# Al–Ce system

> Al–Ce system: 24 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 14, phase transition 9, formation 1) and 4 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-CE.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-CE.md

24 accepted literature values from 3 paper(s) (experimental 3, model 20, DFT 1); 4 calculated phase diagram(s). 22 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/AL-CE.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-CE.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#AL-CE) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#AL-CE/AlCe-01Cac.json) · [phases (17)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/AL-CE.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/AL-CE.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/AL-CE.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 3 |
| model | 20 |
| DFT | 1 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 14 |
| phase transition | 9 |
| formation | 1 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | G. Cacciamani, R. Ferro, Calphad, 25, 583-97(2001). [doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(02)00009-3](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0364-5916%2802%2900009-3) | `8098fbd6df59b76025b6a346caa6467f8ab040759728f0142a7d172d4b14e53b` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#AL-CE/AlCe-01Cac.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/AlCe-01Cac.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/AlCe-01Cac.json) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | M.C. Gao, N. Unlu, G.J. Shiflet, M. Mihalkovic, M. Widom, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 26A, 3269-79(2005). [doi:10.1007/s11661-005-0001-y](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-005-0001-y) | `7f218872b91de97ec5b97b241aefcccd47594f5a1fc5f072641c92e459c433a4` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#AL-CE/AlCe-05Gao.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/AlCe-05Gao.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/AlCe-05Gao.json) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | G. Cacciamani, G. Borzone, R. Ferro, COST 507, Final report round 2, 1998. | `fa2be26935d723de41b2a5b794641bbe2e2119d8d770cc4b0de1a7b504e8aaca` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#AL-CE/AlCe-98Cac-COST.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/AlCe-98Cac-COST.json) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | G. Cacciamani, G. Borzone, R. Ferro, COST 507, Final report round 2, 1998. | `e9f69b0d88bcade25e49fb9ab6bb21965f3e76ab57afa414ebae15d058a5f44a` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#AL-CE/AlCe-98Cac-LB.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/AlCe-98Cac-LB.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1528.96 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18739) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.32927) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1528.96 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18745) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.32928) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1407.2 | AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33081) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1407.2 | AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33082) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1290.32 | AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1290.32 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.08747) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1290.32 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.08736) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 1115.87 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.37883) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.62926) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 960.89 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.92788) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 0.98673) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99998) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 960.89 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.92796) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 0.98674) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99998) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 925.11 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.72124) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 925.11 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.72135) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 925.11 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.72141) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 904.01 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.02613) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 904.01 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.02602) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 904.01 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.02599) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 865.58 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.86475) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99998) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 865.58 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.86457) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99998) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 522.88 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-01Cac.tdb | 522.88 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1506.91 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18157) + AL4CE_D13 (x(Ce) 0.2) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1506.9 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18134) + AL4CE_D13 (x(Ce) 0.2) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1465.24 | AL4CE_D13 (x(Ce) 0.2) + AL3CE_BETA (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1293.17 | AL4CE_D13 (x(Ce) 0.2) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_BETA (x(Ce) 0.25) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1280.04 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.09435) + AL4CE_D13 (x(Ce) 0.2) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1280.04 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.09421) + AL4CE_D13 (x(Ce) 0.2) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1243.99 | AL3CE_BETA (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1243.99 | AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL3CE_BETA (x(Ce) 0.25) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1128.92 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.65272) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1128.91 