# Al–C–Fe system

> Al–C–Fe system: 38 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 38) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-C-FE.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-C-FE.md

38 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (model 7, unspecified 31); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/AL-C-FE.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-C-FE.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#AL-C-FE) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/AL-C-FE.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-C-FE.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| model | 7 |
| unspecified | 31 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 38 |

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Al–C–Fe system (38)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2446.15 | peritectic: L + gr -> Al4C3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-J262QYU2FR` |  |
| 1591.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + α -> γ + κ |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 5; `ORC-5RYNDSIEJD` |  |
| 1591.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + α \<-> γ + κ | L: Al 0.193, C 0.077; α: Al 0.221, C 0.01; γ: Al 0.204, C 0.046; α phase: Al 0.221, C 0.01; γ phase: Al 0.204, C 0.046; Liquid phase: Al 0.193, C 0.077 | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 6, p. 5, row 4; `ORC-MO6ORBB3MT` |  |
| 1588.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + α \<-> γ + κ | L: Al 0.202, C 0.079; α: Al 0.27, C 0.007; γ: Al 0.245, C 0.04; α phase: Al 0.27, C 0.007; γ phase: Al 0.245, C 0.04; Liquid phase: Al 0.202, C 0.079 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites ref. 90Pal_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 3; `ORC-I6B6SD44I6` |  |
| 1586.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + α \<-> γ + κ | L: Al 0.213, C 0.09; Liquid phase: Al 0.213, C 0.09 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Schuermann 1986_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-VOKKVTZLMJ` |  |
| 1578.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> α + gr | L: Al 0.303, C 0.068; Liquid phase: Al 0.303, C 0.068 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Schuermann 1986_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 5; `ORC-JCTOOAWNUS` |  |
| 1570.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + α \<-> γ + κ | L: Al 0.203, C 0.097; α: Al 0.34, C 0.003; γ: Al 0.203, C 0.054; α phase: Al 0.34, C 0.003; γ phase: Al 0.203, C 0.054; Liquid phase: Al 0.203, C 0.097 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Raghavan 1987_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-GFKHZHMPFU` |  |
| 1570.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ -> α + gr |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-RPTX5KEGER` |  |
| 1570.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> α + gr | L: Al 0.333, C 0.06; α: Al 0.348, C 0.009; α phase: Al 0.348, C 0.009; Liquid phase: Al 0.333, C 0.06 | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 6, p. 5, row 8; `ORC-VIMVKV6T6E` |  |
| 1568.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> α + gr | L: Al 0.342, C 0.054; α: Al 0.337, C 0.007; α phase: Al 0.337, C 0.007; Liquid phase: Al 0.342, C 0.054 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites ref. 90Pal_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 7; `ORC-4P5M6QGIXC` |  |
| 1567.15 | eutectic: L -> α + Al4C3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 7; `ORC-LR3CB6Y5NF` |  |
| 1563.15 | eutectic: L \<-> α + gr + Al4C3 | L: Al 0.396, C 0.048; α: Al 0.398, C 0.007; α phase: Al 0.398, C 0.007; Liquid phase: Al 0.396, C 0.048 | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 6, p. 5, row 17; `ORC-CDDDNTACUV` |  |
| 1563.15 | eutectic: L -> α + gr + Al4C3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 8; `ORC-ZLQFOWJ3O2` |  |
| 1563 | eutectic: liquid -> bcc (a) + A14C3 + graphite |  | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | p. 7; `ORC-HC2AK6N3NK` | “In addition to the above invariant reactions, the computed results predict a ternary eutectic reaction, Eb at 1563 K (1290 "C) with the liquid composition at 39.6 at.% AI and 4.8 at.% C, which yields bcc (a) of 39.8 at.% Al and 0.66 at.% C, A14C3 and graphite.” |
| 1558.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> α + gr | L: Al 0.386, C 0.03; α: Al 0.368, C 0.003; α phase: Al 0.368, C 0.003; Liquid phase: Al 0.386, C 0.03 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Raghavan 1987_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-4TVSTFQ65F` |  |
