C–Pu system

59 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 29, model 18, unspecified 12); 0 calculated phase diagram(s). 12 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · phases (14) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	29
model	18
unspecified	12

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
formation	23
heat capacity / entropy / enthalpy	36

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull PuC-08Fis

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, C–Pu system (23)
Phase	Value	T (K)	Class	Source	Location
C0.81Pu	-21.76 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lorenzelli 1971 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 6 report
C0.878Pu	-47.74 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 3	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Johnson 1970 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
C0.87Pu	-43.51 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	model	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Akhachinskii 1970	Table 1, p. 3, row 8 report
C0.88Pu	-47.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Barin 1995	Table 1, p. 3, row 12 report
C0.91Pu	-45.6 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 4.2	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Campbell 1970	Table 1, p. 3, row 7 report
C0.9Pu	-43.93 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Marcon 1970 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 9 report
C1Pu	-53.67 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 15 report
C3Pu2	-102.09 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 11	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lorenzelli 1971 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 5 report
C3Pu2	-93.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 3.3	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Besmann 1983 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 1 report
C3Pu2	-88 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lapage 1969	Table 2, p. 3, row 9 report
C3Pu2	-84.73 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Barin 1995	Table 2, p. 3, row 13 report
C3Pu2	-82.84 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 4	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Johnson 2008	Table 2, p. 3, row 3 report
C3Pu2	-77.06 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 2, p. 3, row 14 report
C3Pu2	-74.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8.35	298.15	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lemire 2001	Table 2, p. 3, row 12 report
C3Pu2	-73.22 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Harris 1967	Table 2, p. 3, row 11 report
C3Pu2	-67.53 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 4.6	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Battles 1970	Table 2, p. 3, row 6 report
C3Pu2	-66.53 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Marcon 1970 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 7 report
C3Pu2	-55.23 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 10.5	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Campbell 1970	Table 2, p. 3, row 8 report
C3Pu2	-51.46 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Olson 1967	Table 2, p. 3, row 10 report
C₀.₈₄Pu	-45.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8	298.15	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lemire 2001	Table 1, p. 3, row 11 report
C₀.₈₄Pu	-45.03 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 13 report
C₀.₉Pu	-48.68 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	298.15	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 14 report
C₀.₉₁Pu	-50.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8	298.15	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lorenzelli 1971 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 5 report

Other properties

Heat capacity / entropy / enthalpy (36)

Heat capacity / entropy / enthalpy, C–Pu system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Entropy printed: S°298.15	74.8 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 2.1	298.15	C0.84Pu alloy: Pu 0.543478	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lemire 2001	Table 1, p. 3, row 11 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	14.64 J/K mol ± 12.55	298.15	C0.878Pu alloy: Pu 0.532481	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Johnson 1970 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	12.13 J/K mol ± 2	298.15	C0.91Pu alloy: Pu 0.52356	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Campbell 1970	Table 1, p. 3, row 7 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	74.21 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C0.9Pu alloy: Pu 0.526316	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 14 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	14.6 J/K mol	298.15	C0.9Pu alloy: Pu 0.526316	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 14 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	9.76 J/K mol	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 2, p. 3, row 14 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	72.83 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 2, p. 3, row 14 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	23.01 J/K mol ± 4.2	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Campbell 1970	Table 2, p. 3, row 8 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	75 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 2.2	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Barin 1995	Table 2, p. 3, row 13 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	21.3 J/K mol ± 2.5	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Battles 1970	Table 2, p. 3, row 6 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	76.17 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Besmann 1983 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 1 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	-0.84 J/K mol ± 4.2	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Johnson 2008	Table 2, p. 3, row 3 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	75 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 2.2	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Haines 1980 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 2 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	64 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 4	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Danan 1972	Table 2, p. 3, row 4 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	75 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 1.45	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lemire 2001	Table 2, p. 3, row 12 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	70.46 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈Pu alloy: Pu 0.555556	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Sandenaw 1975 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	69.59 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 2	298.15	C₀.₈Pu alloy: Pu 0.555556	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Haines 1980 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	15.05 J/K mol	298.15	C₀.₈₄Pu alloy: Pu 0.543478	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 13 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	74.29 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈₄Pu alloy: Pu 0.543478	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 13 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	12.09 J/K mol	298.15	C₀.₈₇Pu alloy: Pu 0.534759	model	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Akhachinskii 1970	Table 1, p. 3, row 8 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	72.72 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈₈Pu alloy: Pu 0.531915	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Barin 1995	Table 1, p. 3, row 12 report
Entropy printed: ΔS°f,298.15	13.67 J/K mol	298.15	C₁Pu alloy: Pu 0.5	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 15 report
Entropy printed: S°298.15	73.87 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₁Pu alloy: Pu 0.5	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 15 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	44.16 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C0.84Pu alloy: Pu 0.543478	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 13 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	56 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 2, p. 3, row 14 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	57 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Barin 1995	Table 2, p. 3, row 13 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	57 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Haines 1980 doi	Table 2, p. 3, row 2 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	57 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 0.2	298.15	C3Pu2 alloy: Pu 0.4	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lemire 2001	Table 2, p. 3, row 12 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	46.19 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈Pu alloy: Pu 0.555556	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Sandenaw 1975 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 3 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	46.06 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈Pu alloy: Pu 0.555556	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Haines 1980 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 2 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	46.06 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈₂Pu alloy: Pu 0.549451	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Oetting 1980 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	47.1 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 1	298.15	C₀.₈₄Pu alloy: Pu 0.543478	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Lemire 2001	Table 1, p. 3, row 11 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	40.94 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈₇Pu alloy: Pu 0.534759	experimental	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Kruger 1964	Table 1, p. 3, row 10 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	47.7 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₈₈Pu alloy: Pu 0.531915	unspecified	[1] Fischer 2008 cites Barin 1995	Table 1, p. 3, row 12 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	45.11 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₀.₉Pu alloy: Pu 0.526316	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 14 report
Heat capacity printed: CP298.15	46.69 J/mol (basis unstated)/K	298.15	C₁Pu alloy: Pu 0.5	model	[1] Fischer 2008	Table 1, p. 3, row 15 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Evelyne Fischer, Thermodynamic modeling of the C–Pu system, Calphad 32, 371-377 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.12.004

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file. Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}