# Cu–Ti phases > Cu–Ti system: 11 phases (tier A 5, tier B 1, tier C 4, liquid 1); 11 stable in a calculated diagram in the ORCHID phase registry, with names, structure type when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules, calculated stability, verbatim TDB PHASE/CONSTITUENT statements and example references. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CU-TI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CU-TI.md 11 phases (tier A 5, tier B 1, tier C 4, liquid 1); 11 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model). Data: [interactive registry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/?q=CU-TI) · [full JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/systems/CU-TI.json) · [Cu–Ti system page](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-TI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CU-TI.md) · [field reference](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md) Table: Phases of the Cu–Ti system (11) | Phase | Structure | Basis | Stability (calculated) | Literature values | TDB models | |---|---|---|---|---:|---:| | [BCC_A2](#phase-cu-ti-bcc-a2); _phase:cu-ti:bcc-a2_ | W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 1061.14–2499.99 K, x(Ti) 0.84061–1 | 13 | 6 | | [CU2TI](#phase-cu-ti-cu2ti); _phase:cu-ti:cu2ti_ | Au2V · oC12 · Cmcm (63) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 1138.25–1171.98 K, x(Ti) 0.33333–0.33333 | 24 | 5 | | [CU3TI2](#phase-cu-ti-cu3ti2); _phase:cu-ti:cu3ti2_ | Cu3Ti2 · tP10 · P4/nmm (129) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1167.28 K, x(Ti) 0.4–0.4 | 14 | 5 | | [CU4TI](#phase-cu-ti-cu4ti); _phase:cu-ti:cu4ti_ | Au4Zr · oP20 · Pnma (62) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1177.56 K, x(Ti) 0.17531–0.22567 | 31 | 6 | | [CU4TI3](#phase-cu-ti-cu4ti3); _phase:cu-ti:cu4ti3_ | Cu4Ti3 · tI14 · I4/mmm (139) | tier B: DFT-supported (unique MP + OQMD match) | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1207.57 K, x(Ti) 0.42857–0.42857 | 20 | 6 | | [CUTI_B11](#phase-cu-ti-cuti-b11); _phase:cu-ti:cuti-b11_ | CuTi-gamma · B11 · tP4 · P4/nmm (129) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1258.25 K, x(Ti) 0.48265–0.51733 | 21 | 6 | | [CUTI2](#phase-cu-ti-cuti2); _phase:cu-ti:cuti2_ | CuZr2 · tI6 · I4/mmm (139) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1281.91 K, x(Ti) 0.66667–0.66667 | 29 | 6 | | [CUTI3_L60](#phase-cu-ti-cuti3-l60); _phase:cu-ti:cuti3-l60_ | CuTi3 · L6_0 · tP4 · P4/mmm (123) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1176.15 K, x(Ti) 0.75004–0.77786 | 0 | 1 | | [FCC_A1](#phase-cu-ti-fcc-a1); _phase:cu-ti:fcc-a1_ | Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1388.77 K, x(Ti) 0–0.07865 | 7 | 6 | | [HCP_A3](#phase-cu-ti-hcp-a3); _phase:cu-ti:hcp-a3_ | Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–2499.99 K, x(Ti) 0.98237–1 | 8 | 6 | | [LIQUID](#phase-cu-ti-liquid); _phase:cu-ti:liquid_ | liquid | liquid | stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 1089.69–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–1 | 50 | 6 | ## BCC_A2 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:bcc-a2`; status `assigned` - Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type `st:a2-w-ci2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 1061.14–2499.99 K, x(Ti) 0.84061–1 - Literature: 13 values (13 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:bcc-a2) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:bcc-a2 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:(βTi) _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:BCC_A2 ### TDB models of BCC_A2 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 36: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 37: CONST BCC_A2 : CU TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 39: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 ! 40: CONST BCC_A2 : CU TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 34: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 ! 35: CONST BCC_A2 : CU TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 31: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 ! 32: CONST BCC_A2 : CU TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 34: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 35: CONST BCC_A2 : CU TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 35: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 ! 36: CONST BCC_A2 : CU TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (9 of 9; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf01389606](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01389606) V. E. Oliker, A. A. Mamonova, T. I. Shaposhnikova, Structure and phase composition of the Ti-Cu diffusion zone, Powder Metall Met Ceram 35, 173-175 (1996). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CU2TI (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cu2ti`; status `assigned` - Structure: Au2V · oC12 · Cmcm (63); type `st:au2v-oc12`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Cu 0.6667, Ti 0.3333 - Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 1138.25–1171.98 K, x(Ti) 0.33333–0.33333 - Literature: 24 values (24 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cu2ti) Names (7): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cu2ti _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:Cu2Ti _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CU2TI, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:CU2TI, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:CU2TI, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:CU2TI, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:CU2TI ### TDB models of CU2TI (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CU2TI, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 53: PHASE CU2TI % 2 2 1 ! 54: CONST CU2TI : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): CU2TI, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 56: PHASE CU2TI % 2 2 1 ! 57: CONST CU2TI : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): CU2TI, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 51: PHASE CU2TI % 2 2 1 ! 52: CONST CU2TI : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): CU2TI, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 48: PHASE CU2TI % 2 2 1 ! 49: CONST CU2TI : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): CU2TI, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 52: PHASE CU2TI % 2 2 1 ! 53: CONST CU2TI : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (8 of 8; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00775543](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00775543) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, S. B. Prima, Phase diagram of the system titanium-copper, Powder Metall Met Ceram 5, 494-502 (1966). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CU3TI2 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cu3ti2`; status `assigned` - Structure: Cu3Ti2 · tP10 · P4/nmm (129); type `st:cu3ti2-tp10`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Cu 0.6000, Ti 0.4000 - Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1167.28 K, x(Ti) 0.4–0.4 - Literature: 14 values (14 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cu3ti2) Names (7): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cu3ti2 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:Cu3Ti2 _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CU3TI2, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:CU3TI2, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:CU3TI2, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:CU3TI2, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:CU3TI2 ### TDB models of CU3TI2 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CU3TI2, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 58: PHASE CU3TI2 % 2 3 2 ! 59: CONST CU3TI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): CU3TI2, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 61: PHASE CU3TI2 % 2 3 2 ! 62: CONST CU3TI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): CU3TI2, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 56: PHASE CU3TI2 % 2 3 2 ! 57: CONST CU3TI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): CU3TI2, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 53: PHASE CU3TI2 % 2 3 2 ! 54: CONST CU3TI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): CU3TI2, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 57: PHASE CU3TI2 % 2 3 2 ! 58: CONST CU3TI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (9 of 9; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00775543](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00775543) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, S. B. Prima, Phase diagram of the system titanium-copper, Powder Metall Met Ceram 5, 494-502 (1966). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(78)90031-7](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2878%2990031-7) L. Kaufman, “Coupled phase diagrams and thermochemical data for transition metal binary systems-III,” CALPHAD, 2, No. 2, 117–146 (1978). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CU4TI (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cu4ti`; status `assigned` - Structure: Au4Zr · oP20 · Pnma (62); type `st:au4zr-op20`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_structure_token, off_stoichiometric_model); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1177.56 K, x(Ti) 0.17531–0.22567 - Literature: 31 values (31 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cu4ti) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cu4ti _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:Cu4Ti _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CU4TI, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:CU4TI, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:CU4TI, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:CU4TI, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:CU4TI, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:CU4TI ### TDB models of CU4TI (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CU4TI, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 48: PHASE CU4TI % 2 4 1 ! 49: CONST CU4TI : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): CU4TI, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 51: PHASE CU4TI % 2 4 1 ! 52: CONST CU4TI : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): CU4TI, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 46: PHASE CU4TI % 2 4 1 ! 47: CONST CU4TI : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): CU4TI, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 43: PHASE CU4TI % 2 4 1 ! 44: CONST CU4TI : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): CU4TI, type code %, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 46: PHASE CU4TI % 2 4 1 ! 47: CONST CU4TI : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): CU4TI, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 47: PHASE CU4TI % 2 4 1 ! 48: CONST CU4TI : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ Example references (10 of 11; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf02667755](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02667755) O. J. Kleppa, Shunroku Watanabe, Thermochemistry of alloys of transition metals: Part III. Copper-Silver, -Titanium, Zirconium, and -Hafnium at 1373 K, Metall Trans B 13, 391-401 (1982). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00775543](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00775543) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, S. B. Prima, Phase diagram of the system titanium-copper, Powder Metall Met Ceram 5, 494-502 (1966). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CU4TI3 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cu4ti3`; status `assigned` - Structure: Cu4Ti3 · tI14 · I4/mmm (139); type `st:cu4ti3-ti14`; tier B: DFT-supported (unique MP + OQMD match); confidence high - Stoichiometry: Cu 0.5714, Ti 0.4286 - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1207.57 K, x(Ti) 0.42857–0.42857 - Literature: 20 values (20 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cu4ti3) Names (10): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cu4ti3 _mp: _mp:mp-aaaaadxr _oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-29825 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:Cu4Ti3 _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CU4TI3, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:CU4TI3, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:CU4TI3, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:CU4TI3, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:CU4TI3, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:CU4TI3 ### TDB models of CU4TI3 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CU4TI3, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 63: PHASE CU4TI3 % 2 4 3 ! 64: CONST CU4TI3 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): CU4TI3, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 66: PHASE CU4TI3 % 2 4 3 ! 67: CONST CU4TI3 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): CU4TI3, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 61: PHASE CU4TI3 % 2 4 3 ! 62: CONST CU4TI3 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): CU4TI3, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 58: PHASE CU4TI3 % 2 4 3 ! 59: CONST CU4TI3 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): CU4TI3, type code %, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 51: PHASE CU4TI3 % 2 4 3 ! 52: CONST CU4TI3 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): CU4TI3, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 62: PHASE CU4TI3 % 2 4 3 ! 63: CONST CU4TI3 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (10 of 10; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00775543](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00775543) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, S. B. Prima, Phase diagram of the system titanium-copper, Powder Metall Met Ceram 5, 494-502 (1966). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(78)90031-7](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2878%2990031-7) L. Kaufman, “Coupled phase diagrams and thermochemical data for transition metal binary systems-III,” CALPHAD, 2, No. 2, 117–146 (1978). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CUTI_B11 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cuti-b11`; status `assigned` - Structure: CuTi-gamma · B11 · tP4 · P4/nmm (129); type `st:b11-cuti-gamma-tp4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1258.25 K, x(Ti) 0.48265–0.51733 - Literature: 21 values (21 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cuti-b11) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cuti-b11 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:CuTi _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CUTI_B11, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:CUTI_B11, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:CUTI_B11, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:CUTI_B11, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:CUTI_B11, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:CUTI_B11 ### TDB models of CUTI_B11 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CUTI_B11, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 68: PHASE CUTI_B11 % 2 1 1 ! 69: CONST CUTI_B11 : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): CUTI_B11, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 71: PHASE CUTI_B11 % 2 1 1 ! 72: CONST CUTI_B11 : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): CUTI_B11, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 66: PHASE CUTI_B11 % 2 1 1 ! 67: CONST CUTI_B11 : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): CUTI_B11, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 63: PHASE CUTI_B11 % 2 1 1 ! 64: CONST CUTI_B11 : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): CUTI_B11, type code %, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 56: PHASE CUTI_B11 % 2 1 1 ! 57: CONST CUTI_B11 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): CUTI_B11, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 67: PHASE CUTI_B11 % 2 1 1 ! 68: CONST CUTI_B11 : CU% TI : CU TI% : ! ~~~~ Example references (8 of 8; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CUTI2 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cuti2`; status `assigned` - Structure: CuZr2 · tI6 · I4/mmm (139); type `st:cuzr2-ti6`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (dft_space_group_139_matches_5_structure_types, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Cu 0.3333, Ti 0.6667 - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1281.91 K, x(Ti) 0.66667–0.66667 - Literature: 29 values (29 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cuti2) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cuti2 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:CuTi2 _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CUTI2, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:CUTI2, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:CUTI2, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:CUTI2, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:CUTI2, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:CUTI2 ### TDB models of CUTI2 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CUTI2, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 73: PHASE CUTI2 % 2 1 2 ! 74: CONST CUTI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): CUTI2, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 76: PHASE CUTI2 % 2 1 2 ! 77: CONST CUTI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): CUTI2, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 71: PHASE CUTI2 % 2 1 2 ! 72: CONST CUTI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): CUTI2, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 68: PHASE CUTI2 % 2 1 2 ! 69: CONST CUTI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): CUTI2, type code %, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 61: PHASE CUTI2 % 2 1 2 ! 62: CONST CUTI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): CUTI2, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 72: PHASE CUTI2 % 2 1 2 ! 73: CONST CUTI2 : CU : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (10 of 12; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf01389606](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01389606) V. E. Oliker, A. A. Mamonova, T. I. Shaposhnikova, Structure and phase composition of the Ti-Cu diffusion zone, Powder Metall Met Ceram 35, 173-175 (1996). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00278149](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00278149) T. Yamane, S. Nakajima, H. Araki, Y. Minamino, S. Saji, J. Takahashi et al., Partial phase diagrams of the titanium-rich region of the Ti-Cu system under high pressure, J Mater Sci Lett 13, 162-164 (1994). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## CUTI3_L60 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:cuti3-l60`; status `assigned` - Structure: CuTi3 · L6_0 · tP4 · P4/mmm (123); type `st:l6-0-cuti3-tp4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1176.15 K, x(Ti) 0.75004–0.77786 - Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:cuti3-l60) Names (2): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:cuti3-l60 _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:CUTI3_L60 ### TDB models of CUTI3_L60 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): CUTI3_L60, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 78: PHASE CUTI3_L60 % 2 1 3 ! 79: CONST CUTI3_L60 : CU% TI : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (1 of 1; assessments first): - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ ## FCC_A1 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:fcc-a1`; status `assigned` - Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type `st:a1-cu-cf4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–1388.77 K, x(Ti) 0–0.07865 - Literature: 7 values (7 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:fcc-a1) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:fcc-a1 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:(Cu) _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:FCC_A1 ### TDB models of FCC_A1 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 31: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 32: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% TI : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 34: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 ! 35: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% TI : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 29: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 ! 30: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% TI : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 26: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 ! 27: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% TI : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 29: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 30: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% TI : VA : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 30: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 ! 31: CONST FCC_A1 : CU% TI : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (8 of 8; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## HCP_A3 (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:hcp-a3`; status `assigned` - Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type `st:a3-mg-hp2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 300–2499.99 K, x(Ti) 0.98237–1 - Literature: 8 values (8 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:hcp-a3) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:hcp-a3 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:(αTi) _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:HCP_A3 ### TDB models of HCP_A3 (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 41: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 ! 42: CONST HCP_A3 : CU TI% : VA: ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 44: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 ! 45: CONST HCP_A3 : CU TI% : VA: ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 39: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 ! 40: CONST HCP_A3 : CU TI% : VA: ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 36: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 ! 37: CONST HCP_A3 : CU TI% : VA: ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 39: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 ! 40: CONST HCP_A3 : CU TI% : VA: ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 40: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 ! 41: CONST HCP_A3 : CU TI% : VA: ! ~~~~ Example references (9 of 9; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf01389606](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01389606) V. E. Oliker, A. A. Mamonova, T. I. Shaposhnikova, Structure and phase composition of the Ti-Cu diffusion zone, Powder Metall Met Ceram 35, 173-175 (1996). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## LIQUID (Cu–Ti) - Id: `phase:cu-ti:liquid`; status `assigned` - Structure: liquid; type `st:liquid`; liquid; confidence high - Stability: stable in 6 of 6 calculated diagram(s): 1089.69–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–1 - Literature: 50 values (50 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:cu-ti:liquid) Names (8): _corpus: _corpus:phase:cu-ti:liquid _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2:L _tdb: _tdb:CuTi-02Can.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuTi-08Tur.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuTi-11Wan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuTi-23Yan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuTi-85Sau.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb:LIQUID ### TDB models of LIQUID (6): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [CuTi-02Can.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-02Can.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `7a0d7d4eccef16ec…` ~~~~text 26: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 27: CONST LIQUID:L : CU TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-08Tur.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-08Tur.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `1a8c1bd85f7576fd…` ~~~~text 29: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 30: CONST LIQUID:L : CU CUTI CUTI2 TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-11Wan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-11Wan.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `45e2d0adcc79305c…` ~~~~text 24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 25: CONST LIQUID:L : CU TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-23Yan.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-23Yan.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `02e937d6842105d3…` ~~~~text 21: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 22: CONST LIQUID:L : CU TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-85Sau.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-85Sau.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `6adc4ae0f5e60266…` ~~~~text 24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 25: CONST LIQUID:L : CU TI : ! ~~~~ [CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuTi-96Har-LB.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `d723e9e282278e3e…` ~~~~text 25: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 26: CONST LIQUID:L : CU TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (10 of 10; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11106-008-9026-2) M. A. Turchanin, P. G. Agraval, A. R. Abdulov, Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Ti-Zr system. I. Cu-Ti system, Powder Metall Met Ceram 47, 344-360 (2008). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(85)90001-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2885%2990001-X) N. Saunders, Calphad, 9, 297-309(1985). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006) Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102594) H. Yang, B. Zeng, H. Wang, H. Jin, C. Zhou, Calphad, 82, 102594(2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1996-870811) K.C. Hari Kumar, I. Ansara, P. Wollants, L. Delaey, Z. Metallkd., 87, 666-72(1996). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050](https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2002-0050) P. Canale, C. Servant, Z. Metallkd., 93, 273-76(2002). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1002/pssa.2210520121](https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2210520121) R. C. Ecob, J. V. Bee, B. Ralph, The structure of the β-phase in dilute copper–titanium alloys, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 52, 201-210 (1979). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00796511](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00796511) V. N. Eremenko, Yu. I. Buyanov, N. M. Panchenko, Polythermal and isothermal sections of the system titanium-copper-silver. Part II, Powder Metall Met Ceram 9, 410-414 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf00278149](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00278149) T. Yamane, S. Nakajima, H. Araki, Y. Minamino, S. Saji, J. Takahashi et al., Partial phase diagrams of the titanium-rich region of the Ti-Cu system under high pressure, J Mater Sci Lett 13, 162-164 (1994). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf01389606](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01389606) V. E. Oliker, A. A. Mamonova, T. I. Shaposhnikova, Structure and phase composition of the Ti-Cu diffusion zone, Powder Metall Met Ceram 35, 173-175 (1996). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite the ORCHID phase registry and the sources named on the page (TDB assessments, Hallstedt 2025, Materials Project, OQMD). TDB statements are quoted as written; parameter expressions are not reproduced. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt).