# Ge–Y phases > Ge–Y system: 14 phases (tier A 6, tier C 4, liquid 1, needs_review 3); 13 stable in a calculated diagram in the ORCHID phase registry, with names, structure type when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules, calculated stability, verbatim TDB PHASE/CONSTITUENT statements and example references. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GE-Y.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GE-Y.md 14 phases (tier A 6, tier C 4, liquid 1, needs_review 3); 13 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model). Data: [interactive registry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/?q=GE-Y) · [full JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/systems/GE-Y.json) · [Ge–Y system page](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GE-Y.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GE-Y.md) · [field reference](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md) Table: Phases of the Ge–Y system (14) | Phase | Structure | Basis | Stability (calculated) | Literature values | TDB models | |---|---|---|---|---:|---:| | [DIAMOND_A4](#phase-ge-y-a4-diamond); _phase:ge-y:a4-diamond_ | C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Y) 0–0 | 6 | 1 | | [BCC_A2](#phase-ge-y-bcc-a2); _phase:ge-y:bcc-a2_ | W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1735.74–2170.74 K, x(Y) 0.99709–1 | 2 | 1 | | [FCC_A1](#phase-ge-y-fcc-a1); _phase:ge-y:fcc-a1_ | Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225) | tier A: standard phase name | not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s) | 0 | 1 | | [GE10Y11](#phase-ge-y-ge10y11); _phase:ge-y:ge10y11_ | Ge10Ho11 · tI84 · I4/mmm (139) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 510.28–2157.47 K, x(Y) 0.52381–0.52381 | 9 | 1 | | [GE2Y](#phase-ge-y-ge2y); _phase:ge-y:ge2y_ | Ge2Tb · oC24 · Cmmm (65) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1028.66–1132.58 K, x(Y) 0.33333–0.33333 | 9 | 1 | | [GE3Y2_HT](#phase-ge-y-ge3y2); _phase:ge-y:ge3y2_ | | needs_review | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1707.4–1732.57 K, x(Y) 0.4–0.4 | 6 | 1 | | [GE3Y2_C32](#phase-ge-y-ge3y2-c32); _phase:ge-y:ge3y2-c32_ | | needs_review | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1707.4 K, x(Y) 0.4–0.4 | 6 | 1 | | [GE3Y5_D88](#phase-ge-y-ge3y5-d88); _phase:ge-y:ge3y5-d88_ | Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2240.77 K, x(Y) 0.625–0.625 | 6 | 1 | | [GE4Y5](#phase-ge-y-ge4y5); _phase:ge-y:ge4y5_ | Ge4Sm5 · oP36 · Pnma (62) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2218.39 K, x(Y) 0.55556–0.55556 | 9 | 1 | | [GE5Y3_CC](#phase-ge-y-ge5y3-cc); _phase:ge-y:ge5y3-cc_ | | needs_review | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1177.32 K, x(Y) 0.375–0.375 | 6 | 1 | | [GE7Y2](#phase-ge-y-ge7y2); _phase:ge-y:ge7y2_ | DyGe3 · oC16 · Cmcm (63) | tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table) | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1031.26–1130.45 K, x(Y) 0.22222–0.22222 | 9 | 1 | | [GEY_B33](#phase-ge-y-gey-b33); _phase:ge-y:gey-b33_ | CrB · B33 · oC8 · Cmcm (63) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2008.97 K, x(Y) 0.5–0.5 | 7 | 1 | | [HCP_A3](#phase-ge-y-hcp-a3); _phase:ge-y:hcp-a3_ | Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194) | tier A: standard phase name | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1790.74 K, x(Y) 1–1 | 4 | 1 | | [LIQUID](#phase-ge-y-liquid); _phase:ge-y:liquid_ | liquid | liquid | stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1112.3–2500 K, x(Y) 0–1 | 24 | 1 | ## DIAMOND_A4 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:a4-diamond`; status `assigned` - Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type `st:a4-c-diamond-cf8`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stoichiometry: Ge 1.0000 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Y) 0–0 - Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:a4-diamond) Names (4): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:a4-diamond, corpus:phase:ge-y:diamond-a4 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:(Ge) _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:DIAMOND_A4 ### TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 44: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 ! 45: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## BCC_A2 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:bcc-a2`; status `assigned` - Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type `st:a2-w-ci2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1735.74–2170.74 K, x(Y) 0.99709–1 - Literature: 2 values (2 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:bcc-a2) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:bcc-a2 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:BCC _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:BCC_A2 ### TDB models of BCC_A2 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 34: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 ! 35: CONST BCC_A2 : GE Y% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## FCC_A1 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:fcc-a1`; status `assigned` - Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type `st:a1-cu-cf4`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: not stable in 1 calculated diagram(s) - Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:fcc-a1) Names (2): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:fcc-a1 _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:FCC_A1 ### TDB models of FCC_A1 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 29: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 ! 30: CONST FCC_A1 : GE Y : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (1 of 1; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase_ ## GE10Y11 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge10y11`; status `assigned` - Structure: Ge10Ho11 · tI84 · I4/mmm (139); type `st:ge10ho11-ti84`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.4762, Y 0.5238 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 510.28–2157.47 K, x(Y) 0.52381–0.52381 - Literature: 9 values (9 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge10y11) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge10y11 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge10Y11 _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE10Y11 ### TDB models of GE10Y11 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE10Y11, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 79: PHASE GE10Y11 % 2 10 11 ! 80: CONST GE10Y11 : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf01328840](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01328840) R. I. Polotskaya, V. R. Sidorko, R. V. Antonchenko, Thermodynamic properties of yttrium gernianwes, Powder Metall Met Ceram 35, 307-310 (1996). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE2Y (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge2y`; status `assigned` - Structure: Ge2Tb · oC24 · Cmmm (65); type `st:ge2tb-oc24`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6667, Y 0.3333 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1028.66–1132.58 K, x(Y) 0.33333–0.33333 - Literature: 9 values (9 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge2y) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge2y _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge2Y _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE2Y ### TDB models of GE2Y (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE2Y, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 54: PHASE GE2Y % 2 2 1 ! 55: CONST GE2Y : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE3Y2_HT (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge3y2`; status `needs_review` - No structure assigned. Why: no_structure_token; polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition; sgte_mmc2_row_incomplete - Candidate (literature_printed): (Ge3Y2) · oP\* — printed with a label mapped to this phase - Candidate (sgte_mmc2): (Ge3Y2) · Pccm (49) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE3Y2_HT: Ge3Y2 (high T) - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6000, Y 0.4000 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1707.4–1732.57 K, x(Y) 0.4–0.4 - Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge3y2) Names (4): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge3y2, corpus:phase:ge-y:ge3y2-ht _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge1.5Y-HT _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE3Y2_HT ### TDB models of GE3Y2_HT (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE3Y2_HT, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 69: PHASE GE3Y2_HT % 2 3 2 ! 70: CONST GE3Y2_HT : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE3Y2_C32 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge3y2-c32`; status `needs_review` - No structure assigned. Why: assessment_declared_blocked_by:stoichiometry_contradicts_C32; stoichiometry_contradicts_C32:GeY-13Idb.tdb - Candidate (literature_printed): AlB2 · hP3 — printed with a label mapped to this phase - Candidate (name_token): AlB2 · C32 · hP3 · P6/mmm (191) — Strukturbericht/word 'C32' in the TDB name - Candidate (sgte_mmc2): AlB2 · C32 · hP3 · P6/mmm (191) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE3Y2_C32: Ge3Y2 (low T) - Candidate (tdb_comment): AlB2 · hP3 · P6/mmm — GeY-13Idb.tdb: 'Prototype AlB2 (hP3, P6/mmm)' - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6000, Y 0.4000 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1707.4 K, x(Y) 0.4–0.4 - Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge3y2-c32) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge3y2-c32 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge1.5Y-LT _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE3Y2_C32 ### TDB models of GE3Y2_C32 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE3Y2_C32, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 64: PHASE GE3Y2_C32 % 2 3 2 ! 65: CONST GE3Y2_C32 : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE3Y5_D88 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge3y5-d88`; status `assigned` - Structure: Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193); type `st:d8-8-mn5si3-hp16`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaaabagt and oqmd-10313, space group 193 - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.3750, Y 0.6250 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2240.77 K, x(Y) 0.625–0.625 - Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge3y5-d88) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge3y5-d88 _mp: _mp:mp-aaaabagt _oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-10313 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge3Y5 _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE3Y5_D88 ### TDB models of GE3Y5_D88 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE3Y5_D88, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 89: PHASE GE3Y5_D88 % 2 3 5 ! 90: CONST GE3Y5_D88 : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE4Y5 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge4y5`; status `assigned` - Structure: Ge4Sm5 · oP36 · Pnma (62); type `st:ge4sm5-op36`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_oqmd, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.4444, Y 0.5556 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2218.39 K, x(Y) 0.55556–0.55556 - Literature: 9 values (9 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge4y5) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge4y5 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge4Y5 _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE4Y5 ### TDB models of GE4Y5 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE4Y5, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 84: PHASE GE4Y5 % 2 4 5 ! 85: CONST GE4Y5 : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1007/bf01328840](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01328840) R. I. Polotskaya, V. R. Sidorko, R. V. Antonchenko, Thermodynamic properties of yttrium gernianwes, Powder Metall Met Ceram 35, 307-310 (1996). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE5Y3_CC (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge5y3-cc`; status `needs_review` - No structure assigned. Why: assessment_declared_blocked_by:stoichiometry_contradicts_C_c; stoichiometry_contradicts_C_c:GeY-13Idb.tdb - Candidate (dft_mp): Fdd2 (43) — on-hull MP Y3Ge5 at x(Y)=0.3750 - Candidate (dft_oqmd): P-62c (190) — on-hull OQMD Ge5 Y3 at x(Y)=0.3750 - Candidate (literature_printed): Si2Th · tI12 — printed with a label mapped to this phase - Candidate (name_token): Si2Th · C_c · tI12 · I4_1/amd (141) — Strukturbericht/word 'CC' in the TDB name - Candidate (sgte_mmc2): Si2Th · C_c · tI12 · I4_1/amd (141) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for GE5Y3_CC: Ge5Y3 - Candidate (tdb_comment): Si2Th · tI12 · I4_1/amd — GeY-13Idb.tdb: 'Prototype Si2Th (tI12, I4_1/amd)' - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.6250, Y 0.3750 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1177.32 K, x(Y) 0.375–0.375 - Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge5y3-cc) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge5y3-cc _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge5Y3 _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE5Y3_CC ### TDB models of GE5Y3_CC (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE5Y3_CC, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 59: PHASE GE5Y3_CC % 2 5 3 ! 60: CONST GE5Y3_CC : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GE7Y2 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:ge7y2`; status `assigned` - Structure: DyGe3 · oC16 · Cmcm (63); type `st:dyge3-oc16`; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated - Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833) - Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.7778, Y 0.2222 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1031.26–1130.45 K, x(Y) 0.22222–0.22222 - Literature: 9 values (9 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:ge7y2) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:ge7y2 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:Ge7Y2 _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GE7Y2 ### TDB models of GE7Y2 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GE7Y2, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 49: PHASE GE7Y2 % 2 7 2 ! 50: CONST GE7Y2 : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## GEY_B33 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:gey-b33`; status `assigned` - Structure: CrB · B33 · oC8 · Cmcm (63); type `st:b33-crb-oc8`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaaaaotn and oqmd-7938, space group 63 - Stoichiometry: Ge 0.5000, Y 0.5000 - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2008.97 K, x(Y) 0.5–0.5 - Literature: 7 values (7 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:gey-b33) Names (5): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:gey-b33 _mp: _mp:mp-aaaaaotn _oqmd: _oqmd:oqmd-7938 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:GeY _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:GEY_B33 ### TDB models of GEY_B33 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): GEY_B33, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 74: PHASE GEY_B33 % 2 1 1 ! 75: CONST GEY_B33 : GE : Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (3 of 3; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(76)90180-6](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2876%2990180-6) A.R. Miedema, On the heat of formation of solid alloys. II, Journal of the Less Common Metals 46, 67-83 (1976). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## HCP_A3 (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:hcp-a3`; status `assigned` - Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type `st:a3-mg-hp2`; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–1790.74 K, x(Y) 1–1 - Literature: 4 values (4 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:hcp-a3) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:hcp-a3 _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:HCP _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:HCP_A3 ### TDB models of HCP_A3 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 39: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 ! 40: CONST HCP_A3 : GE Y% : VA : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## LIQUID (Ge–Y) - Id: `phase:ge-y:liquid`; status `assigned` - Structure: liquid; type `st:liquid`; liquid; confidence high - Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 1112.3–2500 K, x(Y) 0–1 - Literature: 24 values (24 accepted) from 1 papers - Interactive: [phase registry entry](https://orchid-project.org/phases/#phase:ge-y:liquid) Names (3): _corpus: _corpus:phase:ge-y:liquid _paper: _paper:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0:L _tdb: _tdb:GeY-13Idb.tdb:LIQUID ### TDB models of LIQUID (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written [GeY-13Idb.tdb](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GeY-13Idb.tdb): LIQUID, type code %, sha256 `06a372a4f32faf12…` ~~~~text 24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 ! 25: CONST LIQUID:L : GE Y : ! ~~~~ Example references (2 of 2; assessments first): - [doi:10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-012-2271-0) Mohamed Idbenali, Colette Servant, Thermodynamic optimization of the germanium–yttrium system, J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 911-916 (2013). _assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase_ - [doi:10.1016/0022-5088(72)90008-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2872%2990008-2) F.A. Schmidt, O.D. McMasters, O.N. Carlson, The yttrium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 26, 53-70 (1972). _cited as the source of values for this phase_ ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite the ORCHID phase registry and the sources named on the page (TDB assessments, Hallstedt 2025, Materials Project, OQMD). TDB statements are quoted as written; parameter expressions are not reproduced. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt).