Cu–Fe phases

4 phases (tier A 3, liquid 1); 3 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Cu–Fe system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Cu–Fe system (4)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
BCC_A2 phase:cu-fe:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–2499.7 K, x(Fe) 0.93114–1	33	6
FCC_A1 phase:cu-fe:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1781.58 K, x(Fe) 0–1	53	6
HCP_A3 phase:cu-fe:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 6 calculated diagram(s)	0	6
LIQUID phase:cu-fe:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 1357.77–2500 K, x(Fe) 0–1	74	6

BCC_A2 (Cu–Fe)

Id: phase:cu-fe:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–2499.7 K, x(Fe) 0.93114–1
Literature: 33 values (33 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (11): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-fe:bcc-a2
paper: paper:10.1007/bf02664678:α, paper:10.1007/bf02664678:δ, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:α, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:δ
tdb: tdb:CuFe-03Tur.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuFe-15Ste.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuFe-87Jan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuFe-93Swa.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuFe-95Che.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuFe-03Tur.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 cdb9d77a4cc00a0e…

31: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
32: CONST BCC_A2 : CU FE% : VA : !

CuFe-15Ste.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 bfc63223f5caef05…

29: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
30: CONST BCC_A2 : CU FE% : VA : !

CuFe-87Jan.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 2c05cb21e3fff528…

32: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
33: CONST BCC_A2 : CU FE% : VA : !

CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 e3232aa138fa336c…

30: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
31: CONST BCC_A2 : CU FE% : VA : !

CuFe-93Swa.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 4c1bc91a8d26ffd4…

35: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
36: CONST BCC_A2 : CU FE% : VA : !

CuFe-95Che.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 2a778f43763571c5…

30: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
31: CONST BCC_A2 : CU FE% : VA : !

Example references (6 of 6; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/BF02664678 Q. Chen, Z.P. Jin, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 26A, 417-26(1995).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1361/105497103770330280 M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, I. V. Nikolaenko, Thermodynamics of alloys and phase equilibria in the copper-iron system, JPE 24, 307-319 (2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2015.08.042 G. Stechauner, E. Kozeschnik, Thermo-kinetic modeling of Cu precipitation in α-Fe, Acta Materialia 100, 135-146 (2015).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0364-5916(80)90026-7 Mitsuhiro Hasebe, Taiji Nishizawa, Calculation of phase diagrams of the iron-copper and cobalt-copper systems, Calphad 4, 83-100 (1980).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1016/0364-5916(81)90036-5 M. Hasebe and T. Nishizawa: “Further Study on Phase Diagram of the Iron-Copper System,” Calphad, 1981, 5, pp. 105-108.
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1957.0004 A. Hellawell, William Hume-Rothery, The constitution of alloys of iron and manganese with transition elements of the first long period, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 249, 417-459 (1957).
cited as the source of values for this phase

FCC_A1 (Cu–Fe)

Id: phase:cu-fe:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1781.58 K, x(Fe) 0–1
Literature: 53 values (53 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (12): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-fe:fcc-a1, corpus:phase:cu-fe:fcc-a1-2
paper: paper:10.1007/bf02664678:γ, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:γ, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:ε
system_alias: system_alias:cu-fe:epsilon
tdb: tdb:CuFe-03Tur.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuFe-15Ste.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuFe-87Jan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuFe-93Swa.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuFe-95Che.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuFe-03Tur.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 cdb9d77a4cc00a0e…

26: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
27: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% FE% : VA : !

CuFe-15Ste.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 bfc63223f5caef05…

24: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
25: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% FE% : VA : !

CuFe-87Jan.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 2c05cb21e3fff528…

27: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
28: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% FE% : VA : !

CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 e3232aa138fa336c…

25: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
26: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% FE% : VA : !

CuFe-93Swa.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 4c1bc91a8d26ffd4…

30: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
31: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% FE% : VA : !

CuFe-95Che.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 2a778f43763571c5…

25: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
26: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% FE% : VA : !

Example references (6 of 6; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497103770330280 M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, I. V. Nikolaenko, Thermodynamics of alloys and phase equilibria in the copper-iron system, JPE 24, 307-319 (2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/BF02664678 Q. Chen, Z.P. Jin, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 26A, 417-26(1995).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2015.08.042 G. Stechauner, E. Kozeschnik, Thermo-kinetic modeling of Cu precipitation in α-Fe, Acta Materialia 100, 135-146 (2015).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0364-5916(80)90026-7 Mitsuhiro Hasebe, Taiji Nishizawa, Calculation of phase diagrams of the iron-copper and cobalt-copper systems, Calphad 4, 83-100 (1980).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1957.0004 A. Hellawell, William Hume-Rothery, The constitution of alloys of iron and manganese with transition elements of the first long period, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 249, 417-459 (1957).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1016/0364-5916(81)90036-5 M. Hasebe and T. Nishizawa: “Further Study on Phase Diagram of the Iron-Copper System,” Calphad, 1981, 5, pp. 105-108.
cited as the source of values for this phase

HCP_A3 (Cu–Fe)

Id: phase:cu-fe:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 6 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (7): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-fe:hcp-a3
tdb: tdb:CuFe-03Tur.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuFe-15Ste.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuFe-87Jan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuFe-93Swa.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuFe-95Che.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuFe-03Tur.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 cdb9d77a4cc00a0e…

36: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
37: CONST HCP_A3 : CU FE : VA : !

CuFe-15Ste.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 bfc63223f5caef05…

34: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
35: CONST HCP_A3 : CU FE : VA : !

CuFe-87Jan.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 2c05cb21e3fff528…

37: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
38: CONST HCP_A3 : CU FE : VA : !

CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 e3232aa138fa336c…

35: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
36: CONST HCP_A3 : CU FE : VA : !

CuFe-93Swa.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 4c1bc91a8d26ffd4…

40: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
41: CONST HCP_A3 : CU FE : VA : !

CuFe-95Che.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 2a778f43763571c5…

35: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
36: CONST HCP_A3 : CU FE : VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/BF02664678 Q. Chen, Z.P. Jin, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 26A, 417-26(1995).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2015.08.042 G. Stechauner, E. Kozeschnik, Thermo-kinetic modeling of Cu precipitation in α-Fe, Acta Materialia 100, 135-146 (2015).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1361/105497103770330280 M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, I. V. Nikolaenko, Thermodynamics of alloys and phase equilibria in the copper-iron system, JPE 24, 307-319 (2003).
assessment that models this phase

LIQUID (Cu–Fe)

Id: phase:cu-fe:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 1357.77–2500 K, x(Fe) 0–1
Literature: 74 values (74 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (13): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-fe:liquid
paper: paper:10.1007/bf02664678:L, paper:10.1007/bf02664678:liq, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:L, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:L1, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:L2, paper:10.1361/105497103770330280:liquid
tdb: tdb:CuFe-03Tur.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuFe-15Ste.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuFe-87Jan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuFe-93Swa.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuFe-95Che.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuFe-03Tur.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 cdb9d77a4cc00a0e…

21: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
22: CONST LIQUID:L : CU FE : !

CuFe-15Ste.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 bfc63223f5caef05…

19: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
20: CONST LIQUID:L : CU FE : !

CuFe-87Jan.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 2c05cb21e3fff528…

22: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
23: CONST LIQUID:L : CU FE : !

CuFe-93Ans-LB.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 e3232aa138fa336c…

20: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
21: CONST LIQUID:L : CU FE : !

CuFe-93Swa.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 4c1bc91a8d26ffd4…

25: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
26: CONST LIQUID:L : CU FE : !

CuFe-95Che.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 2a778f43763571c5…

20: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
21: CONST LIQUID:L : CU FE : !

Example references (5 of 5; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497103770330280 M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, I. V. Nikolaenko, Thermodynamics of alloys and phase equilibria in the copper-iron system, JPE 24, 307-319 (2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/BF02664678 Q. Chen, Z.P. Jin, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 26A, 417-26(1995).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2015.08.042 G. Stechauner, E. Kozeschnik, Thermo-kinetic modeling of Cu precipitation in α-Fe, Acta Materialia 100, 135-146 (2015).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0364-5916(80)90026-7 Mitsuhiro Hasebe, Taiji Nishizawa, Calculation of phase diagrams of the iron-copper and cobalt-copper systems, Calphad 4, 83-100 (1980).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1957.0004 A. Hellawell, William Hume-Rothery, The constitution of alloys of iron and manganese with transition elements of the first long period, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 249, 417-459 (1957).
cited as the source of values for this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}