| 1557.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> γ + gr | L: Al 0.17, C 0.114; Liquid phase: Al 0.17, C 0.114 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Schuermann 1986_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 9; `ORC-MS667E7WH4` |  |
| 1555.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> γ + gr | L: Al 0.134, C 0.124; γ: Al 0.165, C 0.045; γ phase: Al 0.165, C 0.045; Liquid phase: Al 0.134, C 0.124 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites ref. 90Pal_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 11; `ORC-CD7TURAAXR` |  |
| 1555.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ -> γ + gr |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 9; `ORC-H5V5Q7CPQF` |  |
| 1555.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> γ + gr | L: Al 0.123, C 0.116; γ: Al 0.148, C 0.074; γ phase: Al 0.148, C 0.074; Liquid phase: Al 0.123, C 0.116 | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 6, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-QRTZ63JSOV` |  |
| 1553.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + κ \<-> γ + gr | L: Al 0.154, C 0.116; γ: Al 0.173, C 0.092; γ phase: Al 0.173, C 0.092; Liquid phase: Al 0.154, C 0.116 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Raghavan 1987_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 10; `ORC-XROUSLALDQ` |  |
| 1483.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + α -> ε + Al4C3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 11; `ORC-DMTEWWM4RH` |  |
| 1437.15 | eutectic: L -> ε + Fe2Al5 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 12; `ORC-BGFUFXV7ZT` |  |
| 1433.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + ε -> Al4C3 + Fe2Al5 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 13; `ORC-BWPOIU5NGO` |  |
| 1430.15 | peritectic: L + Fe2Al5 -> FeAl3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 14; `ORC-EQ72GG7IOS` |  |
| 1428.15 | quasi-peritectic: L + Fe2Al5 -> Al4C3 + FeAl3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 15; `ORC-3WCJJQFWZE` |  |
| 1427.15 | other: ε + Fe2Al5 -> FeAl2 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 16; `ORC-LT36JW4K42` |  |
| 1423.15 | quasi-peritectic: ε + Fe2Al5 -> Al4C3 + FeAl2 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 18; `ORC-MZARDO3ANE` |  |
| 1365.15 | other: ε -> α + FeAl2 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 19; `ORC-7LPLHVKOLQ` |  |
| 1363.15 | other: ε -> Al4C3 + α + FeAl2 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 20; `ORC-KGELXRBGLY` |  |
| 1263.15 | quasi-peritectic: α + gr \<-> Al4C3 + κ | α: Al 0.379, C 0.001; α phase: Al 0.379, C 0.001 | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 6, p. 5, row 13; `ORC-AZ3LMWXHWG` |  |
| 1263.15 | quasi-peritectic: α + gr -> Al4C3 + κ |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 21; `ORC-ZLM5LWZDOE` |  |
| 1098.15 | quasi-peritectic: κ + γ \<-> α + gr | γ: Al 0.085, C 0.048; α: Al 0.085, C 0.007; α phase: Al 0.085, C 0.007; γ phase: Al 0.085, C 0.048 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites ref. 90Pal_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 15; `ORC-TY4LXLPR4E` |  |
| 1094.15 | quasi-peritectic: κ + γ \<-> α + gr | γ: Al 0.104, C 0.048; α: Al 0.115, C 0.001; α phase: Al 0.115, C 0.001; γ phase: Al 0.104, C 0.048 | model | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 6, p. 5, row 16; `ORC-BCY5DPC4LO` |  |
| 1094.15 | quasi-peritectic: κ + γ -> α + gr |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 22; `ORC-IZI7KL4SX5` |  |
| 1003.15 | quasi-peritectic: κ + γ \<-> α + gr | γ: Al 0.096, C 0.047; α: Al 0.108, C 0; α phase: Al 0.108, C 0; γ phase: Al 0.096, C 0.047 | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991; _cites Raghavan 1987_ | Table 6, p. 5, row 14; `ORC-B2WVXGL3X4` |  |
| 933.15 | eutectic: L -> (Al) + Al4C3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 24; `ORC-XV6H27EWS4` |  |
| 925.15 | eutectic: L -> FeAl3 + (Al) |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 25; `ORC-XJHRYW7V5Z` |  |
| 923.15 | eutectic: L -> Al4C3 + (Al) + FeAl3 |  | unspecified | [1] Kumar 1991 | Table 7, p. 6, row 26; `ORC-55IMDTGHX6` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. K. C. Hari Kumar, V. Raghavan, A Thermodynamic Analysis of the Al-C-Fe System, JPE 12, 275-286 (1991). [doi:10.1007/bf02649916](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649916)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).