# Ag–Ge–Ni system

> Ag–Ge–Ni system: 27 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 14, phase equilibrium 13) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG-GE-NI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG-GE-NI.md

27 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 13, model 14); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/AG-GE-NI.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG-GE-NI.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#AG-GE-NI) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/AG-GE-NI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG-GE-NI.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 13 |
| model | 14 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 14 |
| phase equilibrium | 13 |

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Ag–Ge–Ni system (14)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1420 | other: L2 ⇌ L1 + Ge3Ni5 | L2: Ge 0.39, Ni 0.535; L1: Ge 0.031, Ni 0.003; Ge3Ni5: Ge 0.42, Ni 0.58 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 13; `ORC-QRFYBWJCTG` |  |
| 1391 | other: L2 ⇌ L1 + βGeNi3 + (Ni) | L2: Ge 0.226, Ni 0.762; L1: Ge 0.003, Ni 0.005; βGeNi3: Ge 0.23, Ni 0.769; (Ni): Ge 0.138, Ni 0.861 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 1; `ORC-VXDCY67BQU` |  |
| 1377 | quasi-peritectic: L2 + βGeNi3 ⇌ L1 + γGeNi3 | L2: Ge 0.29, Ni 0.694; βGeNi3: Ge 0.253, Ni 0.747; L1: Ge 0.279, Ni 0.705; γGeNi3: Ge 0.256, Ni 0.744 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 2; `ORC-E5DFQIENNF` |  |
| 1368.8 | quasi-peritectic: L2 + γGeNi3 ⇌ L1 + δGe2Ni5 | L2: Ge 0.29, Ni 0.694; L1: Ge 0.011, Ni 0.003; δGe2Ni5: Ge 0.28, Ni 0.72; γGe Ni3: Ge 0.256, Ni 0.744 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 3; `ORC-E3VLTUMAIS` |  |
| 1368.3 | other: L2 ⇌ L1 + Ge3Ni5 + δGe2Ni5 | L2: Ge 0.291, Ni 0.692; L1: Ge 0.011, Ni 0.003; Ge3Ni5: Ge 0.358, Ni 0.642; δGe2Ni5: Ge 0.28, Ni 0.72 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 4; `ORC-TOLQHJFPTK` |  |
| 1362 | other: L1 + γGeNi3 ⇌ βGeNi3 + δGe2Ni5 | L1: Ni 0.003; γGeNi3: Ge 0.256, Ni 0.744; βGeNi3: Ge 0.255, Ni 0.744; δGe2Ni5: Ge 0.28, Ni 0.72 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 9; `ORC-FZ56DVZCMI` |  |
| 1325 | other: L1 + δGe2Ni5 ⇌ βGeNi3 + Ge3Ni5 | L1: Ge 0.009, Ni 0.002; δGe2Ni5: Ge 0.28, Ni 0.72; βGeNi3: Ge 0.256, Ni 0.744; Ge3Ni5: Ge 0.356, Ni 0.644 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 10; `ORC-QUCEDDBGCA` |  |
| 1234 | other: L1 + (Ag) ⇌ βGeNi3 + (Ni) | L1: Ni 0.002; (Ag): Ni 0.002; βGeNi3: Ge 0.233, Ni 0.767; (Ni): Ge 0.132, Ni 0.867 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 11; `ORC-WRJ5M2A572` |  |
| 1230 | other: L1 + βGeNi3 ⇌ (Ag) + δGe2Ni5 | L1: Ge 0.006, Ni 0.001; βGeNi3: Ge 0.256, Ni 0.744; (Ag): Ge 0.002, Ni 0.001; δGe2Ni5: Ge 0.356, Ni 0.644 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 12; `ORC-LVPYJG6EKU` |  |
| 1055 | quasi-peritectic: L2 + Ge3Ni5 ⇌ L1 + GeNi | L2: Ge 0.502, Ni 0.21; Ge3Ni5: Ge 0.42, Ni 0.58; L1: Ge 0.198, Ni 0.003; GeNi: Ge 0.5, Ni 0.5 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 5; `ORC-DG52RTPCPB` |  |
| 934 | quasi-peritectic: L2 + GeNi ⇌ L1 + (Ag) | L2: Ge 0.545, Ni 0.146; GeNi: Ge 0.5, Ni 0.5; L1: Ge 0.251, Ni 0.002; (Ag): Ge 0.093 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 6; `ORC-KW33FT7BJR` |  |
| 925 | L -> (Ag) + (Ge) | L: Ge 0.1868; (Ag): Ge 0.0666; (Ge): Ge 1 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table V, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-OP5G7R2CFL` |  |
| 924 | other: L2 ⇌ L1 + (Ag) + (Ge) | L2: Ge 0.55, Ni 0.137; L1: Ge 0.26, Ni 0.002; (Ag): Ge 0.096; (Ge): Ge 1 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 7; `ORC-5NHFH573RW` |  |
| 921 | eutectic: L ⇌ GeNi + (Ag) + (Ge) | L: Ge 0.553, Ni 0.143; GeNi: Ge 0.5, Ni 0.5; (Ag): Ge 0.095; Ge: Ge 1 | model | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VIII, p. 9, row 8; `ORC-V7AQOWUPYC` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase equilibrium (13)

Table: Phase equilibrium, Ag–Ge–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase composition |  | 673 | (Ag) + (Ge) + GeNi; _(Ag): Ag 0.962, Ge 0.027, Ni 0.011; (Ge): Ag 0, Ge 0.987, Ni 0.013; GeNi: Ag 0, Ge 0.485, Ni 0.515_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VI, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-INHDBVOVZW` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 673 | (Ag) + (Ge) + GeNi; _(Ag): Ag 0.962, Ge 0.029, Ni 0.009; (Ge): Ag 0.001, Ge 0.984, Ni 0.015; GeNi: Ag 0, Ge 0.487, Ni 0.513_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VI, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-YD2QXPRJ3D` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 673 | (Ag) + GeNi + Ge12Ni19 + (Ge); _(Ag): Ag 0.934, Ge 0.038, Ni 0.028; (Ge): Ag 0, Ge 0.48, Ni 0.52; Ge12Ni19: Ag 0, Ge 0.369, Ni 0.631_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VI, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-HMU72ZLHXB` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 673 | (Ag) + GeNi + Ge12Ni19 + (Ge); _(Ag): Ag 0.939, Ge 0.033, Ni 0.028; (Ge): Ag 0, Ge 0.48, Ni 0.52; Ge12Ni19: Ag 0, Ge 0.37, Ni 0.63_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VI, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-VMI35HGXHD` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + (Ge) + GeNi + L; _L: Ag 0.827, Ge 0.155, Ni 0.018; GeNi: Ag 0.003, Ge 0.482, Ni 0.515_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-4X5X7RKL2A` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + (Ge) + GeNi + L; _L: Ag 0.849, Ge 0.131, Ni 0.02; GeNi: Ag 0.006, Ge 0.48, Ni 0.514_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 8; `ORC-JJQXYJARQQ` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + (Ge) + GeNi + L; _L: Ag 0.837, Ge 0.153, Ni 0.01; GeNi: Ag 0.008, Ge 0.468, Ni 0.524_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-V5ZCBMZMW5` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + Ge3Ni5; _(Ag): Ag 0.962, Ge 0.029, Ni 0.009; Ge3Ni5: Ag 0.001, Ge 0.352, Ni 0.647_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-DOWQEQ3HYH` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + Ge3Ni5; _(Ag): Ag 0.915, Ge 0.016, Ni 0.069; Ge3Ni5: Ag 0.021, Ge 0.307, Ni 0.672_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ESPYJRFLAC` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + Ge3Ni5; _(Ag): Ag 0.992, Ge 0.007, Ni 0.001; Ge3Ni5: Ag 0.002, Ge 0.335, Ni 0.663_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 9; `ORC-Q5JR5N2O3K` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + GeNi + Ge2Ni3; _(Ag): Ag 0.945, Ge 0.043, Ni 0.012; GeNi: Ag 0.003, Ge 0.452, Ni 0.545_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-5KYQC5E4E3` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + GeNi + Ge2Ni3; _(Ag): Ag 0.919, Ge 0.065, Ni 0.016; GeNi: Ag 0.006, Ge 0.458, Ni 0.536_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-FOIKZNN3TP` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1023 | (Ag) + GeNi + Ge2Ni3; _(Ag): Ag 0.889, Ge 0.09, Ni 0.021; GeNi: Ag 0.002, Ge 0.477, Ni 0.521_ | experimental | [1] Rajkumar 2018 | Table VII, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-IJXL2JCADG` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. V. B. Rajkumar, Sinn-Wen Chen, Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Descriptions of Ag-Ge and Ag-Ge-Ni Systems, Journal of Elec Materi 47, 3666-3677 (2018). [doi:10.1007/s11664-018-6216-7](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6216-7)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).