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.65285) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1048.67 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE2_C37 (x(Ce) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.7104) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1048.67 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE2_C37 (x(Ce) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.71031) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 1048.67 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE2_C37 (x(Ce) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.71016) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 973.59 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.94193) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 0.98989) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99888) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 927.42 | ALCE2_C37 (x(Ce) 0.66667) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.78326) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 927.42 | ALCE2_C37 (x(Ce) 0.66667) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.78331) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 920.65 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE2_C37 (x(Ce) 0.66667) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 913.56 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.01958) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 913.55 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.01947) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 913.55 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.01944) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 861.41 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.87782) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99697) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 861.41 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.87786) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99697) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 523.38 | ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99996) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 523.38 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 523.38 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99996) |
| AlCe-05Gao.tdb | 523.38 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0.99996) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1497.11 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.17937) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1497.11 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.17934) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1497.11 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.17935) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1407.99 | AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1116.86 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.61909) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1116.86 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.6189) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1072 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 1) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1000 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.95626) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 1) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 1000 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.95655) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 911.32 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.70415) + ALCE3 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 911.32 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.70424) + ALCE3 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 911.32 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.70406) + ALCE3 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 902.59 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.02816) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 902.59 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.02808) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 902.59 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.02808) + AL11CE3 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 852.21 | ALCE3 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.85388) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-COST.tdb | 852.21 | ALCE3 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.85378) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1510.74 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18039) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1510.73 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18005) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1510.73 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.18006) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1408.02 | AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) + AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1292.98 | AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL3CE_D019 (x(Ce) 0.25) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1292.98 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.08915) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1292.98 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.08903) + AL11CE3_D13 (x(Ce) 0.21429) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1115.22 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.63774) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1115.22 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.63772) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1072 | AL2CE_C15 (x(Ce) 0.33333) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 1) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1000 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.95636) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 1) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 1000 | LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.9565) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) + BCC_A2 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 941.14 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.7092) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 941.13 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.70934) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 941.13 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.70935) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 897.03 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.03067) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 897.03 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.03052) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 897.03 | FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.0305) + AL11CE3_ALPHA (x(Ce) 0.21429) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 857.49 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.85528) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 857.49 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Ce) 0.85532) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 523.09 | ALCE (x(Ce) 0.5) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) |
| AlCe-98Cac-LB.tdb | 523.09 | ALCE3_L12 (x(Ce) 0.75) + ALCE3_D019 (x(Ce) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Ce) 1) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/AL/AL-CE.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/AL/AL-CE.json) · [CALPHAD hull AlCe-01Cac](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/AL/AL-CE--AlCe-01Cac.json) · [CALPHAD hull AlCe-98Cac-COST](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/AL/AL-CE--AlCe-98Cac-COST.json) · [CALPHAD hull AlCe-98Cac-LB](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/AL/AL-CE--AlCe-98Cac-LB.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Al–Ce system (14)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1529 | Liquid + CeAl2 -> βCe3Al11 | Liquid: Ce 0.1874; CeAl2: Ce 0.3293; βCe3Al11: Ce 0.2143 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-NKUWRRUIJL` |  |
| 1497.1 | peritectic: Liquid + Laves-C15\* -> Al11Ce3 | Liquid: Ce 0.179; Laves-C15\*: Ce 0.333; Al11Ce3: Ce 0.214 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 2; `ORC-U6CFDYSXRV` |  |
| 1408 | peritectoid: Al11Ce3 + Laves-C15\* -> Al3Ce | Al11Ce3: Ce 0.214; Laves-C15\*: Ce 0.333; Al3Ce: Ce 0.25 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 7; `ORC-2HGIK3NW3C` |  |
| 1407 | βCe3Al11 + CeAl2 -> CeAl3 | βCe3Al11: Ce 0.2143; CeAl2: Ce 0.3308; CeAl3: Ce 0.25 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-LOCXPBFHKE` |  |
| 1116.9 | peritectic: Liquid + Laves-C15\* -> AlCe | Liquid: Ce 0.619; Laves-C15\*: Ce 0.333; AlCe: Ce 0.5 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 3; `ORC-SFWMHURFXI` |  |
| 1116 | Liquid + CeAl2 -> AlCe | Liquid: Ce 0.6292; CeAl2: Ce 0.3788; AlCe: Ce 0.5 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-6RS3ZKZAWG` |  |
| 1000 | polymorphic: Liquid -> bcc-A2 + fcc-A1 | Liquid: Ce 0.956; bcc-A2: Ce 1; fcc-A1: Ce 1 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 6; `ORC-XCGOKM57RB` |  |
| 961 | (δCe) -> Liquid + (γCe) | (δCe): Ce 0.9867; Liquid: Ce 0.926; (γCe): Ce 0.9999 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 11; `ORC-Q4HNDPR6OH` |  |
| 925 | eutectic: Liquid -> AlCe + αCe3Al | Liquid: Ce 0.7213; AlCe: Ce 0.5; αCe3Al: Ce 0.75 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-3QHICUGEPJ` |  |
| 911.3 | eutectic: Liquid -> AlCe + AlCe3 | Liquid: Ce 0.704; AlCe: Ce 0.5; AlCe3: Ce 0.75 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 4; `ORC-EVYOQ5ZFYW` |  |
| 904 | eutectic: Liquid -> αCe3Al11 + (Al) | Liquid: Ce 0.026; αCe3Al11: Ce 0.2143; (Al): Ce 0 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-P245GNDTGO` |  |
| 902.6 | eutectic: Liquid -> fcc-A1 + Al11Ce3 | Liquid: Ce 0.028; fcc-A1: Ce 0; Al11Ce3: Ce 0.214 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 1; `ORC-JVP6J5AWWX` |  |
| 866 | eutectic: Liquid -> αCe3Al + (γCe) | Liquid: Ce 0.8647; αCe3Al: Ce 0.75; (γCe): Ce 0.9999 | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 9; `ORC-NI5AZXEZ3N` |  |
| 852.2 | eutectic: Liquid -> AlCe3 + fcc-A1 | Liquid: Ce 0.854; AlCe3: Ce 0.75; fcc-A1: Ce 1 | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 5; `ORC-C4A5OFTFOE` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Al–Ce system (1)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| βAlCe3 |  | -15.013 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [3] Gao 2005 | Table I, p. 6, row 8; `ORC-S72IPLFJDI.2f91ab` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (9)

Table: Phase transition, Al–Ce system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 523 K | 523 | αCe3Al -> βCe3Al; _αCe3Al: Ce 0.75; βCe3Al: Ce 0.75_ | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 10; `ORC-GQRHAVAWR2` |  |
| Phase transition | 928.15 K | 928.15 | congruent transformation | experimental | [3] Gao 2005; _cites Buschow 1966_ | p. 3; `ORC-AZESHUWNWV` | “Note that Al25Ce75 was reported to melt congruently at 655 °C by Buschow et al.;\[8\] this is fairly close to the present value.” |
| Phase transition | 930 K | 930 | Liquid -> αCe3Al; _Liquid: Ce 0.75; αCe3Al: Ce 0.75_ | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 8; `ORC-EJJPSKAPP5` |  |
| Phase transition | 958.15 K | 958.15 | congruent transformation | experimental | [3] Gao 2005; _cites Saccone 1996_ | p. 3; `ORC-BAPCJET3M4` | “On the other hand, Saccone et al. reported that Al25Ce75 melted congruently at 685 °C,\[17\] but they also reported another peak at 600 °C for this alloy.\[17\]” |
| Phase transition | 1290 K | 1290 | βCe3Al11 -> αCe3Al11; _βCe3Al11: Ce 0.2143; αCe3Al11: Ce 0.2143_ | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-6GOMQDGYE7` |  |
| Phase transition | 1728.15 K | 1728.15 | congruent transformation | experimental | [3] Gao 2005 | p. 8; `ORC-4FK2AT5I6G.0a170d` | “The Al2Ce is found to melt congruently at 1455 °C, while it was reported as 1480 °C.\[8\]” |
| Phase transition | 1748 K | 1748 | Liquid -> CeAl2; _Liquid: Ce 0.3357; CeAl2: Ce 0.3357_ | model | [1] Cacciamani 2001 | Table 3, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-RW35DLPEPE` |  |
| Phase transition | 1752 K | 1752 | congruent melting: Laves-C15\* -> Liquid; _Laves-C15\*: Ce 0.333; Liquid: Ce 0.333_ | model | [2] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 38, row 8; `ORC-3UBZDI373X` |  |
| Phase transition | 1753.15 K | 1753.15 | congruent transformation | model | [3] Gao 2005 | p. 8; `ORC-4FK2AT5I6G.b8e0b9` | “The Al2Ce is found to melt congruently at 1455 °C, while it was reported as 1480 °C.\[8\]” |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. G. Cacciamani, R. Ferro, Thermodynamic modeling of some aluminium-rare earth binary systems: Al-La, Al-Ce and Al-Nd, Calphad 25, 583-597 (2001). [doi:10.1016/s0364-5916(02)00009-3](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0364-5916%2802%2900009-3)
2. I. Ansara, A. T. Dinsdale, M. H. Rand (eds.), COST 507: Thermochemical database for light metal alloys, Volume 2, EUR 18499 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg (1998), ISBN 92-828-3902-8.
3. Michael C. Gao, Necip Ünlü, G. J. Shiflet, Marek Mihalkovic, Michael Widom, Reassessment of Al-Ce and Al-Nd binary systems supported by critical experiments and first-principles energy calculations, Metall Mater Trans A 36, 3269-3279 (2005). [doi:10.1007/s11661-005-0001-y](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-005-0001-y)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).