Cu–Mn phases

6 phases (tier A 5, liquid 1); 5 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Cu–Mn system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Cu–Mn system (6)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
BCC_A2 phase:cu-mn:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 1368.13–2484 K, x(Mn) 0.84894–1	6	3
CBCC_A12 phase:cu-mn:cbcc-a12	alpha-Mn · A12 · cI58 · I-43m (217)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 300–993.32 K, x(Mn) 0.98548–1	11	3
CUB_A13 phase:cu-mn:cub-a13	beta-Mn · A13 · cP20 · P4_132 (213)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 976.54–1404.99 K, x(Mn) 0.84–1	7	3
FCC_A1 phase:cu-mn:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 300–1411.01 K, x(Mn) 0–1	27	3
HCP_A3 phase:cu-mn:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 3 calculated diagram(s)	0	3
LIQUID phase:cu-mn:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 1143.67–2500 K, x(Mn) 0–1	12	3

BCC_A2 (Cu–Mn)

Id: phase:cu-mn:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 1368.13–2484 K, x(Mn) 0.84894–1
Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-mn:bcc-a2
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041:BCC_A2, paper:10.1016/s0364-5916(03)00035-x:bcc
tdb: tdb:CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuMn-07Wan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuMn-08He.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (3): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 9a63b9bd45d2e41a…

30: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
31: CONST BCC_A2 : CU MN% : VA : !

CuMn-07Wan.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 75738f0838950981…

34: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
35: CONST BCC_A2 : CU MN% : VA : !

CuMn-08He.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 fff8bb27170f55ce…

36: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
37: CONST BCC_A2 : CU MN% : VA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041 Cuiyun He, Yong Du, Hai-Lin Chen, Shuhong Liu, Honghui Xu, Yifang Ouyang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn system supported by key experiments, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 457, 233-238 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(03)00035-X J. Miettinen, Calphad, 27, 103-14(2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.018 C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Mn–X (X: Fe, Co) systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 438, 129-141 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1957.0004 A. Hellawell, William Hume-Rothery, The constitution of alloys of iron and manganese with transition elements of the first long period, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 249, 417-459 (1957).
cited as the source of values for this phase

CBCC_A12 (Cu–Mn)

Id: phase:cu-mn:cbcc-a12; status assigned
Structure: alpha-Mn · A12 · cI58 · I-43m (217); type st:a12-alpha-mn-ci58; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 300–993.32 K, x(Mn) 0.98548–1
Literature: 11 values (11 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-mn:cbcc-a12
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041:CBCC_A12, paper:10.1016/s0364-5916(03)00035-x:cbcc
tdb: tdb:CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb:CBCC_A12, tdb:CuMn-07Wan.tdb:CBCC_A12, tdb:CuMn-08He.tdb:CBCC_A12

TDB models of CBCC_A12 (3): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb: CBCC_A12, type code %A, sha256 9a63b9bd45d2e41a…

40: PHASE CBCC_A12 %A 2 1 1 !
41: CONST CBCC_A12 : CU MN% : VA : !

CuMn-07Wan.tdb: CBCC_A12, type code %A, sha256 75738f0838950981…

44: PHASE CBCC_A12 %A 2 1 1 !
45: CONST CBCC_A12 : CU MN% : VA : !

CuMn-08He.tdb: CBCC_A12, type code %A, sha256 fff8bb27170f55ce…

46: PHASE CBCC_A12 %A 2 1 1 !
47: CONST CBCC_A12 : CU MN% : VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041 Cuiyun He, Yong Du, Hai-Lin Chen, Shuhong Liu, Honghui Xu, Yifang Ouyang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn system supported by key experiments, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 457, 233-238 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(03)00035-X J. Miettinen, Calphad, 27, 103-14(2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.018 C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Mn–X (X: Fe, Co) systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 438, 129-141 (2007).
assessment that models this phase

CUB_A13 (Cu–Mn)

Id: phase:cu-mn:cub-a13; status assigned
Structure: beta-Mn · A13 · cP20 · P4_132 (213); type st:a13-beta-mn-cp20; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 976.54–1404.99 K, x(Mn) 0.84–1
Literature: 7 values (7 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-mn:cub-a13
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041:CUB_A13, paper:10.1016/s0364-5916(03)00035-x:cub
tdb: tdb:CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb:CUB_A13, tdb:CuMn-07Wan.tdb:CUB_A13, tdb:CuMn-08He.tdb:CUB_A13

TDB models of CUB_A13 (3): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb: CUB_A13, type code %, sha256 9a63b9bd45d2e41a…

45: PHASE CUB_A13 % 2 1 1 !
46: CONST CUB_A13 : CU MN% : VA : !

CuMn-07Wan.tdb: CUB_A13, type code %, sha256 75738f0838950981…

49: PHASE CUB_A13 % 2 1 1 !
50: CONST CUB_A13 : CU MN% : VA : !

CuMn-08He.tdb: CUB_A13, type code %, sha256 fff8bb27170f55ce…

51: PHASE CUB_A13 % 2 1 1 !
52: CONST CUB_A13 : CU MN% : VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041 Cuiyun He, Yong Du, Hai-Lin Chen, Shuhong Liu, Honghui Xu, Yifang Ouyang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn system supported by key experiments, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 457, 233-238 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(03)00035-X J. Miettinen, Calphad, 27, 103-14(2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.018 C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Mn–X (X: Fe, Co) systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 438, 129-141 (2007).
assessment that models this phase

FCC_A1 (Cu–Mn)

Id: phase:cu-mn:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 300–1411.01 K, x(Mn) 0–1
Literature: 27 values (27 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (7): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-mn:fcc-a1
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041:FCC_A1, paper:10.1016/s0364-5916(03)00035-x:Fcc, paper:10.1016/s0364-5916(03)00035-x:fcc
tdb: tdb:CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuMn-07Wan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuMn-08He.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (3): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 9a63b9bd45d2e41a…

25: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
26: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% MN% : VA : !

CuMn-07Wan.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 75738f0838950981…

29: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
30: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% MN% : VA : !

CuMn-08He.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 fff8bb27170f55ce…

31: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
32: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% MN% : VA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041 Cuiyun He, Yong Du, Hai-Lin Chen, Shuhong Liu, Honghui Xu, Yifang Ouyang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn system supported by key experiments, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 457, 233-238 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(03)00035-X J. Miettinen, Calphad, 27, 103-14(2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.018 C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Mn–X (X: Fe, Co) systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 438, 129-141 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1957.0004 A. Hellawell, William Hume-Rothery, The constitution of alloys of iron and manganese with transition elements of the first long period, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 249, 417-459 (1957).
cited as the source of values for this phase

HCP_A3 (Cu–Mn)

Id: phase:cu-mn:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 3 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-mn:hcp-a3
tdb: tdb:CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuMn-07Wan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuMn-08He.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (3): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 9a63b9bd45d2e41a…

35: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
36: CONST HCP_A3 : CU MN : VA : !

CuMn-07Wan.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 75738f0838950981…

39: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
40: CONST HCP_A3 : CU MN : VA : !

CuMn-08He.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 fff8bb27170f55ce…

41: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
42: CONST HCP_A3 : CU MN : VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.018 C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Mn–X (X: Fe, Co) systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 438, 129-141 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041 Cuiyun He, Yong Du, Hai-Lin Chen, Shuhong Liu, Honghui Xu, Yifang Ouyang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn system supported by key experiments, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 457, 233-238 (2008).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(03)00035-X J. Miettinen, Calphad, 27, 103-14(2003).
assessment that models this phase

LIQUID (Cu–Mn)

Id: phase:cu-mn:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 3 of 3 calculated diagram(s): 1143.67–2500 K, x(Mn) 0–1
Literature: 12 values (12 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:cu-mn:liquid
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041:Liquid, paper:10.1016/s0364-5916(03)00035-x:Liq
tdb: tdb:CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuMn-07Wan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuMn-08He.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (3): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

CuMn-03Mie-LB.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 9a63b9bd45d2e41a…

20: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
21: CONST LIQUID:L : CU MN : !

CuMn-07Wan.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 75738f0838950981…

24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
25: CONST LIQUID:L : CU MN : !

CuMn-08He.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 fff8bb27170f55ce…

26: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
27: CONST LIQUID:L : CU MN : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.041 Cuiyun He, Yong Du, Hai-Lin Chen, Shuhong Liu, Honghui Xu, Yifang Ouyang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Cu–Mn system supported by key experiments, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 457, 233-238 (2008).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(03)00035-X J. Miettinen, Calphad, 27, 103-14(2003).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.018 C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Mn–X (X: Fe, Co) systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 438, 129-141 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1098/rsta.1957.0004 A. Hellawell, William Hume-Rothery, The constitution of alloys of iron and manganese with transition elements of the first long period, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 249, 417-459 (1957).
cited as the source of values for this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}