# Bi–Ni system

> Bi–Ni system: 139 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 104, phase equilibrium 23, crystal structure 10, phase transition 2) and 7 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-NI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-NI.md

139 accepted literature values from 5 paper(s) (experimental 89, model 24, unspecified 26); 7 calculated phase diagram(s). 19 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/BI-NI.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-NI.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#BI-NI) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-05Vas.json) · [phases (7)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/BI-NI.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/BI-NI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/BI-NI.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 89 |
| model | 24 |
| unspecified | 26 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 104 |
| phase transition | 2 |
| phase equilibrium | 23 |
| crystal structure | 10 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | G.P. Vassilev, X.J. Liu, K. Ishida, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus., 26, 161-68(2005). [doi:10.1361/15477030523030](https://doi.org/10.1361/15477030523030) | `ad600d039b2e958f263bc9a22d162107afc9864caf697e266d58063f27ae674f` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-05Vas.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-05Vas.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-05Vas.json) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | S.-K. Seo, M.G. Cho, H.M. Lee, J. Electron. Mater., 36, 1536-44(2007). [doi:10.1007/s11664-007-0256-8](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-007-0256-8) | `8d44fd0da5fd31a5daeddb3d0eb8fbcffd6bc4ba66ff73592b3f4b020704d7b2` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-07Seo.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-07Seo.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-07Seo.json) |
| BiNi-07Vas.tdb | G.P. Vassilev, J. Romanowska, G. Wnuk, Int. J. Mater. Res., 98, 468-75(2007). [doi:10.3139/146.101499](https://doi.org/10.3139/146.101499) | `f08f20b79c718bd34c3e60d0fc50f7c5116c9a6cd423b1ee6f8a136ae525faff` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-07Vas.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-07Vas.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-07Vas.json) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | G. Vassilev, V. Gandova, P. Docheva, Cryst. Res. Technol., 44, 25-30(2009). [doi:10.1002/crat.200800391](https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.200800391) | `1bbdd3b0fa5e8e35d8120cc8af5766f88b261187b30572fd69e697349d535ece` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-09Vas.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-09Vas.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-09Vas.json) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | J. Wang, F.G. Meng, L.B. Liu, Z.P. Jin, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 21, 139-45(2011). [doi:10.1016/S1003-6326(11)60690-0](https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326%2811%2960690-0) | `2d2d0758cb2cff936f937a4bac0057846d0e1f7b91d0141299425bafab011e91` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-11Wan.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-11Wan.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-11Wan.json) |
| BiNi-16Liu.tdb | Y. Liu, S. Liu, C. Zhang, X. Lu, C. Chen, Y. Du, D. Zivkovic, J. Electron. Mater., 45, 1041-56(2016). [doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9) | `dcdf56b33716ef70032f39839e0bc53b5f87757c926ba6bda7540c1b3836cc47` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-16Liu.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-16Liu.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-16Liu.json) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | W. Gierlotka, J. Lee, V. Lim, W. Gasior, A. Debski, Calphad, 69, 101750(2020). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2020.101750](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2020.101750) | `6ee1cd85b3441fba1b80b0400a6718eace9e90fd5f009ec028c23ad1175270ca` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#BI-NI/BiNi-20Gie.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/BiNi-20Gie.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/BiNi-20Gie.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | 918.91 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.18572) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48824) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.9951) |
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | 737.93 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.08688) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48621) |
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | 737.93 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.08683) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48621) |
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | 543.35 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.0053) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | 543.35 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00527) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-05Vas.tdb | 543.35 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00527) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 1629.58 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.66182) + LIQUID#2 (x(Ni) 0.84555) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99962) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 924.57 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.20115) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.49287) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.9992) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 741.21 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.08003) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48815) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 741.21 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.08) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48815) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 543.71 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00384) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 543.71 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00379) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-07Seo.tdb | 543.71 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00377) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-07Vas.tdb | 919.01 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.23825) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.49027) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.97833) |
