_C37 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:ba2ge-c37`; status `assigned`
- Structure: Co2Si · C37 · oP12 · Pnma (62); type `st:c37-co2si-op12`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
- Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaaaaupm and oqmd-1343651, space group 62
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.6667, Ge 0.3333
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1271.02 K, x(Ge) 0.33333–0.33333
- Literature: 16 values (16 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:ba2ge-c37)
Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:ba2ge-c37
_mp: _mp:mp-aaaaaupm
_oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-1343651
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Ba2Ge
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BA2GE_C37
### TDB models of BA2GE_C37 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BA2GE_C37, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
51: PHASE BA2GE_C37 % 2 2 1 !
52: CONST BA2GE_C37 : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1515/znb-1973-3-427](https://doi.org/10.1515/znb-1973-3-427) K. Turban, Herbert Schäfer, Notizen: Darstellung und Kristallstruktur des Ba\2\Ge / Preparation and Crystal structure of Ba\2\Ge, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 28, 220-222 (1973).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BA3GE4_ALPHA (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-alpha`; status `needs_review`
- No structure assigned. Why: no_structure_token; polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition
- Candidate (dft_mp): Cmmm (65) — on-hull MP Ba3Ge4 at x(GE)=0.5714
- Candidate (dft_oqmd): Cmmm (65) — on-hull OQMD Ba3 Ge4 at x(GE)=0.5714
- Candidate (sgte_mmc2): Ba3Ge4 · oC56 · Cmmm (65) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for BA3GE4_ALPHA: Ba3Ge4-alpha
- Candidate (tdb_comment): Ba3Ge4 · oC56 · Cmmm — BaGe-19Ben.tdb: 'Prototype Ba3Ge4 (oC56, Cmmm)'
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.4286, Ge 0.5714
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–613.06 K, x(Ge) 0.57143–0.57143
- Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-alpha)
Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-alpha
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:α-Ba3Ge4
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BA3GE4_ALPHA
### TDB models of BA3GE4_ALPHA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BA3GE4_ALPHA, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
66: PHASE BA3GE4_ALPHA % 2 3 4 !
67: CONST BA3GE4_ALPHA : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19981217)37:23\<3314::aid-anie3314>3.0.co;2-l](https://doi.org/10.1002/%28sici%291521-3773%2819981217%2937:23<3314::aid-anie3314>3.0.co;2-l) Fabio Zürcher, Reinhard Nesper, Ba3Ge4: Polymerization of Zintl Anions in the Solid and Bond Stretching Isomerism, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 37, 3314-3318 (1998).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BA3GE4_BETA (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-beta`; status `needs_review`
- No structure assigned. Why: no_structure_token; polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition
- Candidate (dft_mp): Cmmm (65) — on-hull MP Ba3Ge4 at x(GE)=0.5714
- Candidate (dft_oqmd): Cmmm (65) — on-hull OQMD Ba3 Ge4 at x(GE)=0.5714
- Candidate (sgte_mmc2): Ba3Si4 · tP28 · P4_2/mnm (136) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for BA3GE4_BETA: Ba3Ge4-beta
- Candidate (tdb_comment): Ba3Si4 · tP28 · P4_2/mnm — BaGe-19Ben.tdb: 'Prototype Ba3Si4 (tP28, P4_2/mnm)'
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.4286, Ge 0.5714
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 613.06–1202.1 K, x(Ge) 0.57143–0.57143
- Literature: 10 values (10 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-beta)
Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:ba3ge4-beta
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Ba3Ge4, paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:β-Ba3Ge4, paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:βBa3Ge4
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BA3GE4_BETA
### TDB models of BA3GE4_BETA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BA3GE4_BETA, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
71: PHASE BA3GE4_BETA % 2 3 4 !
72: CONST BA3GE4_BETA : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19981217)37:23\<3314::aid-anie3314>3.0.co;2-l](https://doi.org/10.1002/%28sici%291521-3773%2819981217%2937:23<3314::aid-anie3314>3.0.co;2-l) Fabio Zürcher, Reinhard Nesper, Ba3Ge4: Polymerization of Zintl Anions in the Solid and Bond Stretching Isomerism, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 37, 3314-3318 (1998).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BA5GE3 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:ba5ge3`; status `assigned`
- Structure: Ba5Si3 · tP32 · P4/ncc (130); type `st:ba5si3-tp32`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
- Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833)
- Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.6250, Ge 0.3750
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1193.52 K, x(Ge) 0.375–0.375
- Literature: 17 values (17 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:ba5ge3)
Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:ba5ge3
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Ba5Ge3
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BA5GE3
### TDB models of BA5GE3 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BA5GE3, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
56: PHASE BA5GE3 % 2 5 3 !
57: CONST BA5GE3 : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BA6GE25 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:ba6ge25`; status `assigned`
- Structure: K6Sn25 · cP124 · P4_132 (213); type `st:k6sn25-cp124`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
- Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833)
- Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.1935, Ge 0.8065
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1086.7 K, x(Ge) 0.80645–0.80645
- Literature: 15 values (15 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:ba6ge25)
Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:ba6ge25
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Ba6Ge25
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BA6GE25
### TDB models of BA6GE25 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BA6GE25, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
81: PHASE BA6GE25 % 2 6 25 !
82: CONST BA6GE25 : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (5 of 5; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208](https://doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208) W. Carrillo-Cabrera, J. Curda, H. G. von Schnering, S. Paschen, Yu. Grin, Crystal structure of hexabarium pentacosagermanide, Ba6Ge25, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 215, 207-208 (2000).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1006/jssc.2000.8632](https://doi.org/10.1006/jssc.2000.8632) Hiroshi Fukuoka, Kazuhito Iwai, Shoji Yamanaka, Hideki Abe, Kenji Yoza, Ludger Häming, Preparation and Structure of a New Germanium Clathrate, Ba24Ge100, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 151, 117-121 (2000).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011) Wilder Carrillo-Cabrera, Horst Borrmann, Silke Paschen, Michael Baenitz, Frank Steglich, Yuri Grin, Ba6Ge25: low-temperature Ge–Ge bond breaking during temperature-induced structure transformation, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 178, 715-728 (2005).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BA8GE43 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:ba8ge43`; status `assigned`
- Structure: Na4Si23 · cP54 · Pm-3n (223); type `st:na4si23-cp54`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
- Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833)
- Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.1569, Ge 0.8431
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1063.96–1085.68 K, x(Ge) 0.84314–0.84314
- Literature: 11 values (10 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:ba8ge43)
Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:ba8ge43
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Ba8Ge43
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BA8GE43
### TDB models of BA8GE43 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BA8GE43, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
86: PHASE BA8GE43 % 2 8 43 !
87: CONST BA8GE43 : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011) Wilder Carrillo-Cabrera, Horst Borrmann, Silke Paschen, Michael Baenitz, Frank Steglich, Yuri Grin, Ba6Ge25: low-temperature Ge–Ge bond breaking during temperature-induced structure transformation, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 178, 715-728 (2005).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208](https://doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208) W. Carrillo-Cabrera, J. Curda, H. G. von Schnering, S. Paschen, Yu. Grin, Crystal structure of hexabarium pentacosagermanide, Ba6Ge25, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 215, 207-208 (2000).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BAGE_B33 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:bage-b33`; status `assigned`
- Structure: CrB · B33 · oC8 · Cmcm (63); type `st:b33-crb-oc8`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
- Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaaaacoo and oqmd-646985, space group 63
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.5000, Ge 0.5000
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1253.73 K, x(Ge) 0.5–0.5
- Literature: 16 values (16 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:bage-b33)
Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:bage-b33
_mp: _mp:mp-aaaaacoo
_oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-646985
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:BaGe
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BAGE_B33
### TDB models of BAGE_B33 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BAGE_B33, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
61: PHASE BAGE_B33 % 2 1 1 !
62: CONST BAGE_B33 : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1107/s0365110x67001793](https://doi.org/10.1107/s0365110x67001793) W. Rieger, E. Parthé, Alkaline earth silicides, germanides and stannides with CrB structure type, Acta Cryst 22, 919-922 (1967).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BAGE2 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:bage2`; status `assigned`
- Structure: BaSi2 · oP24 · Pnma (62); type `st:basi2-op24`; tier B: DFT-supported (unique MP + OQMD match); confidence high
- Stoichiometry: Ba 0.3333, Ge 0.6667
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1376.94 K, x(Ge) 0.66667–0.66667
- Literature: 20 values (20 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:bage2)
Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:bage2
_mp: _mp:mp-aaaaadeh
_oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-20095
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:BaGe2
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BAGE2
### TDB models of BAGE2 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BAGE2, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
76: PHASE BAGE2 % 2 1 2 !
