Pb–Pd phases

11 phases (tier A 6, tier C 1, liquid 1, needs_review 3); 9 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Pb–Pd system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Pb–Pd system (11)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
BCC_A2 phase:pb-pd:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
FCC_A1 phase:pb-pd:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1829 K, x(Pd) 0–1	0	2
HCP_A3 phase:pb-pd:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
LIQUID phase:pb-pd:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 527.23–2500 K, x(Pd) 0–1	6	2
PB2PD_C16 phase:pb-pd:pb2pd-c16		needs_review	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–747.77 K, x(Pd) 0.333–0.333	0	2
PB3PD5_ALPHA phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-alpha	Ge3Ni5 · mC32 · C2 (5)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–704.34 K, x(Pd) 0.625–0.625	0	2
PB3PD5_B81 phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-b81	NiAs · B8_1 · hP4 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 689.62–796.72 K, x(Pd) 0.65431–0.66001	0	2
PB3PD5_B82 phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-b82	InNi2 · B8_2 · hP6 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 792.9–1107.84 K, x(Pd) 0.61994–0.65915	0	2
PB9PD13 phase:pb-pd:pb9pd13		needs_review	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–884.04 K, x(Pd) 0.59–0.59	0	2
PBPD phase:pb-pd:pbpd		needs_review	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–775.81 K, x(Pd) 0.5–0.5	0	2
PBPD3_L12 phase:pb-pd:pbpd3-l12	AuCu3 · L1_2 · cP4 · Pm-3m (221)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1502.84 K, x(Pd) 0.75–0.77988	0	2

BCC_A2 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:bcc-a2
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

38: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
39: CONST BCC_A2 : PB PD : VA : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

38: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
39: CONST BCC_A2 : PB PD : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

FCC_A1 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1829 K, x(Pd) 0–1
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:fcc-a1
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

33: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
34: CONST FCC_A1 : PB PD : VA : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

33: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
34: CONST FCC_A1 : PB PD : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

HCP_A3 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:hcp-a3
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

43: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
44: CONST HCP_A3 : PB PD : VA : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %A, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

43: PHASE HCP_A3 %A 2 1 0.5 !
44: CONST HCP_A3 : PB PD : VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

LIQUID (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 527.23–2500 K, x(Pd) 0–1
Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:liquid
paper: paper:10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9:L, paper:10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9:Liquid
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

28: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
29: CONST LIQUID:L : PB PD : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

28: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
29: CONST LIQUID:L : PB PD : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead-tin system, Metall Mater Trans A 30, 5-18 (1999).
reports values for this phase
doi:10.1002/zaac.19070520131 Rudolf Ruer, Über die Legierungen des Palladiums mit Blei, Z. Anorg. Chem. 52, 345-357 (1907).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1016/0022-5088(80)90218-0 H.W Mayer, M Ellner, K Schubert, Crystal structure of Pd13Pb9.r, Journal of the Less Common Metals 71, P29-P38 (1980).
cited as the source of values for this phase

PB2PD_C16 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pb2pd-c16; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: assessment_declared_blocked_by:stoichiometry_contradicts_C16; stoichiometry_contradicts_C16:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb; stoichiometry_contradicts_C16:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb
Candidate (name_token): Al2Cu · C16 · tI12 · I4/mcm (140) — Strukturbericht/word 'C16' in the TDB name
Candidate (sgte_mmc2): Al2Cu · C16 · tI12 · I4/mcm (140) — Hallstedt 2025 mmc2 row for PB2PD_C16: Pb2Pd
Candidate (tdb_comment): Al2Cu · tI12 · I4/mcm — PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: 'Prototype Al2Cu (tI12, I4/mcm)'
Candidate (tdb_comment): Al2Cu · tI12 · I4/mcm — PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: 'Prototype Al2Cu (tI12, I4/mcm)'
Stoichiometry: Pb 0.6670, Pd 0.3330
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–747.77 K, x(Pd) 0.333–0.333
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pb2pd-c16
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PB2PD_C16, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PB2PD_C16

TDB models of PB2PD_C16 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PB2PD_C16, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

48: PHASE PB2PD_C16 % 2 0.667 0.333 !
49: CONST PB2PD_C16 : PB : PD : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PB2PD_C16, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

48: PHASE PB2PD_C16 % 2 0.667 0.333 !
49: CONST PB2PD_C16 : PB : PD : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

PB3PD5_ALPHA (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-alpha; status assigned
Structure: Ge3Ni5 · mC32 · C2 (5); type st:ge3ni5-mc32; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Pb 0.3750, Pd 0.6250
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–704.34 K, x(Pd) 0.625–0.625
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-alpha
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PB3PD5_ALPHA, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PB3PD5_ALPHA

TDB models of PB3PD5_ALPHA (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PB3PD5_ALPHA, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

66: PHASE PB3PD5_ALPHA % 2 0.375 0.625 !
67: CONST PB3PD5_ALPHA : PB : PD : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PB3PD5_ALPHA, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

66: PHASE PB3PD5_ALPHA % 2 0.375 0.625 !
67: CONST PB3PD5_ALPHA : PB : PD : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

PB3PD5_B81 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-b81; status assigned
Structure: NiAs · B8_1 · hP4 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:b8-1-nias-hp4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 689.62–796.72 K, x(Pd) 0.65431–0.66001
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-b81
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PB3PD5_B81, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PB3PD5_B81

TDB models of PB3PD5_B81 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PB3PD5_B81, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

71: PHASE PB3PD5_B81 % 3 1 1 1 !
72: CONST PB3PD5_B81 : PB : PD : PD VA : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PB3PD5_B81, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

71: PHASE PB3PD5_B81 % 3 1 1 1 !
72: CONST PB3PD5_B81 : PB : PD : PD VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

PB3PD5_B82 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-b82; status assigned
Structure: InNi2 · B8_2 · hP6 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:b8-2-inni2-hp6; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 792.9–1107.84 K, x(Pd) 0.61994–0.65915
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pb3pd5-b82
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PB3PD5_B82, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PB3PD5_B82

TDB models of PB3PD5_B82 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PB3PD5_B82, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

76: PHASE PB3PD5_B82 % 3 1 1 1 !
77: CONST PB3PD5_B82 : PB : PD : PD VA : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PB3PD5_B82, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

76: PHASE PB3PD5_B82 % 3 1 1 1 !
77: CONST PB3PD5_B82 : PB : PD : PD VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

PB9PD13 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pb9pd13; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: no_on_hull_entry_in_both; no_structure_token
Candidate (tdb_comment): alpha-Pb9Pd13 · mC88 · C2/c — PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: 'Prototype alpha-Pb9Pd13 (mC88, C2/c)'
Candidate (tdb_comment): alpha-Pb9Pd13 · mC88 · C2/c — PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: 'Prototype alpha-Pb9Pd13 (mC88, C2/c)'
Stoichiometry: Pb 0.4100, Pd 0.5900
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–884.04 K, x(Pd) 0.59–0.59
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pb9pd13
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PB9PD13, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PB9PD13

TDB models of PB9PD13 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PB9PD13, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

61: PHASE PB9PD13 % 2 0.41 0.59 !
62: CONST PB9PD13 : PB : PD : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PB9PD13, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

61: PHASE PB9PD13 % 2 0.41 0.59 !
62: CONST PB9PD13 : PB : PD : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

PBPD (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pbpd; status needs_review
No structure assigned. Why: mp_oqmd_space_groups_differ; no_structure_token
Candidate (dft_mp): P-1 (2) — on-hull MP PdPb at x(PD)=0.5000
Candidate (dft_oqmd): Pnma (62) — on-hull OQMD Pb1 Pd1 at x(PD)=0.5000
Candidate (tdb_comment): alpha-PbPd · aP32 · P-1 — PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: 'Prototype alpha-PbPd (aP32, P-1)'
Candidate (tdb_comment): alpha-PbPd · aP32 · P-1 — PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: 'Prototype alpha-PbPd (aP32, P-1)'
Stoichiometry: Pb 0.5000, Pd 0.5000
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–775.81 K, x(Pd) 0.5–0.5
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pbpd
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PBPD, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PBPD

TDB models of PBPD (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PBPD, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

54: PHASE PBPD % 2 0.5 0.5 !
55: CONST PBPD : PB : PD : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PBPD, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

54: PHASE PBPD % 2 0.5 0.5 !
55: CONST PBPD : PB : PD : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

PBPD3_L12 (Pb–Pd)

Id: phase:pb-pd:pbpd3-l12; status assigned
Structure: AuCu3 · L1_2 · cP4 · Pm-3m (221); type st:l1-2-aucu3-cp4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1502.84 K, x(Pd) 0.75–0.77988
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:pb-pd:pbpd3-l12
tdb: tdb:PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb:PBPD3_L12, tdb:PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb:PBPD3_L12

TDB models of PBPD3_L12 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

PbPd-99Gho-LB.tdb: PBPD3_L12, type code %, sha256 a6b12a66bf798e9f…

81: PHASE PBPD3_L12 % 2 0.25 0.75 !
82: CONST PBPD3_L12 : PB% PD : PD : !

PbPd-99Gho-alt.tdb: PBPD3_L12, type code %, sha256 117b1cc58e11a36a…

81: PHASE PBPD3_L12 % 2 0.25 0.75 !
82: CONST PBPD3_L12 : PB% PD : PD : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770335820 G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead system, JPE 20, 309-315 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}