| BiNi-07Vas.tdb | 737.99 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.12269) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.4848) |
| BiNi-07Vas.tdb | 737.99 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.12263) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48479) |
| BiNi-07Vas.tdb | 543 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.0069) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-07Vas.tdb | 543 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00674) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | 920.19 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.24083) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48512) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99515) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | 737.36 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.1184) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.47901) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | 737.36 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.11837) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.47901) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | 542.82 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00765) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | 542.82 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.0075) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-09Vas.tdb | 542.82 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.0075) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | 907.54 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.20869) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.49538) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99845) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | 745.59 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.09686) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48847) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | 745.59 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.09681) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48846) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | 543.92 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.0029) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | 543.92 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00283) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-11Wan.tdb | 543.92 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00283) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-16Liu.tdb | 920.09 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.24149) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.49594) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99428) |
| BiNi-16Liu.tdb | 737.83 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.11645) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48404) |
| BiNi-16Liu.tdb | 737.83 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.1164) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48404) |
| BiNi-16Liu.tdb | 542.84 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00819) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-16Liu.tdb | 542.84 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00806) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | 918.77 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.26443) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.49992) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.98556) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | 737.83 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.11025) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48825) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | 737.83 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.11016) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) + BINI_B81 (x(Ni) 0.48824) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | 544 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00259) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | 544 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00253) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |
| BiNi-20Gie.tdb | 544 | RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.00252) + BI3NI (x(Ni) 0.25) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/BI/BI-NI.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/BI/BI-NI.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiNi-05Vas](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-NI--BiNi-05Vas.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiNi-07Seo](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-NI--BiNi-07Seo.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiNi-07Vas](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-NI--BiNi-07Vas.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiNi-09Vas](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-NI--BiNi-09Vas.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiNi-11Wan](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-NI--BiNi-11Wan.json) · [CALPHAD hull BiNi-16Liu](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/BI/BI-NI--BiNi-16Liu.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Bi–Ni system (104)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 927.15 | peritectic: L + fcc -> NiBi | L: Bi 0.79; fcc: Bi 0; NiBi: Bi 0.48 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Nash 1985_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02880519) | Table III, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-SFYVFKY45G` |  |
| 927 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | L: Ni 0.216; BiNi: Ni 0.5 | model | [2] WANG 2011 | Table 2, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-6YIG7AIEBU` |  |
| 927 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Kuzmin 1969_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-CCD3FRAX7L` |  |
| 927 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | Liquid: Bi 0.79; BiNi: Bi 0.5 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Portevin 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/190805030110) | Table IV, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-FDTATG3QNY` |  |
| 927 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.5; L: Bi 0.802 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 6_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-HGMAYQAU6S` |  |
| 927 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 14_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-HTNQMQQW2C` |  |
| 927 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.5; L: Bi 0.802 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Portevin 1908_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-W5I7MLZ4BP` |  |
| 927 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Kuzmin 1969_ | Table IV, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-XVVFH3GULW` |  |
| 927 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites PORTEVIN 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/190805030110) | Table 2, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-ZWI2LVLAEK` |  |
| 926 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 2, p. 2, row 6; `ORC-GBI7OMSPYH` |  |
| 926 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Vassilev 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-005-0134-0) | Table IV, p. 4, row 6; `ORC-SBFGN6O625` |  |
| 925.15 | peritectic: L + fcc -> NiBi | L: Bi 0.799; fcc: Bi 0; NiBi: Bi 0.507 | model | [1] Seo 2007 | Table III, p. 5, row 4; `ORC-XXEJIGL3G3` |  |
| 925 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | L: Ni 0.201; BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 19_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 7; `ORC-LB56CA3ZQ6` |  |
| 925 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.507; (Ni): Bi 0; L: Bi 0.799 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-WXEEP2JTDW` |  |
| 921 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | L: Ni 0.241; BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 17_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 6; `ORC-TBFE5N7F73` |  |
| 920.7 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.515; (Ni): Bi 0.00485; L: Bi 0.759 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009 | Table 3, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-B6PTLVMR2M` |  |
| 920.4 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | Liquid: Bi 0.758; fcc(Ni): Bi 0.0057; BiNi: Bi 0.504 | model | [4] Liu 2016 | Table IV, p. 4, row 7; `ORC-PGWNMDA2MM` |  |
| 919.15 | peritectic: L + fcc -> NiBi | L: Bi 0.82; fcc: Bi 0.01; NiBi: Bi 0.512 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Vassilev 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-005-0134-0) | Table III, p. 5, row 3; `ORC-A2PFNAIDFQ` |  |
| 919.15 | peritectic: L + fcc -> NiBi | L: Bi 0.75; fcc: Bi 0; NiBi: Bi 0.51 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Feschotte 1988_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2888%2990027-6) | Table III, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-NNIHCXCVOP` |  |
| 919 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.51; (Ni): Bi 0.022; L: Bi 0.762 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-62KOQY5DMZ` |  |
| 919 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | L: Ni 0.186; BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 15_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-6NXG3B7KFX` |  |
| 919 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | L: Ni 0.238; BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 16_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-HCK7JSMU5J` |  |
| 919 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.51; (Ni): Bi 7.000e-4 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Feschotte 1988_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 5; `ORC-J3Q4JTJ637` |  |
| 919 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | L: Ni 0.24; BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites FESCHOTTE_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-MGHWWOGEQM` |  |
| 919 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | Liquid: Bi 0.76; fcc(Ni): Bi 7.000e-4; BiNi: Bi 0.51 | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Feschotte 1988_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2888%2990027-6) | Table IV, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-NSYHVLSQ4Y` |  |
| 919 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.51; (Ni): Bi 7.000e-4 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-YUSBP63L6U` |  |
| 918.9 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.512; (Ni): Bi 0.0049; L: Bi 0.814 | unspecified | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 2, p. 2, row 7; `ORC-ELELCVBJ5M` |  |
| 918.9 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.512; (Ni): Bi 0.0049; L: Bi 0.814 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-Y3EWQYT5IF` |  |
| 913 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.45; (Ni): Bi 0.005; L: Bi 0.68 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 8_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-74DUM6YB4N` |  |
| 913 | peritectic: NiBi -> (Ni)+L | NiBi: Bi 0.5; (Ni): Bi 0.005; L: Bi 0.693 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-76G3WJ6OXK` |  |
| 913 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | Liquid: Bi 0.68; fcc(Ni): Bi 0.005; BiNi: Bi 0.45 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Hagg 1930_ | Table IV, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-MP2WCEYJD5` |  |
| 913 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.5; (Ni): Bi 0.005; L: Bi 0.693 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Voss 1908_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-R3NHCBKKOR` |  |
| 913 | peritectic: NiBi(f) -> (Ni)(g) + L | NiBi: Bi 0.45; (Ni): Bi 0.005; L: Bi 0.68 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Hagg 1930_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 3; `ORC-U7JWCCP2EL` |  |
| 911 | peritectic: L + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | BiNi: Ni 0.5 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 24_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-2Z4PUF6SKD` |  |
| 911 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi | Liquid: Bi 0.69; BiNi: Bi 0.5 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Voss 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19080570103) | Table IV, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-VRAY253E4P` |  |
| 781.77 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi + fcc(Ag) | L: Bi 0.3856, Ni 0.0308; BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | model | [4] Liu 2016 | Table V, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-BZNZQM72KE` |  |
| 780.6 | Liquid + fcc(Ni) -> BiNi + fcc(Ag) | L: Bi 0.391, Ni 0.029; BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | model | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Gao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0302) | Table V, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-C746B7DLN5` |  |
| 753 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni | Liquid: Bi 0.812; BiNi: Bi 0.463; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Hagg 1930_ | Table IV, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-2JYMQAF5HI` |  |
| 753 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi + L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.463; L: Bi 0.812 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Hagg 1930_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 10; `ORC-7IMHVHEY33` |  |
| 753 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.463; L: Bi 0.812 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 8_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-LSQG4SCX76` |  |
| 748 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi + L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.5; L: Bi 0.907 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Voss 1908_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 8; `ORC-6CXJPUEXTS` |  |
| 748 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni | BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Voss 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19080570103) | Table IV, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-MKHZPXSCSC` |  |
| 748 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 24_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-WEUITXZRFF` |  |
| 748 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.5; L: Bi 0.907 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-Z6X47SQJVT` |  |
| 744 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | L: Ni 0.095; BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | model | [2] WANG 2011 | Table 2, p. 4, row 16; `ORC-FYBL5PLK6B` |  |
| 743 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni | BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Kuzmin 1969_ | Table IV, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-E72OI5ZIR2` |  |
| 743 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi + L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25; NiBi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Kuzmin 1969_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 11; `ORC-R5MFU3STCS` |  |
| 743 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25; NiBi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 14_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 15; `ORC-RSNHDW3MI6` |  |
| 742.15 | peritectic: L + NiBi -> NiBi3 | L: Bi 0.88; NiBi: Bi 0.5; NiBi3: Bi 0.75 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Nash 1985_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02880519) | Table III, p. 5, row 5; `ORC-A6P6DPPF5V` |  |
| 741 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | L: Ni 0.08; BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 18_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 15; `ORC-SQVQMMZGQX` |  |
| 740.75 | peritectic: L + NiBi -> NiBi3 | L: Bi 0.92; NiBi: Bi 0.512; NiBi3: Bi 0.75 | model | [1] Seo 2007 | Table III, p. 5, row 8; `ORC-6DSD5DZ3TM` |  |
| 740.6 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.512; L: Bi 0.92 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 19; `ORC-WIOH5XNEOI` |  |
| 740.15 | peritectic: L + NiBi -> NiBi3 | L: Bi 0.86; NiBi: Bi 0.51; NiBi3: Bi 0.75 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Feschotte 1988_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2888%2990027-6) | Table III, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-BTNQVXUNPI` |  |
| 738.15 | peritectic: L + NiBi -> NiBi3 | L: Bi 0.915; NiBi: Bi 0.52; NiBi3: Bi 0.75 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Vassilev 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-005-0134-0) | Table III, p. 5, row 7; `ORC-EM7AEYARB2` |  |
| 738 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni | Liquid: Bi 0.86; BiNi: Bi 0.51; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75 | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Feschotte 1988_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2888%2990027-6) | Table IV, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-CGH3HJUD4Z` |  |
| 738 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | L: Ni 0.087; BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 15_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-D3RXSDEQJD` |  |
| 738 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | L: Ni 0.123; BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 16_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-IU5GMN563C` |  |
| 738 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.51; L: Bi 0.86 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 16; `ORC-JXK2FIJBF3` |  |
| 738 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.515; L: Bi 0.877 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 18; `ORC-QFDPNPBJHM` |  |
| 738 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | L: Ni 0.14; BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites FESCHOTTE_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-QVZVS3LHZY` |  |
| 738 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi + L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.51; L: Bi 0.86 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Feschotte 1988_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 12; `ORC-SS4DY7LJC7` |  |
| 737.9 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi + L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.514; L: Bi 0.913 | unspecified | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 2, p. 2, row 13; `ORC-DY7OWRL7R7` |  |
| 737.9 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.514; L: Bi 0.913 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 17; `ORC-WTFUOB6CCF` |  |
| 737.6 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni | Liquid: Bi 0.884; BiNi: Bi 0.516; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75 | model | [4] Liu 2016 | Table IV, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-I2KPIPQLGP` |  |
| 737.2 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.521; L: Bi 0.881 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009 | Table 3, p. 4, row 20; `ORC-OXM7TUDJLV` |  |
| 737 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | L: Ni 0.119; BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 17_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-AOIERBEWXK` |  |
| 735 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi + L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.5; L: Bi 0.901 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Portevin 1908_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 9; `ORC-46UZ7RYRVB` |  |
| 735 | peritectic: L +BiNi -> Bi3Ni | BiNi: Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites PORTEVIN 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/190805030110) | Table 2, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-GORZHNZ3PB` |  |
| 735 | Liquid + BiNi -> Bi3Ni | BiNi: Bi 0.5, Ni 0.5; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Portevin 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/190805030110) | Table IV, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-TRA2QN2H35` |  |
| 735 | peritectic: NiBi3 -> NiBi+L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; NiBi: Bi 0.5; L: Bi 0.901 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 6_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-X7UI4WOUXN` |  |
| 544.59 | eutectic: L -> NiBi3 + (Bi) | L: Bi 0.995; NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Nash 1985_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02880519) | Table III, p. 5, row 9; `ORC-VO2UKCUOW3` |  |
| 544.15 | eutectic: L -> NiBi3 + (Bi) | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Feschotte 1988_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2888%2990027-6) | Table III, p. 5, row 10; `ORC-GOKIJNUCWP` |  |
| 544 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | L: Ni 0; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 18_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 24; `ORC-5ZDRWPN6DM` |  |
| 544 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Feschotte 1988_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 18; `ORC-7QURUPSIWH` |  |
| 544 | eutectic: Liquid -> Bi3Ni + (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Feschotte 1988_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2888%2990027-6) | Table IV, p. 4, row 18; `ORC-7TILXVHWGO` |  |
| 544 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 25; `ORC-H6TJKFWQA6` |  |
| 544 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites FESCHOTTE_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 19; `ORC-O7KVENVV5P` |  |
| 544 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | L: Ni 0.003; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | model | [2] WANG 2011 | Table 2, p. 4, row 25; `ORC-OCWSETACNR` |  |
| 543.65 | eutectic: L -> NiBi3 + (Bi) | L: Bi 0.996; NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1 | model | [1] Seo 2007 | Table III, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-IPXNGJF7YP` |  |
| 543.5 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.996 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 28; `ORC-ONGACEOGVU` |  |
| 543.35 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.9947 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Shavinski 1979_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 17; `ORC-KPU2SRFGTM` |  |
| 543.35 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.9947 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 15_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 24; `ORC-NUFJACLIKS` |  |
| 543.35 | eutectic: Liquid -> Bi3Ni + (Bi) | Liquid: Bi 0.9947; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Shavinskii 1979_ | Table IV, p. 4, row 17; `ORC-QEF36IUGYC` |  |
| 543.15 | eutectic: L -> NiBi3 + (Bi) | L: Bi 0.996; NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1 | unspecified | [1] Seo 2007; _cites Vassilev 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-005-0134-0) | Table III, p. 5, row 11; `ORC-PDRK4HRQCU` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | L: Ni 0; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 16_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 22; `ORC-CSITN676LP` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Voss 1908_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 14; `ORC-FLJ3JNNR5E` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | L: Ni 0.0053; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites s739ís743 2005_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 20; `ORC-FVHAGETN4A` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Kuzmin 1969_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 16; `ORC-LEE553DW4O` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | L: Ni 0; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 15_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 21; `ORC-NCWV33T53U` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.993 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 