# Ge–Ti phases > Ge–Ti system: 9 phases (tier A 6, tier C 2, liquid 1); 8 stable in a calculated diagram in the ORCHID phase registry, with names, structure type when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules, calculated stability, verbatim TDB PHASE/CONSTITUENT statements and example references. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GE-TI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GE-TI.md 9 phases (tier A 6, tier C 2, liquid 1); 8 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model). Data: [interactive registry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/?q=GE-TI) · [full JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/systems/GE-TI.json) · [Ge–Ti system page](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GE-TI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GE-TI.md) · [field reference](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md) Table: Phases of the Ge–Ti system (9) | Phase | Structure | Basis | Stability (calculated) | Literature values | TDB models | |---|---|---|---|---:|---:| | [DIAMOND_A4](#phase-ge-ti-a4-diamond); _phase:ge-ti:a4-diamond_ | C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Ti) 0–0.02257 | 7 | 2 | | [BCC_A2](#phase-ge-ti-bcc-a2); _phase:ge-ti:bcc-a2_ | W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 1154.99–2499.84 K, x(Ti) 0.91179–1 | 17 | 2 | | [FCC_A1](#phase-ge-ti-fcc-a1); _phase:ge-ti:fcc-a1_ | Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225) | tier A: standard phase name | not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s) | 0 | 2 | | [GE2TI_C54](#phase-ge-ti-ge2ti-c54); _phase:ge-ti:ge2ti-c54_ | TiSi2 · C54 · oF24 · Fddd (70) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1391.67 K, x(Ti) 0.33333–0.33333 | 14 | 2 | | [GE3TI5_D88](#phase-ge-ti-ge3ti5-d88); _phase:ge-ti:ge3ti5-d88_ | Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2254.36 K, x(Ti) 0.60753–0.625 | 35 | 2 | | [GE4TI5](#phase-ge-ti-ge4ti5); _phase:ge-ti:ge4ti5_ | Ge4Sm5 · oP36 · Pnma (62) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1878.4 K, x(Ti) 0.55556–0.55556 | 2 | 1 | | [GE5TI6](#phase-ge-ti-ge5ti6); _phase:ge-ti:ge5ti6_ | Si5V6 · oI44 · Ibam (72) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1939.17 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545 | 15 | 2 | | [HCP_A3](#phase-ge-ti-hcp-a3); _phase:ge-ti:hcp-a3_ | Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1167.08 K, x(Ti) 0.9579–1 | 14 | 2 | | [LIQUID](#phase-ge-ti-liquid); _phase:ge-ti:liquid_ | liquid | liquid | stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 1196.78–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–1 | 38 | 2 | ## DIAMOND_A4 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:a4-diamond`; status `assigned` - Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type `st:a4-c-diamond-cf8`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Ti) 0–0.02257 - Literature: 7 values (7 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:a4-diamond) Names (6): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:a4-diamond, corpus:phase:ge-ti:diamond-a4 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:(Ge), paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:(Ge) _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:DIAMOND_A4 ### TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 41: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 ! 42: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE% TI : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 52: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 ! 53: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE% TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (4 of 4; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## BCC_A2 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:bcc-a2`; status `assigned` - Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type `st:a2-w-ci2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 1154.99–2499.84 K, x(Ti) 0.91179–1 - Literature: 17 values (17 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:bcc-a2) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:bcc-a2 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:(β-Ti), paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:(βTi) _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:BCC_A2 ### TDB models of BCC_A2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 31: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 32: CONST BCC_A2 : GE TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 42: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 43: CONST BCC_A2 : GE TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (5 of 5; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf02819289](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02819289) A. S. Yue, F. W. Crossman, Diffusion-phenomenon in Ti-Ti5 Ge3 eutectic, Metall Trans 1, 322-323 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## FCC_A1 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:fcc-a1`; status `assigned` - Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type `st:a1-cu-cf4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s) - Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:fcc-a1) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:fcc-a1 _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:FCC_A1 ### TDB models of FCC_A1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 26: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 27: CONST FCC_A1 : GE TI : VA : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 37: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 38: CONST FCC_A1 : GE TI : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase_ ## GE2TI_C54 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:ge2ti-c54`; status `assigned` - Structure: TiSi2 · C54 · oF24 · Fddd (70); type `st:c54-tisi2-of24`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaabgibx and oqmd-30499, space group 70 - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6667, Ti 0.3333 - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1391.67 K, x(Ti) 0.33333–0.33333 - Literature: 14 values (14 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:ge2ti-c54) Names (7): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:ge2ti-c54 _mp: _mp:mp-aaabgibx _oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-30499 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:Ge2Ti, paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:TiGe2 _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:GE2TI_C54, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:GE2TI_C54 ### TDB models of GE2TI_C54 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): GE2TI_C54, type code %, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 46: PHASE GE2TI_C54 % 2 2 1 ! 47: CONST GE2TI_C54 : GE : TI : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): GE2TI_C54, type code %, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 57: PHASE GE2TI_C54 % 2 2 1 ! 58: CONST GE2TI_C54 : GE : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (4 of 4; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE3TI5_D88 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:ge3ti5-d88`; status `assigned` - Structure: Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193); type `st:d8-8-mn5si3-hp16`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2254.36 K, x(Ti) 0.60753–0.625 - Literature: 35 values (35 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:ge3ti5-d88) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:ge3ti5-d88 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:Ge3Ti5, paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:Ti5Ge3 _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:GE3TI5_D88, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:GE3TI5_D88 ### TDB models of GE3TI5_D88 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): GE3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 56: PHASE GE3TI5_D88 % 2 3 5 ! 57: CONST GE3TI5_D88 : GE : TI : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): GE3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 72: PHASE GE3TI5_D88 % 2 3 5 ! 73: CONST GE3TI5_D88 : GE : GE TI% : ! ~~~~ Example references (5 of 5; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf02819289](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02819289) A. S. Yue, F. W. Crossman, Diffusion-phenomenon in Ti-Ti5 Ge3 eutectic, Metall Trans 1, 322-323 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE4TI5 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:ge4ti5`; status `assigned` - Structure: Ge4Sm5 · oP36 · Pnma (62); type `st:ge4sm5-op36`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (dft_space_group_62_matches_2_structure_types, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.4444, Ti 0.5556 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1878.4 K, x(Ti) 0.55556–0.55556 - Literature: 2 values (2 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:ge4ti5) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:ge4ti5 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:Ge4Ti5 _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:GE4TI5 ### TDB models of GE4TI5 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): GE4TI5, type code %, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 67: PHASE GE4TI5 % 2 4 5 ! 68: CONST GE4TI5 : GE : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE5TI6 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:ge5ti6`; status `assigned` - Structure: Si5V6 · oI44 · Ibam (72); type `st:si5v6-oi44`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.4545, Ti 0.5455 - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1939.17 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545 - Literature: 15 values (15 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:ge5ti6) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:ge5ti6 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:Ge5Ti6, paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:Ti6Ge5 _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:GE5TI6, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:GE5TI6 ### TDB models of GE5TI6 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): GE5TI6, type code %, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 51: PHASE GE5TI6 % 2 5 6 ! 52: CONST GE5TI6 : GE : TI : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): GE5TI6, type code %, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 62: PHASE GE5TI6 % 2 5 6 ! 63: CONST GE5TI6 : GE : TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (4 of 4; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## HCP_A3 (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:hcp-a3`; status `assigned` - Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type `st:a3-mg-hp2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1167.08 K, x(Ti) 0.9579–1 - Literature: 14 values (14 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:hcp-a3) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:hcp-a3 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:(α-Ti), paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:(αTi) _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:HCP_A3 ### TDB models of HCP_A3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 36: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 ! 37: CONST HCP_A3 : GE TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 47: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 ! 48: CONST HCP_A3 : GE TI% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (4 of 4; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## LIQUID (Ge–Ti) - Id: `phase:ge-ti:liquid`; status `assigned` - Structure: liquid; type `st:liquid`; liquid; confidence high - Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 1196.78–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–1 - Literature: 38 values (38 accepted) from 2 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-ti:liquid) Names (6): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-ti:liquid _paper: _paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:L, paper:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0:liquid, paper:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017:L _tdb: _tdb:GeTi-11Liu.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:GeTi-23Zob.tdb:LIQUID ### TDB models of LIQUID (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeTi-11Liu.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-11Liu.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `8e9ef8474ea28d1f…` ~~~~text 21: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 22: CONST LIQUID:L : GE TI : ! ~~~~ [GeTi-23Zob.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeTi-23Zob.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `ecd81bb074f7659a…` ~~~~text 32: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 33: CONST LIQUID:L : GE GE3TI5 TI : ! ~~~~ Example references (5 of 5; assessments first): - [doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.017) Dandan Liu, Huanli Yan, Xiaoming Yuan, Yoonsung Chung, Yong Du, Honghui Xu et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Ge–Ti system supported by key experiment, Thermochimica Acta 521, 148-154 (2011). _assessment that models this phase; cited as the source of values for this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01028-0) Ondřej Zobač, Aleš Kroupa, CALPHAD-Based Thermodynamic Description of the Binary Phase Diagram Ge-Ti, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. (2023). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(89)90197-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2889%2990197-5) M.V. Rudometkina, Yu.D. Seropegin, A.V. Gribanov, L.S. Gusei, Phase equilibria in the TiNbGe system at 1170 K, Journal of the Less Common Metals 147, 239-247 (1989). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.114) Roland W. Bittner, Catherine Colinet, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Klaus W. Richter, Revision of the Ge–Ti phase diagram and structural stability of the new phase Ge4Ti5, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 577, 211-216 (2013). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf02819289](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02819289) A. S. Yue, F. W. Crossman, Diffusion-phenomenon in Ti-Ti5 Ge3 eutectic, Metall Trans 1, 322-323 (1970). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite the ORCHID phase registry and the sources named on the page (TDB assessments, Hallstedt 2025, Materials Project, OQMD). TDB statements are quoted as written; parameter expressions are not reproduced. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt).