Sn–Ti phases

13 phases (tier A 8, tier C 4, liquid 1); 11 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Sn–Ti system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Sn–Ti system (13)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
DIAMOND_A4 phase:sn-ti:a4-diamond	C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 5 calculated diagram(s)	0	5
BCT_A5 phase:sn-ti:a5-bct	beta-Sn · A5 · tI4 · I4_1/amd (141)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 4 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–505.08 K, x(Ti) 0–0	4	5
BCC_A2 phase:sn-ti:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 504.51–1954.88 K, x(Ti) 0.152–1	2	5
FCC_A1 phase:sn-ti:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 5 calculated diagram(s)	0	5
HCP_A3 phase:sn-ti:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1339.99 K, x(Ti) 0.88438–1	11	5
LIQUID phase:sn-ti:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 504.81–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–1	30	5
SN3TI2 phase:sn-ti:sn3ti2	Sn3Ti2 · oC40 · Cmce (64)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 4 of 4 calculated diagram(s): 300–1028.43 K, x(Ti) 0.4–0.4	6	4
SN3TI5_D88 phase:sn-ti:sn3ti5-d88	Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1790 K, x(Ti) 0.62458–0.625	6	5
SN5TI6 phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6	Sn5Ti6-beta · hP22 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 4 of 4 calculated diagram(s): 300–1762.33 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545	11	4
SN5TI6_ALPHA phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6-alpha	Sn5Ti6-alpha · oI44 · Immm (71)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–952.02 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545	0	1
SN5TI6_BETA phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6-beta	Sn5Ti6-beta · hP22 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 952.02–1774.8 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545	0	1
SNTI2_B82 phase:sn-ti:snti2-b82	InNi2 · B8_2 · hP6 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1835.88 K, x(Ti) 0.64488–0.67263	6	5
SNTI3_D019 phase:sn-ti:snti3-d019	Ni3Sn · D0_19 · hP8 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–0.78452	17	5

DIAMOND_A4 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:a4-diamond; status assigned
Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type st:a4-c-diamond-cf8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Sn 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 5 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:a4-diamond
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:DIAMOND_A4

TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

43: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
44: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

44: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
45: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

43: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
44: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

42: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
43: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

42: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
43: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

BCT_A5 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:a5-bct; status assigned
Structure: beta-Sn · A5 · tI4 · I4_1/amd (141); type st:a5-beta-sn-ti4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 4 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–505.08 K, x(Ti) 0–0
Literature: 4 values (4 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (9): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:a5-bct, corpus:phase:sn-ti:bct-a5
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:(Sn), paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:bct-A5
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:BCT_A5, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:BCT_A5, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:BCT_A5, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:BCT_A5, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:BCT_A5

TDB models of BCT_A5 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

48: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
49: CONST BCT_A5 : SN% TI : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

49: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
50: CONST BCT_A5 : SN% TI : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

48: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
49: CONST BCT_A5 : SN% TI : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

47: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
48: CONST BCT_A5 : SN% TI : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

47: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
48: CONST BCT_A5 : SN% TI : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

BCC_A2 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 504.51–1954.88 K, x(Ti) 0.152–1
Literature: 2 values (2 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (7): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:bcc-a2
paper: paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:bcc-A2
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

33: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 !
34: CONST BCC_A2 : SN TI% : VA : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

34: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 !
35: CONST BCC_A2 : SN TI% : VA : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

33: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 !
34: CONST BCC_A2 : SN TI% : VA : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

32: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 !
33: CONST BCC_A2 : SN TI% : VA : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

32: PHASE BCC_A2 % 2 1 3 !
33: CONST BCC_A2 : SN TI% : VA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

FCC_A1 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 5 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:fcc-a1
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

28: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 !
29: CONST FCC_A1 : SN TI : VA : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

29: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 !
30: CONST FCC_A1 : SN TI : VA : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

28: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 !
29: CONST FCC_A1 : SN TI : VA : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

27: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 !
28: CONST FCC_A1 : SN TI : VA : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

27: PHASE FCC_A1 % 2 1 1 !
28: CONST FCC_A1 : SN TI : VA : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

HCP_A3 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1339.99 K, x(Ti) 0.88438–1
Literature: 11 values (11 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (8): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:hcp-a3
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:(αTi), paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:hcp-A3
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

38: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
39: CONST HCP_A3 : SN TI% : VA: !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

39: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
40: CONST HCP_A3 : SN TI% : VA: !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

38: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
39: CONST HCP_A3 : SN TI% : VA: !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

37: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
38: CONST HCP_A3 : SN TI% : VA: !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

37: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
38: CONST HCP_A3 : SN TI% : VA: !

Example references (5 of 5; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.04.010 A.A. Bondar, T.Ya. Velikanova, D.B. Borysov, L.V. Artyukh, O.O. Bilous, M.P. Burka et al., Titanium-boride eutectic materials: Phase equilibria and properties of alloys in the Ti-rich portion of the Ti–Sn–B system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 400, 202-208 (2005).
cited as the source of values for this phase

LIQUID (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 504.81–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–1
Literature: 30 values (30 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (9): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:liquid
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:L, paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:liquid, paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:L
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

23: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
24: CONST LIQUID:L : SN TI : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
25: CONST LIQUID:L : SN TI : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

23: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
24: CONST LIQUID:L : SN TI : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

22: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
23: CONST LIQUID:L : SN TI : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

22: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
23: CONST LIQUID:L : SN TI : !

Example references (5 of 5; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.04.010 A.A. Bondar, T.Ya. Velikanova, D.B. Borysov, L.V. Artyukh, O.O. Bilous, M.P. Burka et al., Titanium-boride eutectic materials: Phase equilibria and properties of alloys in the Ti-rich portion of the Ti–Sn–B system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 400, 202-208 (2005).
cited as the source of values for this phase

SN3TI2 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:sn3ti2; status assigned
Structure: Sn3Ti2 · oC40 · Cmce (64); type st:sn3ti2-oc40; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (dft_space_group_64_matches_2_structure_types, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Sn 0.6000, Ti 0.4000
Stability: stable in 4 of 4 calculated diagram(s): 300–1028.43 K, x(Ti) 0.4–0.4
Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (7): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:sn3ti2
paper: paper:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x:Sn3Ti2, paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:Ti2Sn3
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:SN3TI2, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:SN3TI2, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:SN3TI2, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:SN3TI2

TDB models of SN3TI2 (4): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: SN3TI2, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

53: PHASE SN3TI2 %  2 3 2 !
54: CONST SN3TI2 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: SN3TI2, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

54: PHASE SN3TI2 %  2 3 2 !
55: CONST SN3TI2 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: SN3TI2, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

53: PHASE SN3TI2 %  2 3 2 !
54: CONST SN3TI2 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: SN3TI2, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

52: PHASE SN3TI2 %  2 3 2 !
53: CONST SN3TI2 : SN : TI : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

SN3TI5_D88 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:sn3ti5-d88; status assigned
Structure: Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193); type st:d8-8-mn5si3-hp16; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1790 K, x(Ti) 0.62458–0.625
Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (8): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:sn3ti5-d88
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:Ti5Sn3, paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:Sn3Ti5
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:SN3TI5_D88, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:SN3TI5_D88, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:SN3TI5_D88, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:SN3TI5_D88, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:SN3TI5_D88

TDB models of SN3TI5_D88 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: SN3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

68: PHASE SN3TI5_D88 %  2 3 5 !
69: CONST SN3TI5_D88 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: SN3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

65: PHASE SN3TI5_D88 %  2 3 5 !
66: CONST SN3TI5_D88 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: SN3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

64: PHASE SN3TI5_D88 %  3 1 3 5 !
65: CONST SN3TI5_D88 : VA : SN : TI : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: SN3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

63: PHASE SN3TI5_D88 %  3 1 3 5 !
64: CONST SN3TI5_D88 : SN VA% : SN : TI : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: SN3TI5_D88, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

57: PHASE SN3TI5_D88 %  2 3 5 !
58: CONST SN3TI5_D88 : SN : TI : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

SN5TI6 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6; status assigned
Structure: Sn5Ti6-beta · hP22 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:sn5ti6-beta-hp22; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_structure_token, polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Sn 0.4545, Ti 0.5455
Stability: stable in 4 of 4 calculated diagram(s): 300–1762.33 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545
Literature: 11 values (11 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (7): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:Ti6Sn5, paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:Sn5Ti6
tdb: tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:SN5TI6, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:SN5TI6, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:SN5TI6, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:SN5TI6

TDB models of SN5TI6 (4): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: SN5TI6, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

60: PHASE SN5TI6 %  2 5 6 !
61: CONST SN5TI6 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: SN5TI6, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

59: PHASE SN5TI6 %  2 5 6 !
60: CONST SN5TI6 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: SN5TI6, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

58: PHASE SN5TI6 %  2 5 6 !
59: CONST SN5TI6 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: SN5TI6, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

52: PHASE SN5TI6 %  2 5 6 !
53: CONST SN5TI6 : SN : TI : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

SN5TI6_ALPHA (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6-alpha; status assigned
Structure: Sn5Ti6-alpha · oI44 · Immm (71); type st:sn5ti6-alpha-oi44; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_structure_token, polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Sn 0.4545, Ti 0.5455
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–952.02 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6-alpha
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:SN5TI6_ALPHA

TDB models of SN5TI6_ALPHA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: SN5TI6_ALPHA, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

58: PHASE SN5TI6_ALPHA %  2 5 6 !
59: CONST SN5TI6_ALPHA : SN : TI : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase

SN5TI6_BETA (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6-beta; status assigned
Structure: Sn5Ti6-beta · hP22 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:sn5ti6-beta-hp22; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_structure_token, polymorph_family:other phases of this system have the same composition); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Sn 0.4545, Ti 0.5455
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 952.02–1774.8 K, x(Ti) 0.54545–0.54545
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (2): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:sn5ti6-beta
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:SN5TI6_BETA

TDB models of SN5TI6_BETA (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: SN5TI6_BETA, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

63: PHASE SN5TI6_BETA %  2 5 6 !
64: CONST SN5TI6_BETA : SN : TI : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase

SNTI2_B82 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:snti2-b82; status assigned
Structure: InNi2 · B8_2 · hP6 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:b8-2-inni2-hp6; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in SnTi-19Tan.tdb also describes the disordered state
Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–1835.88 K, x(Ti) 0.64488–0.67263
Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (8): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:snti2-b82
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:Ti2Sn, paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:SnTi2
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:SNTI2_B82, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:SNTI2_B82, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:SNTI2_B82, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:SNTI2_B82, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:SNTI2_B82

TDB models of SNTI2_B82 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: SNTI2_B82, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

73: PHASE SNTI2_B82 %  2 1 2 !
74: CONST SNTI2_B82 : SN : TI : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: SNTI2_B82, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

70: PHASE SNTI2_B82 %  2 1 2 !
71: CONST SNTI2_B82 : SN% VA : TI% VA : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: SNTI2_B82, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

69: PHASE SNTI2_B82 %  3 1 1 1 !
70: CONST SNTI2_B82 : SN% TI : TI : TI% VA : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: SNTI2_B82, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

68: PHASE SNTI2_B82 %  2 1 2 !
69: CONST SNTI2_B82 : SN% TI : SN TI% : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: SNTI2_B82, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

62: PHASE SNTI2_B82 %  2 1 2 !
63: CONST SNTI2_B82 : SN : TI : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase

SNTI3_D019 (Sn–Ti)

Id: phase:sn-ti:snti3-d019; status assigned
Structure: Ni3Sn · D0_19 · hP8 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:d0-19-ni3sn-hp8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in SnTi-05Liu.tdb also describes the disordered state
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in SnTi-11Wan.tdb also describes the disordered state
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in SnTi-19Tan.tdb also describes the disordered state
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb also describes the disordered state
Stability: stable in 5 of 5 calculated diagram(s): 300–2500 K, x(Ti) 0–0.78452
Literature: 17 values (17 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (8): corpus: corpus:phase:sn-ti:snti3-d019
paper: paper:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003:Ti3Sn, paper:sha256-85fd53a1a176b694:SnTi3
tdb: tdb:SnTi-05Liu.tdb:SNTI3_D019, tdb:SnTi-07Yin.tdb:SNTI3_D019, tdb:SnTi-11Wan.tdb:SNTI3_D019, tdb:SnTi-19Tan.tdb:SNTI3_D019, tdb:SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb:SNTI3_D019

TDB models of SNTI3_D019 (5): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

SnTi-05Liu.tdb: SNTI3_D019, type code %, sha256 1a9211ad13916936…

78: PHASE SNTI3_D019 %  2 1 3 !
79: CONST SNTI3_D019 : SN% TI : SN TI% : !

SnTi-07Yin.tdb: SNTI3_D019, type code %, sha256 b2dedaccad25576a…

75: PHASE SNTI3_D019 %  2 1 3 !
76: CONST SNTI3_D019 : SN% VA : TI : !

SnTi-11Wan.tdb: SNTI3_D019, type code %, sha256 f212f46d607d7fcf…

74: PHASE SNTI3_D019 %  2 1 3 !
75: CONST SNTI3_D019 : SN% TI : SN TI% : !

SnTi-19Tan.tdb: SNTI3_D019, type code %, sha256 a09a2a0493b90176…

73: PHASE SNTI3_D019 %  2 1 3 !
74: CONST SNTI3_D019 : SN% TI : SN TI% : !

SnTi-98Hay-LB.tdb: SNTI3_D019, type code %, sha256 1a838be0ab839173…

67: PHASE SNTI3_D019 %  2 1 3 !
68: CONST SNTI3_D019 : SN% TI : SN TI% : !

Example references (5 of 5; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.003 Fucheng Yin, Jean-Claude Tedenac, Franck Gascoin, Thermodynamic modelling of the Ti–Sn system and calculation of the Co–Ti–Sn system, Calphad 31, 370-379 (2007).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s00706-005-0392-x Chunlei Liu, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Sn–Ti System, Monatsh. Chem. 136, 1921-1930 (2005).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2010.12.006 Jiang Wang, Chunlei Liu, Christian Leinenbach, Ulrich E. Klotz, Peter J. Uggowitzer, Jörg F. Löffler, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic assessment of the Cu–Sn–Ti ternary system, Calphad 35, 82-94 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101686 J. Tan, G. Xu, X. Tao, F. Chen, Y. Cui, L. Zhou, Calphad, 67, 101686(2019).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.04.010 A.A. Bondar, T.Ya. Velikanova, D.B. Borysov, L.V. Artyukh, O.O. Bilous, M.P. Burka et al., Titanium-boride eutectic materials: Phase equilibria and properties of alloys in the Ti-rich portion of the Ti–Sn–B system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 400, 202-208 (2005).
cited as the source of values for this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}