# Bi–Cu–Ni system > Bi–Cu–Ni system: 6 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 6) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-CU-NI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-CU-NI.md 6 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (model 6); 0 calculated phase diagram(s). Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/BI-CU-NI.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-CU-NI.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#BI-CU-NI) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/BI-CU-NI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-CU-NI.md) Table: Accepted values by evidence class | Evidence class | Values | |---|---:| | model | 6 | Table: Accepted values by property group | Property group | Values | |---|---:| | invariant reaction | 6 | ## Invariant reactions (literature) Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Bi–Cu–Ni system (6) | T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote | |---:|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 703.7 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu,Ni) | L: Bi 0.891, Ni 0.084; BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | model | [1] Liu 2016; _cites Markovic 2010_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004) | Table V, p. 7, row 8; `ORC-2QCE3D7TTF` | | | 701.9 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu,Ni) | L: Bi 0.896, Ni 0.037; BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | model | [1] Liu 2016; _cites Gao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0302) | Table V, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-3YKF3LNJQV` | | | 698.31 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu,Ni) | L: Bi 0.9148, Ni 0.0662; BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | model | [1] Liu 2016 | Table V, p. 7, row 9; `ORC-MMRY2GARXQ` | | | 542.3 | Liquid -> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu) | L: Bi 0.989, Ni 0.006; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | model | [1] Liu 2016; _cites Gao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0302) | Table V, p. 7, row 10; `ORC-DREZKFMX32` | | | 541.9 | Liquid -> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu) | L: Bi 0.988, Ni 0.008; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | model | [1] Liu 2016; _cites Markovic 2010_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2010.05.004) | Table V, p. 7, row 11; `ORC-5VVQQEEMGL` | | | 541.9 | Liquid -> (Bi) + Bi3Ni + fcc(Cu) | L: Bi 0.988, Ni 0.0078; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | model | [1] Liu 2016 | Table V, p. 7, row 12; `ORC-GNGU37XF6G` | | ## Sources Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row). 1. Yuling Liu, Shuhong Liu, Cong Zhang, Xingxu Lu, Chong Chen, Yong Du et al., Thermodynamic Assessment of the Bi–Ni and Bi–Ni–X (X = Ag, Cu) Systems, Journal of Elec Materi 45, 1041-1056 (2016). [doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9) ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_literature_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).