27; `ORC-OGSKE6BOAM` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 7_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 22; `ORC-QRI7B6WPJT` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 24_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 18; `ORC-RME72EJSPV` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.9934 | unspecified | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 2, p. 2, row 19; `ORC-RXVJHVEQXW` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.993 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 1_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 26; `ORC-SBAVRCZIQZ` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | L: Ni 0.007; Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites ref. 17_ | Table 2, p. 4, row 23; `ORC-SSLCI7A66X` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 14_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 23; `ORC-UHPEF26XXD` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: Liquid -> Bi3Ni + (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Kuzmin 1969_ | Table IV, p. 4, row 16; `ORC-VUYLSKI4OA` |  |
| 543 | eutectic: Liquid -> Bi3Ni + (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Voss 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19080570103) | Table IV, p. 4, row 15; `ORC-XMYP7IOAZ3` |  |
| 542.8 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1; L: Bi 0.993 | model | [5] Vassilev 2009 | Table 3, p. 4, row 29; `ORC-MYCGSDWSHJ` |  |
| 542.8 | eutectic: Liquid -> Bi3Ni + (Bi) | Liquid: Bi 0.992; Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75; (Bi): Bi 1 | model | [4] Liu 2016 | Table IV, p. 4, row 19; `ORC-ZFTNA6MXU3` |  |
| 542 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [5] Vassilev 2009; _cites ref. 6_ | Table 3, p. 4, row 21; `ORC-E7G2OKWU4S` |  |
| 542 | eutectic: NiBi3 + (Bi) -> L | NiBi3: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005; _cites Portevin 1908_ | Table 2, p. 2, row 15; `ORC-IANZWO2FOX` |  |
| 542 | eutectic: L -> Bi3Ni + rhombohedral (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Ni 0.25; rhombohedral (Bi): Ni 0 | experimental | [2] WANG 2011; _cites PORTEVIN 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/190805030110) | Table 2, p. 4, row 17; `ORC-MZKAN6IWZA` |  |
| 542 | eutectic: Liquid -> Bi3Ni + (Bi) | Bi3Ni: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25 | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Portevin 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/190805030110) | Table IV, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-TONFLYC4VV` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (2)

Table: Phase transition, Bi–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 620 K | 620 | magnetic | model | [4] Liu 2016 | p. 13; `ORC-V7RFQD7KYS` | “For the BiNi phase, the temperature of the magnetic transition was fixed to be 620 K to fit the peak of heat capacities.” |
| Phase transition | 630 K | 630 | magnetic | experimental | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Vassilev 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.3139/146.101499) | p. 10; `ORC-S6AHTVS5NG` | “Although Vassilev et al.9 ascribed the detected magnetic transition temperature (630 K) to the presence of some unreacted Ni in the sample, Yoshida et al.16 and Samui et al.14 studied the magnetic transition of BiNi and confirmed the formation of pure compound BiNi in Ref. is the magnetic 14 through XRD analysis.” |

### Phase equilibrium (23)

Table: Phase equilibrium, Bi–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase composition |  | 473.15 | NiBi (Ni Side) + NiBi (NiBi3 Side); _NiBi (Ni Side): Bi 0.5003, Ni 0.4997; NiBi (NiBi3 Side): Bi 0.5136, Ni 0.4864_ | experimental | [1] Seo 2007 | Table I, p. 3, row 1; `ORC-DHD6LZPRJD` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 553.15 | NiBi (Ni Side) + NiBi (NiBi3 Side); _NiBi (Ni Side): Bi 0.5001, Ni 0.4999; NiBi (NiBi3 Side): Bi 0.5122, Ni 0.4878_ | experimental | [1] Seo 2007 | Table I, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-ARJOLDC2VE` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 617 | NiBi; _NiBi: Bi 0.511, Ni 0.489_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-DW4TBDFJBM` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 617 | NiBi + NiBi3; _NiBi: Bi 0.516, Ni 0.484; NiBi3: Bi 0.748, Ni 0.252_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-6M3Q55253T` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 643.15 | NiBi (Ni Side) + NiBi (NiBi3 Side); _NiBi (Ni Side): Bi 0.5018, Ni 0.4982; NiBi (NiBi3 Side): Bi 0.5118, Ni 0.4882_ | experimental | [1] Seo 2007 | Table I, p. 3, row 3; `ORC-UCXLPNMCXZ` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 674 | NiBi3 + L; _NiBi3: Bi 0.746, Ni 0.254; L: Bi 0.9964, Ni 0.0036_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-BM2OGARYDH` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 733.15 | NiBi (Ni Side) + NiBi (NiBi3 Side); _NiBi (Ni Side): Bi 0.5022, Ni 0.4978; NiBi (NiBi3 Side): Bi 0.512, Ni 0.488_ | experimental | [1] Seo 2007 | Table I, p. 3, row 4; `ORC-25PJFG52JJ` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 781 | (Ni); _(Ni): Bi 0.001, Ni 0.999_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 18; `ORC-YFU6UD3MF3` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 781 | NiBi + (Ni); _NiBi: Bi 0.513, Ni 0.487_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-EHDMRFN7PJ` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 823.15 | NiBi (Ni Side) + NiBi (NiBi3 Side); _NiBi (Ni Side): Bi 0.504, Ni 0.496; NiBi (NiBi3 Side): Bi 0.5107, Ni 0.4893_ | experimental | [1] Seo 2007 | Table I, p. 3, row 5; `ORC-JM433FCUQX` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 873.15 | NiBi (Ni Side) + NiBi (NiBi3 Side); _NiBi (Ni Side): Bi 0.503, Ni 0.497; NiBi (NiBi3 Side): Bi 0.512, Ni 0.488_ | experimental | [1] Seo 2007 | Table I, p. 3, row 6; `ORC-GGIPVBMVM2` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 887 | (Ni); _(Ni): Bi 5.000e-4, Ni 0.9995_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 17; `ORC-X4WK76FGL2` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 887 | NiBi; _NiBi: Bi 0.509, Ni 0.491_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-7L6KVQBXUU` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 