# Bi–In system

> Bi–In system: 17 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 16, model expression 1) and 3 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-IN.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-IN.md

17 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 9, model 8); 3 calculated phase diagram(s). 4 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/BI-IN.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-IN.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#BI-IN) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-IN/BiIn-02Cui.json) · [phases (10)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/BI-IN.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/BI-IN.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-IN.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 9 |
| model | 8 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 16 |
| model expression | 1 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | Y. Cui, S. Ishihara, X.J. Liu, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, H. Ohtani, K. Ishida, Mater. Trans. (JIM), 43, 1879-86(2002). [doi:10.2320/matertrans.43.1879](https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.43.1879) | `887591159496af2fd0a04756b0a016be8079e76e304cc0613a52a5fce404f8f4` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-IN/BiIn-02Cui.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiIn-02Cui.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiIn-02Cui.json) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | P.-Y Chevalier, Calphad, 12, 383-92(1988). [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(88)90040-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2888%2990040-5) | `cac488a2c3db9a2b0504355c776f3614d68193bcb3fc92b56af3cefc0655c6e1` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-IN/BiIn-88Che-LB.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiIn-88Che-LB.json) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | P.-Y Chevalier, Calphad, 12, 383-92(1988). [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(88)90040-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2888%2990040-5) | `83cf71e5240934370fbd427dc5324e2d03636f66d74ae0ced6c20aa8371f95a9` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-IN/BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 382.37 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 6.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47516) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 382.37 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 6.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47468) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 366.73 | LIQUID (x(In) 0.82537) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.91811) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.93055) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 362.01 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.64741) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 362.01 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.64732) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 361.26 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.65885) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 361.26 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.65893) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 345.72 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.77768) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.87436) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 345.72 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.77776) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.87445) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 322.22 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.90324) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.92156) |
| BiIn-02Cui.tdb | 322.22 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.90324) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.92156) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 382.36 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 6.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47494) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 382.36 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 6.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47443) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 364.49 | LIQUID (x(In) 0.82993) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.91059) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.9212) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 361.86 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.65013) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 361.86 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.6501) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 361.86 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.65009) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 360.91 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.66327) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 360.91 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.6633) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 360.91 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.66294) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 360.91 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.66295) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 343.65 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.78342) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.87202) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 343.65 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.78353) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.87213) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 318.91 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.90873) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.91951) |
| BiIn-88Che-LB.tdb | 318.91 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.90871) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.91949) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 382.36 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 0) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47492) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 382.36 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 0) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47442) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 382.36 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(In) 0) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.47395) + BIIN (x(In) 0.5) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 364 | LIQUID (x(In) 0.82892) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.89977) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.9206) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 361.86 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.65013) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 361.86 | BIIN (x(In) 0.5) + BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.6501) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 360.91 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.66327) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 360.91 | BI3IN5 (x(In) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.6633) + BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 344.93 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.77875) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.84619) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 344.93 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(In) 0.77916) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.8467) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 319.71 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.891) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.91868) |
| BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.tdb | 319.71 | BIIN2_B82 (x(In) 0.66667) + TET_ALPHA1_A6 (x(In) 0.891) + TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(In) 0.91868) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/BI/BI-IN.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/BI/BI-IN.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiIn-88Che-LB](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-IN--BiIn-88Che-LB.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiIn-88Che-SGSOL](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-IN--BiIn-88Che-SGSOL.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Bi–In system (16)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 383.15 | congruent melting: BiIn(β)=L | BiIn(β): In 0.5; L: In 0.5 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-XJ4QY3D4BG` |  |
| 382.93 | congruent melting: BiIn(β)=L | BiIn(β): In 0.5; L: In 0.5 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-AFUSY5HETV` |  |
| 382.65 | rho+BiIn(β)=L | BiIn(β): Bi 0.5, In 0.5; L: In 0.473 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-FOG4DCGJGN` |  |
| 382.33 | rho+BiIn(β)=L | BiIn(β): Bi 0.5, In 0.5; L: In 0.475 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-EG6UX6VHPN` |  |
| 365.65 | L+bct(α)\<->fct(α1) | L: In 0.837 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 16; `ORC-QTOH3UZ3LY` |  |
| 364.02 | L+bct(α)\<->fct(α1) | L: In 0.829 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 15; `ORC-N2A3GKHCLR` |  |
| 363 | congruent melting: BiIn2(δ)=L | BiIn2(δ): In 0.666; L: In 0.666 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-PPS4SKL6HB` |  |
| 362.15 | L=BiIn(β)+Bi3In5(γ) | L: In 0.61; BiIn(β): Bi 0.5, In 0.5; Bi3In5(γ): Bi 0.375, In 0.625 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-PJJIEVLZTP` |  |
| 361.84 | L+BiIn(β)=Bi3In5(γ) | L: In 0.65; BiIn(β): Bi 0.5, In 0.5; Bi3In5(γ): Bi 0.375, In 0.625 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 6; `ORC-6QB3QLSKBA` |  |
| 361 | L=Bi3In5(γ)+BiIn2(δ) | L: In 0.65; Bi3In5(γ): Bi 0.375, In 0.625; BiIn2(δ): Bi 0.333333, In 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-2B6I2MLXVL` |  |
| 360.95 | congruent melting: BiIn2(δ)=L | BiIn2(δ): In 0.666; L: In 0.666 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-DIAUCIEVL2` |  |
| 360.9 | L=Bi3In5(γ)+BiIn2(δ) | L: In 0.663; Bi3In5(γ): Bi 0.375, In 0.625; BiIn2(δ): Bi 0.333333, In 0.666667 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 7; `ORC-NTD6GVDSDY` |  |
| 345.15 | BiIn2(δ)+fct(α1)=L | BiIn2(δ): Bi 0.333333, In 0.666667; L: In 0.784; α1: In 0.878 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-DVGH7KAK6O` |  |
| 343.62 | BiIn2(δ)+fct(α1)=L | BiIn2(δ): Bi 0.333333, In 0.666667; L: In 0.784; α1: In 0.872 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-HXTVBPNULK` |  |
| 322.15 | BiIn2(δ)+bct(α)=fct(α1) | BiIn2(δ): Bi 0.333333, In 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-RCLLVYU76O` |  |
| 319.52 | BiIn2(δ)+bct(α)=fct(α1) | BiIn2(δ): Bi 0.333333, In 0.666667 | model | [1] Chevalier 1988 | Table 3, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-D4ZI4M7ZCZ` |  |

## Other properties

### Model expression (1)

Table: Model expression, Bi–In system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| hm form expression term; _printed: AH(B)_ | -753 unspecified ± 42 |  |  | experimental | [1] Chevalier 1988; _cites ref. 1141_ | p. 2; `ORC-LHINNBMUPT.37ac3d` | “The heats of formation have been measured by calorimetry by Robinson and Bever 1141 -T=273K ; AH(B)=-753+42 J/g.at ; AH(6) =-502+42 J/g.at-, Boom et al. ; AH(v)=-16952226 J/g.at-; AH(6)=-456? 1151 -T=273K ; AH(B)= -2975 ?251 J/g.at )=-732+63 J/g.at ; AH(y )=-544t63 J/g. 230 J/g.at-, and Singh 1161 -T=273K ; AHH(B at ; AH( 6)=-481?63 J/g.at-.” |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Pierre-Yves Chevalier, A Thermodynamic evaluation of the Bi-In System, Calphad 12, 383-391 (1988). [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(88)90040-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2888%2990040-5)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).