C–Ni system

11 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 3, model 3, unspecified 5); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · phases (7) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	3
model	3
unspecified	5

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
formation	11

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull NiC-06Hal · CALPHAD hull NiC-87Gab-LB · CALPHAD hull NiC-92Lee

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, C–Ni system (5)
Phase	Value	T (K)	Class	Source	Location
Ni3C	26.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	0	unspecified	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Nishitani 1985 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 3 report
Ni3C	33.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	unspecified	[1] Oikawa 2022	Table 4, p. 9, row 5 report
Ni3C	38.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	experimental	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Roth 1929 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 1 report
Ni3C	39.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	0	model	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Gibson 2010 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 2 report
Ni3C	40.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	unspecified	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Gabriel 1988	Table 4, p. 9, row 4 report

Other properties

Formation (6)

Formation, C–Ni system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Gibbs energy of formation printed: Formation energy	29.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	500.15	Ni3C alloy: Ni 0.75	experimental	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Browning 1952 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 6 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: Formation energy	25.6 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	500.15	Ni3C alloy: Ni 0.75	model	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Gabriel 1987 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 8 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: Formation energy	25.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	500.15	Ni3C alloy: Ni 0.75	unspecified	[1] Oikawa 2022	Table 4, p. 9, row 10 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: Formation energy	23.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	600.15	Ni3C alloy: Ni 0.75	model	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Gabriel 1987 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 9 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: Formation energy	24.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	600.15	Ni3C alloy: Ni 0.75	unspecified	[1] Oikawa 2022	Table 4, p. 9, row 11 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: Formation energy	19.4 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	600.15	Ni3C alloy: Ni 0.75	experimental	[1] Oikawa 2022 cites Browning 1952 doi	Table 4, p. 9, row 7 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Katsunari Oikawa, Nobufumi Ueshima, Experimental Investigation and Thermodynamic Assessment of Ni–B and Ni–B–C Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 43, 814-826 (2022). doi:10.1007/s11669-022-00995-0

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file. Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}