Ge–Se phases

11 phases (tier A 7, tier C 3, liquid 1); 8 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Ge–Se system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Ge–Se system (11)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
DIAMOND_A4 phase:ge-se:a4-diamond	C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Se) 0–0	0	1
HEXAGONAL_A8 phase:ge-se:a8-hexagonal	gamma-Se · A8 · hP3 · P3_121 (152)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–494 K, x(Se) 1–1	0	1
BCC_A2 phase:ge-se:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)	0	1
FCC_A1 phase:ge-se:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)	0	1
GE3SE7 phase:ge-se:ge3se7	Ge4Se9 · oP52 · Pca2_1 (29)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–653.06 K, x(Se) 0.7–0.7	2	1
GESE_B1 phase:ge-se:gese-b1	NaCl · B1 · cF8 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 930.58–956.23 K, x(Se) 0.5–0.5	0	1
GESE_B16 phase:ge-se:gese-b16	GeS · B16 · oP8 · Pnma (62)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–930.58 K, x(Se) 0.5–0.5	0	1
GESE2_ALPHA phase:ge-se:gese2-alpha	GeS2-beta · mP48 · P2_1/c (14)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–420 K, x(Se) 0.66667–0.66667	0	1
GESE2_BETA phase:ge-se:gese2-beta	GeSe2 · tI12 · I-4 (82)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 420–1027.17 K, x(Se) 0.66667–0.66667	0	1
HCP_A3 phase:ge-se:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)	0	1
LIQUID phase:ge-se:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 469.66–2500 K, x(Se) 0–1	0	1

DIAMOND_A4 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:a4-diamond; status assigned
Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type st:a4-c-diamond-cf8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Se) 0–0
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:a4-diamond
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:DIAMOND_A4

TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

50: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
51: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

HEXAGONAL_A8 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:a8-hexagonal; status assigned
Structure: gamma-Se · A8 · hP3 · P3_121 (152); type st:a8-gamma-se-hp3; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Se 1.0000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–494 K, x(Se) 1–1
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:a8-hexagonal
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:HEXAGONAL_A8

TDB models of HEXAGONAL_A8 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: HEXAGONAL_A8, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

55: PHASE HEXAGONAL_A8 % 1 1 !
56: CONST HEXAGONAL_A8 : SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

BCC_A2 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:bcc-a2
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

40: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
41: CONST BCC_A2 : GE : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

FCC_A1 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:fcc-a1
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

35: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
36: CONST FCC_A1 : GE : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

GE3SE7 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:ge3se7; status assigned
Structure: Ge4Se9 · oP52 · Pca2_1 (29); type st:ge4se9-op52; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.3000, Se 0.7000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–653.06 K, x(Se) 0.7–0.7
Literature: 2 values (2 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:ge3se7
paper: paper:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1:Ge3Se7
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:GE3SE7

TDB models of GE3SE7 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: GE3SE7, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

80: PHASE GE3SE7 % 2 3 7 !
81: CONST GE3SE7 : GE : SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase

GESE_B1 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:gese-b1; status assigned
Structure: NaCl · B1 · cF8 · Fm-3m (225); type st:b1-nacl-cf8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.5000, Se 0.5000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 930.58–956.23 K, x(Se) 0.5–0.5
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:gese-b1
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:GESE_B1

TDB models of GESE_B1 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: GESE_B1, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

65: PHASE GESE_B1 % 2 1 1 !
66: CONST GESE_B1 : GE : SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

GESE_B16 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:gese-b16; status assigned
Structure: GeS · B16 · oP8 · Pnma (62); type st:b16-ges-op8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.5000, Se 0.5000
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–930.58 K, x(Se) 0.5–0.5
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:gese-b16
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:GESE_B16

TDB models of GESE_B16 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: GESE_B16, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

60: PHASE GESE_B16 % 2 1 1 !
61: CONST GESE_B16 : GE : SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

GESE2_ALPHA (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:gese2-alpha; status assigned
Structure: GeS2-beta · mP48 · P2_1/c (14); type st:ges2-beta-mp48; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_structure_token, polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.3333, Se 0.6667
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–420 K, x(Se) 0.66667–0.66667
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:gese2-alpha
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:GESE2_ALPHA

TDB models of GESE2_ALPHA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: GESE2_ALPHA, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

70: PHASE GESE2_ALPHA % 2 1 2 !
71: CONST GESE2_ALPHA : GE : SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

GESE2_BETA (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:gese2-beta; status assigned
Structure: GeSe2 · tI12 · I-4 (82); type st:gese2-ti12; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_structure_token, polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Ge 0.3333, Se 0.6667
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 420–1027.17 K, x(Se) 0.66667–0.66667
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:gese2-beta
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:GESE2_BETA

TDB models of GESE2_BETA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: GESE2_BETA, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

75: PHASE GESE2_BETA % 2 1 2 !
76: CONST GESE2_BETA : GE : SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

HCP_A3 (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:hcp-a3
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

45: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
46: CONST HCP_A3 : GE : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

LIQUID (Ge–Se)

Id: phase:ge-se:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 469.66–2500 K, x(Se) 0–1
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-se:liquid
tdb: tdb:GeSe-22Che.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeSe-22Che.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 04b410a9a7212717…

30: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
31: CONST LIQUID:L : GE GESE2 SE : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09474-1 Shanxiong Chen, Jiong Wang, Shangzhao Yu, Biao Hu, Qing Wu, Yong Du, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ge-X (X = As, Se, S, P) Systems, J. Electron. Mater. 51, 2114-2130 (2022).
assessment that models this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}