77: CONST BAGE2 : BA : GE : !
~~~~
Example references (5 of 5; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1515/znb-1977-1128](https://doi.org/10.1515/znb-1977-1128) Jürgen Evers, Gilbert Oehlinger, Armin Weiss, Notizen: Kristallstruktur von Bariumdigermanid bei hohen Drücken / Crystal Structure of Bariumdigermanide at High Pressures, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 32, 1352-1353 (1977).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011) Wilder Carrillo-Cabrera, Horst Borrmann, Silke Paschen, Michael Baenitz, Frank Steglich, Yuri Grin, Ba6Ge25: low-temperature Ge–Ge bond breaking during temperature-induced structure transformation, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 178, 715-728 (2005).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208](https://doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208) W. Carrillo-Cabrera, J. Curda, H. G. von Schnering, S. Paschen, Yu. Grin, Crystal structure of hexabarium pentacosagermanide, Ba6Ge25, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 215, 207-208 (2000).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## BCC_A2 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:bcc-a2`; status `assigned`
- Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type `st:a2-w-ci2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1004.11 K, x(Ge) 0–0
- Literature: 3 values (3 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:bcc-a2)
Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:bcc-a2
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Ba
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:BCC_A2
### TDB models of BCC_A2 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
36: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
37: CONST BCC_A2 : BA% GE : VA : !
~~~~
Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## FCC_A1 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:fcc-a1`; status `assigned`
- Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type `st:a1-cu-cf4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
- Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
- Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:fcc-a1)
Names (2): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:fcc-a1
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:FCC_A1
### TDB models of FCC_A1 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
31: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
32: CONST FCC_A1 : BA GE : VA : !
~~~~
Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase_
## HCP_A3 (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:hcp-a3`; status `assigned`
- Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type `st:a3-mg-hp2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
- Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
- Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:hcp-a3)
Names (2): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:hcp-a3
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:HCP_A3
### TDB models of HCP_A3 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
41: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
42: CONST HCP_A3 : BA GE : VA : !
~~~~
Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase_
## LIQUID (Ba–Ge)
- Id: `phase:ba-ge:liquid`; status `assigned`
- Structure: liquid; type `st:liquid`; liquid; confidence high
- Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 933.52–2500 K, x(Ge) 0–1
- Literature: 22 values (22 accepted) from 1 papers
- Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ba-ge:liquid)
Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ba-ge:liquid
_paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2:Liq
_tdb: _tdb:BaGe-19Ben.tdb:LIQUID
### TDB models of LIQUID (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written
[BaGe-19Ben.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BaGe-19Ben.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `118f846ad4780ff7…`
~~~~text
26: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
27: CONST LIQUID:L : BA GE : !
~~~~
Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):
- [doi:10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-019-00714-2) R. Benhafid, A. Belgacem Bouzida, Y. Djaballah, A. Candan, A. İyigör, G. Uğur, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Al-Ba and Ba-Ge Systems Supported by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 40, 195-205 (2019).
_assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.08.005) M. Pani, A. Palenzona, The phase diagram of the Ba–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 462, L9-L11 (2008).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.011) Wilder Carrillo-Cabrera, Horst Borrmann, Silke Paschen, Michael Baenitz, Frank Steglich, Yuri Grin, Ba6Ge25: low-temperature Ge–Ge bond breaking during temperature-induced structure transformation, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 178, 715-728 (2005).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
- [doi:10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208](https://doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2000-0208) W. Carrillo-Cabrera, J. Curda, H. G. von Schnering, S. Paschen, Yu. Grin, Crystal structure of hexabarium pentacosagermanide, Ba6Ge25, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 215, 207-208 (2000).
_cited as the source of values for this phase_
## Please cite
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065
Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work).
Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.
```bibtex
@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
title = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
version = {2026.10},
publisher = {Zenodo},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
note = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
@misc{orchid_data_2026,
author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
version = {2026.10},
publisher = {Zenodo},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
note = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```
---
Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite the ORCHID phase registry and the sources named on the page (TDB assessments, Hallstedt 2025, Materials Project, OQMD). TDB statements are quoted as written; parameter expressions are not reproduced. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt).