# Ag system

> Ag system: 26 accepted literature values (crystal structure 21, formation 2, activity / EMF / Gibbs energy 2, mixing / partial 1) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG.md

26 accepted literature values from 13 paper(s) (experimental 7, model 2, DFT 4, unspecified 13); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/AG.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#AG) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/AG.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AG.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 7 |
| model | 2 |
| DFT | 4 |
| unspecified | 13 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| formation | 2 |
| mixing / partial | 1 |
| activity / EMF / Gibbs energy | 2 |
| crystal structure | 21 |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Ag system (2)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| α-Ag |  | 0.518 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [1] Li 2018 | Table 4, p. 6, row 3; `ORC-536MYGGDN3` |  |
| α-Ag |  | 0.561 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [1] Li 2018 | Table 4, p. 6, row 4; `ORC-L7YW7KOMQ3` |  |

## Other properties

### Mixing / partial (1)

Table: Mixing / partial, Ag system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enthalpy of mixing; _printed: ΔH_ | 0 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 1373 | liquid; _alloy: Ag 1_ | experimental | [2] Witusiewicz 2004 | Table 2, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-D4UB6MT7XP.e066d2` |  |

### Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (2)

Table: Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Ag system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gibbs energy; _printed: Δ°G_ | -6887 J/mol |  | liquid Ag | experimental | [3] Assal 1997; _cites Sieverts 1909_ | Table I, p. 2, row 13; `ORC-XNG6K44SHM` |  |
| Gibbs energy; _printed: Δ°G_ | -6975 J/mol | 1348 | liquid Ag | experimental | [3] Assal 1997; _cites Donnan 1910_ | Table I, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-XB4OBER4ZF.674d93` |  |

### Crystal structure (21)

Table: Crystal structure, Ag system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å |  | (Ag); _(Ag): Ag 1_ | experimental | [4] Karakaya 1987; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 4, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-YYVN2DF6OA.780394` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.149 Å |  | Ag | DFT | [5] Hao 2012 | Table 1, p. 5, row 8; `ORC-JUS2FDGFF3` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 4.155 Å |  | Ag | model | [6] Long 2010; _cites Wang 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2004.05.002) | Table 1, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-PNP62ZBLT2` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 4.086 Å |  | Ag | model | [6] Long 2010; _cites Straumanis 1965_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 24; `ORC-WYRMRAX6IY` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.08612 Å | 294.15 | (Ag); _(Ag): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [7] Karakaya 1990 | Table 3, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-FK6CDRNCKY.f19f53` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.085 Å | 298.15 | Ag | experimental | [5] Hao 2012; _cites Spreadborough 1959_ | Table 1, p. 5, row 7; `ORC-B76QT27NQU` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag; _Ag: Ag 1_ | unspecified | [7] Karakaya 1990 | Table 3, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-CNN4FAK62S.44ae1c` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0782 Å | 298.15 | Ag; _Ag: Ag 1_ | unspecified | [8] Karakaya 1993 | Table 2, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-CVEBKSJBEX` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 4.154 Å | 298.15 | Ag | DFT | [6] Long 2010 | Table 1, p. 3, row 22; `ORC-HTZ3J7KHVO` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0857 Å | 298.15 | Ag; _Ag: Ag 1_ | unspecified | [8] Karakaya 1993 | Table 2, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-MG75L7CKXK` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag; _Ag: Ag 1_ | unspecified | [8] Karakaya 1993 | Table 2, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-ND4LVX627P` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | experimental | [9] Karakaya 1986; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-LJIGBSRBAQ.3876f5` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [9] Karakaya 1986; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 1, p. 1, row 1; `ORC-RNABF3L75O.ed80ac` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [10] Karakaya 1988; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 3, p. 3, row 1; `ORC-TGUNKV43RG` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [11] Karakaya 1986 | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-TL6RWRZFVX.2f2b4c` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [12] Karakaya 1986; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-TNYUDAOXB4.ba77be` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [13] Karakaya 1986 | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-Z4GYAM2GXT` |  |
| lattice unspecified axis | 4.08612 Å | 294.15 | (Ag); _(Ag): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [7] Karakaya 1990 | Table 3, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-FK6CDRNCKY.98f875` |  |
| lattice unspecified axis | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | (Ag); _(Ag): Ag 1_ | experimental | [4] Karakaya 1987; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 4, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-YYVN2DF6OA.308f06` |  |
| lattice unspecified axis | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag; _Ag: Ag 1_ | unspecified | [7] Karakaya 1990 | Table 3, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-CNN4FAK62S.e85f87` |  |
| lattice unspecified axis | 4.0861 Å | 298.15 | Ag(s); _Ag(s): Ag 1_ | unspecified | [9] Karakaya 1986; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 1, p. 1, row 1; `ORC-RNABF3L75O.610bc5` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Zhi Li, Shun-Li Shang, Jianyun Shen, Po-Hsien Liao, Zi-Kui Liu, Timothy J. Anderson, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Ag-Se System Aided by First-Principles Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 39, 870-881 (2018). [doi:10.1007/s11669-018-0683-7](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-018-0683-7)
2. V.T. Witusiewicz, U. Hecht, S.G. Fries, S. Rex, The Ag–Al–Cu system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 385, 133-143 (2004). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.04.126](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.04.126)
3. Jérôme Assal, Bengt Hallstedt, Ludwig J. Gauckler, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Silver–Oxygen System, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80, 3054-3060 (1997). [doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03232.x](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03232.x)
4. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag-Pt (Silver-Platinum) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 8, 334-340 (1987). [doi:10.1007/bf02869269](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02869269)
5. D. Hao, M. Bu, Y. Wang, Y. Tang, Q. Gao, M. Wang et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Na-X (X = Si, Ag, Cu, Cr) systems, J min metall B Metall 48, 273-282 (2012). [doi:10.2298/jmmb120113024h](https://doi.org/10.2298/jmmb120113024h)
6. Z.H. Long, Y.J. Yang, S. Jin, H.S. Liu, F. Zheng, Z.P. Jin, Thermodynamic assessments of Ag–Dy and Ag–Er binary systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 489, 146-151 (2010). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.036](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.036)
7. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag-Mn (Silver-Manganese) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 11, 480-486 (1990). [doi:10.1007/bf02898263](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02898263)
8. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag-Bi (Silver-Bismuth) System, JPE 14, 525-530 (1993). [doi:10.1007/bf02671975](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02671975)
9. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag−Os (Silver-Osmium) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 7, 360-362 (1986). [doi:10.1007/bf02873022](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02873022)
10. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag−P (Silver-Phosphorus) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 9, 232-236 (1988). [doi:10.1007/bf02881270](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02881270)
11. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag−Ru (Silver-Ruthenium) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 7, 365-368 (1986). [doi:10.1007/bf02873024](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02873024)
12. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag−Rh (Silver-Rhodium) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 7, 362-365 (1986). [doi:10.1007/bf02873023](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02873023)
13. I. Karakaya, W. T. Thompson, The Ag−Ir (Silver-Iridium) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 7, 359-360 (1986). [doi:10.1007/bf02873021](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02873021)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).