# C–Cu–Fe–H–Ni–O system

> C–Cu–Fe–H–Ni–O system: 55 accepted literature values (model expression 55) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

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55 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 55); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

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Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 55 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| model expression | 55 |

## Other properties

### Model expression (55)

Table: Model expression, C–Cu–Fe–H–Ni–O system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 85.302 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites St 1993_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 12; `ORC-3YY7AVFPR4` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -280573 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 19; `ORC-4LO6CYL45B.7cb92d` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 86.341 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 19; `ORC-4LO6CYL45B.9e9e23` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 56.472 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 31; `ORC-6BSJHZNQ52.3a2114` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -249200 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 31; `ORC-6BSJHZNQ52.514f44` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° c (T ln T)_ | -4.898 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 17; `ORC-73WRUSQKJR.6536bd` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 124.257 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 17; `ORC-73WRUSQKJR.7be1c7` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -239484 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 17; `ORC-73WRUSQKJR.a4a45f` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -232155 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites St 1993_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 13; `ORC-B2RKXEOGHL.b0bb28` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 83.485 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites St 1993_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 13; `ORC-B2RKXEOGHL.c0d4f3` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 65.414 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 1_ | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2891%2990010-h) | Table 4, p. 10, row 17; `ORC-D7PWMGYT5F.0b32b4` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -264533 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 1_ | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2891%2990010-h) | Table 4, p. 10, row 17; `ORC-D7PWMGYT5F.f1c63b` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -232155 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 19; `ORC-EEDLEULMTY.2004b9` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 83.54 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 19; `ORC-EEDLEULMTY.8518bd` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 64.192 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 1_ | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92Sun2_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 16; `ORC-GFI6IKEZPG` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -167024 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994 | Table 4, p. 10, row 14; `ORC-HI6ORWSKO2.1aee55` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 71.595 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994 | Table 4, p. 10, row 14; `ORC-HI6ORWSKO2.6872af` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -167024 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.666667, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 20; `ORC-HUV2JQELU5.40c821` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 71.65 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.666667, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 20; `ORC-HUV2JQELU5.f162f4` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 86.341 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 18; `ORC-I66CRHQF6C.3eeb23` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -281968 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 18; `ORC-I66CRHQF6C.a8f78b` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 134.533 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 26; `ORC-JHPBQB3TYB.14ada7` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° c (T ln T)_ | -8.47 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 26; `ORC-JHPBQB3TYB.330f5d` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -275409 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 26; `ORC-JHPBQB3TYB.db26ed` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (C, coefficient of T lnT)_ | 7.554 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 1_ | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2891%2990010-h) | Table 4, p. 10, row 15; `ORC-MFRD7RDP5P.4fd695` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 4.551 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 1_ | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2891%2990010-h) | Table 4, p. 10, row 15; `ORC-MFRD7RDP5P.7a964f` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -255779 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 1_ | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2891%2990010-h) | Table 4, p. 10, row 15; `ORC-MFRD7RDP5P.890622` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 124.202 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites St 1993_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 11; `ORC-NBFANIILHC` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -282330 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 28; `ORC-NWI2JXFNYK.5bd294` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 86.651 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 28; `ORC-NWI2JXFNYK.744c8c` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 57.458 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 32; `ORC-OPLEGZWBV6.5e2421` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -250522 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 32; `ORC-OPLEGZWBV6.f80265` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 54.782 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 30; `ORC-P7UOU3NVIS.1e2b23` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -247320 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 30; `ORC-P7UOU3NVIS.d49f4e` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 125.535 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.666667, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 21; `ORC-Q6ZFRIU56V.2246ab` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -174010 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.666667, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 21; `ORC-Q6ZFRIU56V.873240` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° c (T ln T)_ | -6.79 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.666667, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 21; `ORC-Q6ZFRIU56V.92dbbf` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -234540 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 18; `ORC-R2ZXGFN2IK.17165b` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 85.357 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1993_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 18; `ORC-R2ZXGFN2IK.91514d` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -245940 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 29; `ORC-UCLA6Q3UE2.9e6a31` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 53.087 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites ref. 1997_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 29; `ORC-UCLA6Q3UE2.a47429` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 0.292 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 23; `ORC-UGQGBX6KIA.2b8dec` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° c (T ln T)_ | 8.098 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 23; `ORC-UGQGBX6KIA.7acbdc` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -255283 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 23; `ORC-UGQGBX6KIA.b8ec97` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 95.804 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.5, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.5_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 22; `ORC-VE6DKOWOUG.2a414d` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -132520 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Cu 0.5, Fe 0, H 0, Ni 0, O 0.5_ | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Hallstedt 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399) | Table 4, p. 9, row 22; `ORC-VE6DKOWOUG.9f271f` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (B, coefficient of T)_ | 57.4028 J/mol/K |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 20; `ORC-X5ZHJESH2U.5b5f02` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° (A of A + B·T + C·T lnT)_ | -250522 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [1] Hallstedt 1994; _cites ref. 92_ | Table 4, p. 10, row 20; `ORC-X5ZHJESH2U.975d29` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 64.247 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 25; `ORC-Z466ZIYU5R.4c9f5a` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -263165 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 25; `ORC-Z466ZIYU5R.f38478` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 4.606 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 24; `ORC-ZF6W5FEQWD.3ceaa6` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° c (T ln T)_ | 7.554 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 24; `ORC-ZF6W5FEQWD.b53e28` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -255779 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 24; `ORC-ZF6W5FEQWD.e0a065` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° a_ | -264533 J/mol |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 27; `ORC-ZTPR7IS4EP.2defe4` |  |
| gibbs energy expression term; _printed: ΔG° b (T)_ | 65.469 J/(mol K) |  | UNKNOWN | experimental | [2] Chen 2003; _cites Sundman 1991_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645709) | Table 4, p. 9, row 27; `ORC-ZTPR7IS4EP.e352c0` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. B. Hallstedt, D. Risold, L. J. Gauckler, Thermodynamic assessment of the copper-oxygen system, JPE 15, 483-499 (1994). [doi:10.1007/bf02649399](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02649399)
2. Ming Chen, Bengt Hallstedt, Ludwig J. Gauckler, Thermodynamic assessment of the Co-O system, JPE 24, 212-227 (2003). [doi:10.1361/105497103770330514](https://doi.org/10.1361/105497103770330514)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).