887 | NiBi + (Ni); _NiBi: Bi 0.516, Ni 0.484_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-ZRI67JIVPD` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 887 | NiBi + L; _NiBi: Bi 0.507, Ni 0.493; L: Bi 0.8, Ni 0.2_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-JAUKMQFXTK` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 962 | L + (Ni); _L: Bi 0.75, Ni 0.25; (Ni): Bi 0.01, Ni 0.99_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 7; `ORC-W6KI7UIMDA` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1283 | L + (Ni); _L: Bi 0.67, Ni 0.33; (Ni): Bi 0.01, Ni 0.99_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-XQJJI6HKS3` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373 | L + (Ni); _L: Bi 0.56, Ni 0.44; (Ni): Bi 0.01, Ni 0.99_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 15; `ORC-OHN34DURRG` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1440 | L + (Ni); _L: Bi 0.65, Ni 0.35; (Ni): Bi 0.01, Ni 0.99_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-YDRJZDVWYE` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473 | L; _L: Bi 0.66, Ni 0.34_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-AU5JUOYPQZ` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1523 | L + (Ni); _L: Bi 0.64, Ni 0.36; (Ni): Bi 0.01, Ni 0.99_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 16; `ORC-67LBWSTA7L` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1578 | L + (Ni); _L: Bi 0.47, Ni 0.53; (Ni): Bi 0.01, Ni 0.99_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-JTN2OIHERK` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1593 | L; _L: Bi 0.58, Ni 0.42_ | experimental | [3] Vassilev 2005 | Table 4, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-SL7C6OT63J` |  |

### Crystal structure (10)

Table: Crystal structure, Bi–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 6.13 Å | 298.15 | (Bi); _alloy: Ni 0_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table II, p. 2, row 5; `ORC-IV5HPCQHQQ.11fde0` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.88 Å | 298.15 | Bi3Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.25_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Lee 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1021/cm980521+) | Table II, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-SWZJYGYEA7.8adefa` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.085 Å | 298.15 | BiNi; _alloy: Ni 0.5_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Seo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-007-0256-8) | Table II, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-GU3PSCC5PL.2e0d0f` |  |
| Lattice a | 14.124 Å | 298.15 | BiNi; _alloy: Ni 0.5_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Ruck 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/%28sici%291521-3749%28199912%29625:12<2050::aid-zaac2050>3.0.co;2-r) | Table II, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-VBAFO35POH.91c8f2` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.1 Å | 298.15 | Bi3Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.25_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Lee 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1021/cm980521+) | Table II, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-SWZJYGYEA7.21c2ee` |  |
| Lattice b | 8.1621 Å | 298.15 | BiNi; _alloy: Ni 0.5_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Ruck 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/%28sici%291521-3749%28199912%29625:12<2050::aid-zaac2050>3.0.co;2-r) | Table II, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-VBAFO35POH.df503c` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.8615 Å | 298.15 | (Bi); _alloy: Ni 0_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table II, p. 2, row 5; `ORC-IV5HPCQHQQ.8c3ad2` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.47 Å | 298.15 | Bi3Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.25_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Lee 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1021/cm980521+) | Table II, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-SWZJYGYEA7.443f2a` |  |
| Lattice c | 5.353 Å | 298.15 | BiNi; _alloy: Ni 0.5_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Seo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-007-0256-8) | Table II, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-GU3PSCC5PL.682e76` |  |
| Lattice c | 21.429 Å | 298.15 | BiNi; _alloy: Ni 0.5_ | unspecified | [4] Liu 2016; _cites Ruck 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/%28sici%291521-3749%28199912%29625:12<2050::aid-zaac2050>3.0.co;2-r) | Table II, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-VBAFO35POH.a0d391` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Sun-Kyoung Seo, Moon Gi Cho, Hyuck Mo Lee, Thermodynamic Assessment of the Ni-Bi Binary System and Phase Equilibria of the Sn-Bi-Ni Ternary System, Journal of Elec Materi 36, 1536-1544 (2007). [doi:10.1007/s11664-007-0256-8](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-007-0256-8)
2. Jiang WANG, Fan-gui MENG, Li-bin LIU, Zhan-peng JIN, Thermodynamic optimization of Bi-Ni binary system, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 21, 139-145 (2011). [doi:10.1016/s1003-6326(11)60690-0](https://doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326%2811%2960690-0)
3. G.P. Vassilev, X.J. Liu, K. Ishida, Experimental Studies and Thermodynamic Optimization of the Ni-Bi System, Journal of Phase Equilibria &amp; Diffusion 26, 161-168 (2005). [doi:10.1361/15477030523030](https://doi.org/10.1361/15477030523030)
4. Yuling Liu, Shuhong Liu, Cong Zhang, Xingxu Lu, Chong Chen, Yong Du et al., Thermodynamic Assessment of the Bi–Ni and Bi–Ni–X (X = Ag, Cu) Systems, Journal of Elec Materi 45, 1041-1056 (2016). [doi:10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-4272-9)
5. G. Vassilev, V. Gandova, P. Docheva, Comments and reconciliation of the Ni–Bi‐system thermodynamic reassessments, Cryst. Res. Technol. 44, 25-30 (2009). [doi:10.1002/crat.200800391](https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.200800391)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).