Ge–Lu phases

12 phases (tier A 5, tier C 2, liquid 1, needs_review 4); 10 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Ge–Lu system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Ge–Lu system (12)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	TDB models
DIAMOND_A4 phase:ge-lu:a4-diamond	C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Lu) 0–0	1
BCC_A2 phase:ge-lu:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)	1
FCC_A1 phase:ge-lu:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)	1
GE10LU11 phase:ge-lu:ge10lu11	Ge10Ho11 · tI84 · I4/mmm (139)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1983.62 K, x(Lu) 0.52381–0.52381	1
GE2LU_C49 phase:ge-lu:ge2lu-c49		needs_review	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1332.43 K, x(Lu) 0.358–0.358	1
GE3LU2_ALPHA phase:ge-lu:ge3lu2-alpha		needs_review	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1313.04 K, x(Lu) 0.4–0.4	1
GE3LU2_C32 phase:ge-lu:ge3lu2-c32		needs_review	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1313.04–1610 K, x(Lu) 0.4–0.4	1
GE3LU5_D88 phase:ge-lu:ge3lu5-d88	Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2316.79 K, x(Lu) 0.625–0.625	1
GE4LU5 phase:ge-lu:ge4lu5	Ge4Sm5 · oP36 · Pnma (62)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1937.72–2208.64 K, x(Lu) 0.55556–0.55556	1
GE5LU4 phase:ge-lu:ge5lu4		needs_review	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1582.95 K, x(Lu) 0.44444–0.44444	1
HCP_A3 phase:ge-lu:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2499.75 K, x(Lu) 1–1	1
LIQUID phase:ge-lu:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1135.25–2500 K, x(Lu) 0–1	1

DIAMOND_A4 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:a4-diamond; status assigned
Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type st:a4-c-diamond-cf8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Lu) 0–0
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:a4-diamond
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:DIAMOND_A4

TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

47: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
48: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

BCC_A2 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:bcc-a2
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

37: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
38: CONST BCC_A2 : GE : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

FCC_A1 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:fcc-a1
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

32: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
33: CONST FCC_A1 : GE : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE10LU11 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge10lu11; status assigned
Structure: Ge10Ho11 · tI84 · I4/mmm (139); type st:ge10ho11-ti84; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_oqmd, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.4762, Lu 0.5238
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1983.62 K, x(Lu) 0.52381–0.52381
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge10lu11
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE10LU11

TDB models of GE10LU11 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE10LU11, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

72: PHASE GE10LU11 % 2 10 11 !
73: CONST GE10LU11 : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE2LU_C49 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge2lu-c49; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: assessment_declared_blocked_by:stoichiometry_contradicts_C49; stoichiometry_contradicts_C49:GeLu-18Ach.tdb
Candidate (name_token): ZrSi2 · C49 · oC12 · Cmcm (63) — Strukturbericht/word 'C49' in the TDB name
Candidate (sgte_mmc2): ZrSi2 · C49 · oC12 · Cmcm (63) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE2LU_C49: Ge2Lu
Candidate (tdb_comment): Si2Zr · oC12 · Cmcm — GeLu-18Ach.tdb: 'Prototype Si2Zr (oC12, Cmcm)'
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6420, Lu 0.3580
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1332.43 K, x(Lu) 0.358–0.358
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge2lu-c49
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE2LU_C49

TDB models of GE2LU_C49 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE2LU_C49, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

52: PHASE GE2LU_C49 % 2 0.642 0.358 !
53: CONST GE2LU_C49 : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE3LU2_ALPHA (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge3lu2-alpha; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: no_structure_token; polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition; sgte_mmc2_row_incomplete
Candidate (sgte_mmc2): (Ge3Lu2-LT) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE3LU2_ALPHA: Ge3Lu2 (low T)
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6000, Lu 0.4000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1313.04 K, x(Lu) 0.4–0.4
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge3lu2-alpha
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE3LU2_ALPHA

TDB models of GE3LU2_ALPHA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE3LU2_ALPHA, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

57: PHASE GE3LU2_ALPHA % 2 3 2 !
58: CONST GE3LU2_ALPHA : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE3LU2_C32 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge3lu2-c32; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: assessment_declared_blocked_by:stoichiometry_contradicts_C32; stoichiometry_contradicts_C32:GeLu-18Ach.tdb
Candidate (name_token): AlB2 · C32 · hP3 · P6/mmm (191) — Strukturbericht/word 'C32' in the TDB name
Candidate (sgte_mmc2): AlB2 · C32 · hP3 · P6/mmm (191) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE3LU2_C32: Ge3Lu2 (high T)
Candidate (tdb_comment): AlB2 · hP3 · P6/mmm — GeLu-18Ach.tdb: 'Prototype AlB2 (hP3, P6/mmm)'
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6000, Lu 0.4000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1313.04–1610 K, x(Lu) 0.4–0.4
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge3lu2-c32
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE3LU2_C32

TDB models of GE3LU2_C32 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE3LU2_C32, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

62: PHASE GE3LU2_C32 % 2 3 2 !
63: CONST GE3LU2_C32 : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE3LU5_D88 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge3lu5-d88; status assigned
Structure: Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193); type st:d8-8-mn5si3-hp16; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaackycb and oqmd-30459, space group 193
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.3750, Lu 0.6250
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2316.79 K, x(Lu) 0.625–0.625
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge3lu5-d88
mp: mp:mp-aaackycb
oqmd: oqmd:oqmd-30459
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE3LU5_D88

TDB models of GE3LU5_D88 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE3LU5_D88, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

82: PHASE GE3LU5_D88 % 2 3 5 !
83: CONST GE3LU5_D88 : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE4LU5 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge4lu5; status assigned
Structure: Ge4Sm5 · oP36 · Pnma (62); type st:ge4sm5-op36; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (dft_space_group_62_matches_2_structure_types, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.4444, Lu 0.5556
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1937.72–2208.64 K, x(Lu) 0.55556–0.55556
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge4lu5
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE4LU5

TDB models of GE4LU5 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE4LU5, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

77: PHASE GE4LU5 % 2 4 5 !
78: CONST GE4LU5 : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

GE5LU4 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:ge5lu4; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: no_on_hull_entry_in_both; no_structure_token; sgte_mmc2_row_incomplete
Candidate (sgte_mmc2): (Ge5Lu4) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE5LU4: Ge5Lu4
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.5556, Lu 0.4444
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1582.95 K, x(Lu) 0.44444–0.44444
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:ge5lu4
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:GE5LU4

TDB models of GE5LU4 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: GE5LU4, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

67: PHASE GE5LU4 % 2 5 4 !
68: CONST GE5LU4 : GE : LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

HCP_A3 (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2499.75 K, x(Lu) 1–1
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:hcp-a3
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

42: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
43: CONST HCP_A3 : GE LU% : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

LIQUID (Ge–Lu)

Id: phase:ge-lu:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1135.25–2500 K, x(Lu) 0–1
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-lu:liquid
tdb: tdb:GeLu-18Ach.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeLu-18Ach.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 77ad7160d0fe8a37…

27: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
28: CONST LIQUID:L : GE LU : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.05.001 K. Achgar, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, R. Tamim, H. Azza, L. Bouirden, Calphad, 62, 18-29(2018).
assessment that models this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}