Cu–Ga phases

10 phases (tier A 4, tier C 4, liquid 1, needs_review 1); 10 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Cu–Ga system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Cu–Ga system (10)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 phase:cu-ga:a11-orthorhombic	alpha-Ga · A11 · oC8 · Cmce (64)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–302.91 K, x(Ga) 1–1	5	2
BCC_A2 phase:cu-ga:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 880.74–1189.33 K, x(Ga) 0.19371–0.27779	31	2
CU3GA_D019 phase:cu-ga:cu3ga-d019		needs_review	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–598.6 K, x(Ga) 0.222–0.222	12	2
CUGA_GAM_1 phase:cu-ga:cuga-1-gam	Al4Cu9 · D8_3 · cP52 · P-43m (215)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1108.78 K, x(Ga) 0.28951–0.35404	33	2
CUGA_GAM_2 phase:cu-ga:cuga-2-gam	Al4Cu9 · D8_3 · cP52 · P-43m (215)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–762.05 K, x(Ga) 0.33276–0.36918	16	2
CUGA_GAM_3 phase:cu-ga:cuga-3-gam	Al4Cu9 · D8_3 · cP52 · P-43m (215)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–744.88 K, x(Ga) 0.37335–0.43033	17	2
CUGA2 phase:cu-ga:cuga2	FeSi2-l · tP3 · P4/mmm (123)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–532.65 K, x(Ga) 0.66667–0.66667	14	2
FCC_A1 phase:cu-ga:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1360.77 K, x(Ga) 0–0.20279	21	2
HCP_A3 phase:cu-ga:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 590.71–895.49 K, x(Ga) 0.20497–0.22601	29	2
LIQUID phase:cu-ga:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 302.15–2500 K, x(Ga) 0–1	49	2

ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:a11-orthorhombic; status assigned
Structure: alpha-Ga · A11 · oC8 · Cmce (64); type st:a11-alpha-ga-oc8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ga 1.0000
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–302.91 K, x(Ga) 1–1
Literature: 5 values (5 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:a11-orthorhombic, corpus:phase:cu-ga:orthorhombic-a11
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:Ga, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:ORTHORHOMBIC_GA
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:ORTHORHOMBIC_A11, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:ORTHORHOMBIC_A11

TDB models of ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: ORTHORHOMBIC_A11, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

41: PHASE ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 % 1 1 !
42: CONST ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 : GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: ORTHORHOMBIC_A11, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

47: PHASE ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 % 1 1 !
48: CONST ORTHORHOMBIC_A11 : GA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

BCC_A2 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 880.74–1189.33 K, x(Ga) 0.19371–0.27779
Literature: 31 values (30 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:bcc-a2
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:bcc, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:BCC_A2
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

31: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
32: CONST BCC_A2 : CU GA : VA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

37: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
38: CONST BCC_A2 : CU GA : VA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1934.0014 William Hume-Rothery, Gilbert, W. Mabbott, K. M. Channel Evans, The freezing points, melting points, and solid solubility limits of the alloys of sliver and copper with the elements of the b sub-groups, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character 233, 1-97 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

CU3GA_D019 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:cu3ga-d019; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: assessment_declared_blocked_by:stoichiometry_contradicts_D0_19; stoichiometry_contradicts_D0_19:CuGa-08Li.tdb; stoichiometry_contradicts_D0_19:CuGa-15Jen.tdb
Candidate (literature_printed): CdMg3 · hP8 — printed with a label mapped to this phase
Candidate (name_token): Ni3Sn · D0_19 · hP8 · P6_3/mmc (194) — Strukturbericht/word 'D019' in the TDB name
Candidate (sgte_mmc2): Ni3Sn · D0_19 · hP8 · P6_3/mmc (194) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for CU3GA_D019: Cu3Ga
Candidate (tdb_comment): CdMg3 · hP8 · P6_3/mmc — CuGa-08Li.tdb: 'Prototype CdMg3 (hP8, P6_3/mmc), zeta-prime'
Candidate (tdb_comment): CdMg3 · hP8 · P6_3/mmc — CuGa-15Jen.tdb: 'Prototype CdMg3 (hP8, P6_3/mmc), zeta-prime'
Stoichiometry: Cu 0.7780, Ga 0.2220
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–598.6 K, x(Ga) 0.222–0.222
Literature: 12 values (12 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:cu3ga-d019
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:zeta', paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:CU0778GA0222
system_alias: system_alias:cu-ga:zetaprime
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:CU3GA_D019, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:CU3GA_D019

TDB models of CU3GA_D019 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: CU3GA_D019, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

46: PHASE CU3GA_D019 % 2 0.778 0.222 !
47: CONST CU3GA_D019 : CU : GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: CU3GA_D019, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

52: PHASE CU3GA_D019 % 2 0.778 0.222 !
53: CONST CU3GA_D019 : CU : GA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase

CUGA_GAM_1 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:cuga-1-gam; status assigned
Structure: Al4Cu9 · D8_3 · cP52 · P-43m (215); type st:d8-3-al4cu9-cp52; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (name_has_descriptive_tokens:1,GAM, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1108.78 K, x(Ga) 0.28951–0.35404
Literature: 33 values (33 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (7): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga-1-gam, corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga-gam-1
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:gamma0, paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:gamma1, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:GAMMA_ORD
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:CUGA_GAM_1, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:CUGA_GAM_1

TDB models of CUGA_GAM_1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: CUGA_GAM_1, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

51: PHASE CUGA_GAM_1 % 4 6 3 3 1 !
52: CONST CUGA_GAM_1 : CU : CU GA : CU GA : GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: CUGA_GAM_1, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

57: PHASE CUGA_GAM_1 % 4 6 3 3 1 !
58: CONST CUGA_GAM_1 : CU : CU GA : CU GA : GA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

CUGA_GAM_2 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:cuga-2-gam; status assigned
Structure: Al4Cu9 · D8_3 · cP52 · P-43m (215); type st:d8-3-al4cu9-cp52; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (name_has_descriptive_tokens:2,GAM, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–762.05 K, x(Ga) 0.33276–0.36918
Literature: 16 values (16 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga-2-gam, corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga-gam-2
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:gamma2, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:GAMMA_2
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:CUGA_GAM_2, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:CUGA_GAM_2

TDB models of CUGA_GAM_2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: CUGA_GAM_2, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

56: PHASE CUGA_GAM_2 % 4 3 3 3 4 !
57: CONST CUGA_GAM_2 : CU : CU VA : CU GA : GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: CUGA_GAM_2, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

62: PHASE CUGA_GAM_2 % 4 3 3 3 4 !
63: CONST CUGA_GAM_2 : CU : CU VA : CU GA : GA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase

CUGA_GAM_3 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:cuga-3-gam; status assigned
Structure: Al4Cu9 · D8_3 · cP52 · P-43m (215); type st:d8-3-al4cu9-cp52; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (name_has_descriptive_tokens:3,GAM, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–744.88 K, x(Ga) 0.37335–0.43033
Literature: 17 values (17 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga-3-gam, corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga-gam-3
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:gamma3, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:GAMMA_3
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:CUGA_GAM_3, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:CUGA_GAM_3

TDB models of CUGA_GAM_3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: CUGA_GAM_3, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

61: PHASE CUGA_GAM_3 % 3 6 3 4 !
62: CONST CUGA_GAM_3 : CU VA : CU GA : GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: CUGA_GAM_3, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

67: PHASE CUGA_GAM_3 % 3 6 3 4 !
68: CONST CUGA_GAM_3 : CU VA : CU GA : GA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

CUGA2 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:cuga2; status assigned
Structure: FeSi2-l · tP3 · P4/mmm (123); type st:fesi2-l-tp3; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (mp_oqmd_space_groups_differ, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Cu 0.3333, Ga 0.6667
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–532.65 K, x(Ga) 0.66667–0.66667
Literature: 14 values (14 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:cuga2
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:CuGa2, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:CUGA2
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:CUGA2, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:CUGA2

TDB models of CUGA2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: CUGA2, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

66: PHASE CUGA2 % 2 1 2 !
67: CONST CUGA2 : CU : GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: CUGA2, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

72: PHASE CUGA2 % 2 1 2 !
73: CONST CUGA2 : CU : GA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

FCC_A1 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1360.77 K, x(Ga) 0–0.20279
Literature: 21 values (20 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:fcc-a1
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:fcc, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:FCC_A1
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

26: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
27: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% GA : VA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

32: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
33: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% GA : VA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1934.0014 William Hume-Rothery, Gilbert, W. Mabbott, K. M. Channel Evans, The freezing points, melting points, and solid solubility limits of the alloys of sliver and copper with the elements of the b sub-groups, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character 233, 1-97 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

HCP_A3 (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 590.71–895.49 K, x(Ga) 0.20497–0.22601
Literature: 29 values (29 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:hcp-a3
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:hcp, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:HCP_A3
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

36: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
37: CONST HCP_A3 : CU GA : VA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

42: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
43: CONST HCP_A3 : CU GA : VA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase

LIQUID (Cu–Ga)

Id: phase:cu-ga:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 302.15–2500 K, x(Ga) 0–1
Literature: 49 values (48 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-ga:liquid
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006:L, paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037:LIQUID
tdb: tdb:CuGa-08Li.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuGa-15Jen.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuGa-08Li.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 f727ba216ebfbc64…

21: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
22: CONST LIQUID:L : CU GA : !

CuGa-15Jen.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 7aa7535e9f6134ba…

27: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
28: CONST LIQUID:L : CU GA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.03.006 J.-B. Li, L.N. Ji, J.K. Liang, Y. Zhang, J. Luo, C.R. Li et al., A thermodynamic assessment of the copper–gallium system, Calphad 32, 447-453 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.037 Dominika Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik, Krzysztof Fitzner, Wojciech Gierlotka, On the Cu–Ga system: Electromotive force measurement and thermodynamic reoptimization, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 621, 287-294 (2015).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19342200309 Friedrich Weibke, Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Kupfer–Gallium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 220, 293-311 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1934.0014 William Hume-Rothery, Gilbert, W. Mabbott, K. M. Channel Evans, The freezing points, melting points, and solid solubility limits of the alloys of sliver and copper with the elements of the b sub-groups, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical or Physical Character 233, 1-97 (1934).
cited as the source of values for this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}