# Ce–Mn phases > Ce–Mn system: 6 phases (tier A 5, liquid 1); 5 stable in a calculated diagram in the ORCHID phase registry, with names, structure type when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules, calculated stability, verbatim TDB PHASE/CONSTITUENT statements and example references. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CE-MN.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CE-MN.md 6 phases (tier A 5, liquid 1); 5 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model). Data: [interactive registry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/?q=CE-MN) · [full JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/systems/CE-MN.json) · [Ce–Mn system page](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CE-MN.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CE-MN.md) · [field reference](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md) Table: Phases of the Ce–Mn system (6) | Phase | Structure | Basis | Stability (calculated) | Literature values | TDB models | |---|---|---|---|---:|---:| | [BCC_A2](#phase-ce-mn-bcc-a2); _phase:ce-mn:bcc-a2_ | W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 911.37–2498.99 K, x(Mn) 0–1 | 5 | 2 | | [CBCC_A12](#phase-ce-mn-cbcc-a12); _phase:ce-mn:cbcc-a12_ | alpha-Mn · A12 · cI58 · I-43m (217) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1355 K, x(Mn) 1–1 | 5 | 2 | | [CUB_A13](#phase-ce-mn-cub-a13); _phase:ce-mn:cub-a13_ | beta-Mn · A13 · cP20 · P4_132 (213) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 898.39–1404.99 K, x(Mn) 0.97167–1 | 4 | 2 | | [FCC_A1](#phase-ce-mn-fcc-a1); _phase:ce-mn:fcc-a1_ | Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1418 K, x(Mn) 0–1 | 10 | 2 | | [HCP_A3](#phase-ce-mn-hcp-a3); _phase:ce-mn:hcp-a3_ | Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194) | tier A: standard phase name | not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s) | 0 | 2 | | [LIQUID](#phase-ce-mn-liquid); _phase:ce-mn:liquid_ | liquid | liquid | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 894–2500 K, x(Mn) 0–1 | 15 | 2 | ## BCC_A2 (Ce–Mn) - Id: `phase:ce-mn:bcc-a2`; status `assigned` - Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type `st:a2-w-ci2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 911.37–2498.99 K, x(Mn) 0–1 - Literature: 5 values (5 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ce-mn:bcc-a2) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ce-mn:bcc-a2 _paper: _paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:(δCe), paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:(δMn) _tdb: _tdb:CeMn-07Tan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CeMn-24Ye.tdb:BCC_A2 ### TDB models of BCC_A2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CeMn-07Tan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-07Tan.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `1d3e4632db5ba67e…` ~~~~text 31: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 32: CONST BCC_A2 : CE% MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CeMn-24Ye.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-24Ye.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `cd632a2aefd27880…` ~~~~text 34: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 35: CONST BCC_A2 : CE% MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071) Chengying Tang, Yong Du, Lijun Zhang, Honghui Xu, Zhijun Zhu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 437, 102-106 (2007). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/mgea.39](https://doi.org/10.1002/mgea.39) Hongjian Ye, Jiang Wang, Qing Chen, Guanghui Rao, Huaiying Zhou, Development of thermodynamic database of the Mn‐RE (RE = rare earth metals) binary systems, Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2 (2024). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(64)90078-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2864%2990078-5) B.J Thamer, The system cerium-manganese in the range of 0–20 atomic per cent manganese, Journal of the Less Common Metals 7, 341-346 (1964). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CBCC_A12 (Ce–Mn) - Id: `phase:ce-mn:cbcc-a12`; status `assigned` - Structure: alpha-Mn · A12 · cI58 · I-43m (217); type `st:a12-alpha-mn-ci58`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stoichiometry: Mn 1.0000 - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1355 K, x(Mn) 1–1 - Literature: 5 values (5 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ce-mn:cbcc-a12) Names (4): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ce-mn:cbcc-a12 _paper: _paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:(αMn) _tdb: _tdb:CeMn-07Tan.tdb:CBCC_A12, tdb:CeMn-24Ye.tdb:CBCC_A12 ### TDB models of CBCC_A12 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CeMn-07Tan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-07Tan.tdb): CBCC_A12, type code %A, sha256 `1d3e4632db5ba67e…` ~~~~text 41: PHASE CBCC_A12 %A 2 1 1 ! 42: CONST CBCC_A12 : MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CeMn-24Ye.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-24Ye.tdb): CBCC_A12, type code %A, sha256 `cd632a2aefd27880…` ~~~~text 44: PHASE CBCC_A12 %A 2 1 1 ! 45: CONST CBCC_A12 : MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071) Chengying Tang, Yong Du, Lijun Zhang, Honghui Xu, Zhijun Zhu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 437, 102-106 (2007). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/mgea.39](https://doi.org/10.1002/mgea.39) Hongjian Ye, Jiang Wang, Qing Chen, Guanghui Rao, Huaiying Zhou, Development of thermodynamic database of the Mn‐RE (RE = rare earth metals) binary systems, Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2 (2024). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(64)90078-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2864%2990078-5) B.J Thamer, The system cerium-manganese in the range of 0–20 atomic per cent manganese, Journal of the Less Common Metals 7, 341-346 (1964). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CUB_A13 (Ce–Mn) - Id: `phase:ce-mn:cub-a13`; status `assigned` - Structure: beta-Mn · A13 · cP20 · P4_132 (213); type `st:a13-beta-mn-cp20`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 898.39–1404.99 K, x(Mn) 0.97167–1 - Literature: 4 values (4 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ce-mn:cub-a13) Names (4): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ce-mn:cub-a13 _paper: _paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:(βMn) _tdb: _tdb:CeMn-07Tan.tdb:CUB_A13, tdb:CeMn-24Ye.tdb:CUB_A13 ### TDB models of CUB_A13 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CeMn-07Tan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-07Tan.tdb): CUB_A13, type code %, sha256 `1d3e4632db5ba67e…` ~~~~text 46: PHASE CUB_A13 % 2 1 1 ! 47: CONST CUB_A13 : CE MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CeMn-24Ye.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-24Ye.tdb): CUB_A13, type code %, sha256 `cd632a2aefd27880…` ~~~~text 49: PHASE CUB_A13 % 2 1 1 ! 50: CONST CUB_A13 : CE MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071) Chengying Tang, Yong Du, Lijun Zhang, Honghui Xu, Zhijun Zhu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 437, 102-106 (2007). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/mgea.39](https://doi.org/10.1002/mgea.39) Hongjian Ye, Jiang Wang, Qing Chen, Guanghui Rao, Huaiying Zhou, Development of thermodynamic database of the Mn‐RE (RE = rare earth metals) binary systems, Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2 (2024). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(64)90078-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2864%2990078-5) B.J Thamer, The system cerium-manganese in the range of 0–20 atomic per cent manganese, Journal of the Less Common Metals 7, 341-346 (1964). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## FCC_A1 (Ce–Mn) - Id: `phase:ce-mn:fcc-a1`; status `assigned` - Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type `st:a1-cu-cf4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1418 K, x(Mn) 0–1 - Literature: 10 values (10 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ce-mn:fcc-a1) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ce-mn:fcc-a1 _paper: _paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:(γCe), paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:(γMn) _tdb: _tdb:CeMn-07Tan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CeMn-24Ye.tdb:FCC_A1 ### TDB models of FCC_A1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CeMn-07Tan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-07Tan.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `1d3e4632db5ba67e…` ~~~~text 26: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 27: CONST FCC_A1 : CE% MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CeMn-24Ye.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-24Ye.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `cd632a2aefd27880…` ~~~~text 29: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 30: CONST FCC_A1 : CE% MN% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071) Chengying Tang, Yong Du, Lijun Zhang, Honghui Xu, Zhijun Zhu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 437, 102-106 (2007). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/mgea.39](https://doi.org/10.1002/mgea.39) Hongjian Ye, Jiang Wang, Qing Chen, Guanghui Rao, Huaiying Zhou, Development of thermodynamic database of the Mn‐RE (RE = rare earth metals) binary systems, Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2 (2024). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(64)90078-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2864%2990078-5) B.J Thamer, The system cerium-manganese in the range of 0–20 atomic per cent manganese, Journal of the Less Common Metals 7, 341-346 (1964). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## HCP_A3 (Ce–Mn) - Id: `phase:ce-mn:hcp-a3`; status `assigned` - Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type `st:a3-mg-hp2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s) - Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ce-mn:hcp-a3) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ce-mn:hcp-a3 _tdb: _tdb:CeMn-07Tan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CeMn-24Ye.tdb:HCP_A3 ### TDB models of HCP_A3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CeMn-07Tan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-07Tan.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `1d3e4632db5ba67e…` ~~~~text 36: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 ! 37: CONST HCP_A3 : CE MN : VA : ! ~~~~ [CeMn-24Ye.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-24Ye.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `cd632a2aefd27880…` ~~~~text 39: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 ! 40: CONST HCP_A3 : CE MN : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1002/mgea.39](https://doi.org/10.1002/mgea.39) Hongjian Ye, Jiang Wang, Qing Chen, Guanghui Rao, Huaiying Zhou, Development of thermodynamic database of the Mn‐RE (RE = rare earth metals) binary systems, Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2 (2024). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071) Chengying Tang, Yong Du, Lijun Zhang, Honghui Xu, Zhijun Zhu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 437, 102-106 (2007). _assessment that models this phase_ ## LIQUID (Ce–Mn) - Id: `phase:ce-mn:liquid`; status `assigned` - Structure: liquid; type `st:liquid`; liquid; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 894–2500 K, x(Mn) 0–1 - Literature: 15 values (15 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ce-mn:liquid) Names (4): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ce-mn:liquid _paper: _paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071:Liquid _tdb: _tdb:CeMn-07Tan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CeMn-24Ye.tdb:LIQUID ### TDB models of LIQUID (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CeMn-07Tan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-07Tan.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `1d3e4632db5ba67e…` ~~~~text 21: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 22: CONST LIQUID:L : CE MN : ! ~~~~ [CeMn-24Ye.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CeMn-24Ye.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `cd632a2aefd27880…` ~~~~text 24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 25: CONST LIQUID:L : CE MN : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.07.071) Chengying Tang, Yong Du, Lijun Zhang, Honghui Xu, Zhijun Zhu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Mn system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 437, 102-106 (2007). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/mgea.39](https://doi.org/10.1002/mgea.39) Hongjian Ye, Jiang Wang, Qing Chen, Guanghui Rao, Huaiying Zhou, Development of thermodynamic database of the Mn‐RE (RE = rare earth metals) binary systems, Materials Genome Engineering Advances 2 (2024). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(64)90078-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2864%2990078-5) B.J Thamer, The system cerium-manganese in the range of 0–20 atomic per cent manganese, Journal of the Less Common Metals 7, 341-346 (1964). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite the ORCHID phase registry and the sources named on the page (TDB assessments, Hallstedt 2025, Materials Project, OQMD). TDB statements are quoted as written; parameter expressions are not reproduced. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt).