# C–Y system

> C–Y system: 66 accepted literature values (crystal structure 36, formation 30) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/C-Y.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/C-Y.md

66 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 42, model 13, DFT 6, unspecified 5); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/C-Y.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/C-Y.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#C-Y) · [phases (13)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/C-Y.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/C-Y.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/C-Y.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 42 |
| model | 13 |
| DFT | 6 |
| unspecified | 5 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| formation | 30 |
| crystal structure | 36 |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/C/C-Y.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/C/C-Y.json) · [CALPHAD hull YC-95Gro-LB](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/C/C-Y--YC-95Gro-LB.json)

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, C–Y system (30)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Y15C19 (H) | [Y15C19](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y15C19.html) | -43.77 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -29.637 (mp-aaacqitm) |  | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-SPLTIFK2OQ` |  |
| Y15C19 (R) | [Y15C19](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y15C19.html) | -45.64 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -29.637 (mp-aaacqitm) |  | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 21; `ORC-QSGVXBYXBY` |  |
| Y2C | [Y2C](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y2C.html) | -37 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -28.155 (mp-aaaaabzi) | -28.729 (oqmd-4155) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Niessen 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990200-9) | Table 2, p. 3, row 32; `ORC-S6IV5VEEWT.41522a` |  |
| Y2C |  | -31.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 1.3 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Meschel 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2894%2990783-8) | Table 3, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-7DNG4YPTXJ.d57bb8` |  |
| Y2C | [Y2C](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y2C.html) | -31.5 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -28.155 (mp-aaaaabzi) | -28.729 (oqmd-4155) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Grobner 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2894%2906028-2) | Table 2, p. 3, row 30; `ORC-3F2ZC5XDL7.d39575` |  |
| Y2C |  | -31.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995 | Table 3, p. 3, row 12; `ORC-SIRKN5653Q.dde5af` |  |
| Y2C | [Y2C](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y2C.html) | 31.8 kJ/mol-atom ± 1.3 | 298.15 | experimental | -28.155 (mp-aaaaabzi) | -28.729 (oqmd-4155) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Meschel 1998_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2898%2900504-0) | Table 2, p. 3, row 31; `ORC-RBLTNNPVR3.7c362e` |  |
| Y2C3 (H) | [Y2C3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y2C3.html) | -34 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -24.654 (mp-aaaaacnf) | -25.199 (oqmd-13982) | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 17; `ORC-PYHE7FJTXN` |  |
| Y2C3 (R) | [Y2C3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Y2C3.html) | -34.8 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -24.654 (mp-aaaaacnf) | -25.199 (oqmd-13982) | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 19; `ORC-2TXXW24ODJ` |  |
| Y2C3 (R) |  | -34.61 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 18; `ORC-MV6VDIBSCZ` |  |
| YC | [YC](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC.html) | -57 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | 4.285 (mp-aaacevqz) | -23.935 (oqmd-1957505) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Niessen 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990200-9) | Table 2, p. 3, row 29; `ORC-I7WQ7E7CP7.8490a4` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -64 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Niessen 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990200-9) | Table 2, p. 3, row 28; `ORC-MXYNP5KEGW.e0580e` |  |
| YC2 |  | -38.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Storms 1971_ | Table 3, p. 3, row 9; `ORC-BZK2IXS3K3.83363d` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -38.8 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Storms 1971_ | Table 2, p. 3, row 25; `ORC-ZQPMERZ45A.425703` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -37.7 kJ/mol-atom ± 8.4 | 298.15 | experimental | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites De 1965_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1696715) | Table 2, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-5J5H3KGZYE.5184e3` |  |
| YC2 |  | -37.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8.4 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites De 1965_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1696715) | Table 3, p. 3, row 7; `ORC-ID5I437ZNK.b9647f` |  |
| YC2 |  | -36.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995 | Table 3, p. 3, row 12; `ORC-SIRKN5653Q.5842c0` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -36.5 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Grobner 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2894%2906028-2) | Table 2, p. 3, row 27; `ORC-VEKHPMN34R.5d07b4` |  |
| YC2 |  | -35 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 3.5 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Anderson 1972_ | Table 3, p. 3, row 10; `ORC-K5COWV7A5L.40c725` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -35 kJ/mol-atom ± 3.5 | 298.15 | experimental | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Anderson 1972_ | Table 2, p. 3, row 26; `ORC-W37THFZ6PU.4c9892` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -34.17 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 16; `ORC-ZSBMRRSWTG` |  |
| YC2 |  | -30.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 5.7 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Kohl 1970_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1672942) | Table 3, p. 3, row 8; `ORC-43TU4DZKQP.f225a3` |  |
| YC2 | [YC2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/YC2.html) | -30.3 kJ/mol-atom ± 5.7 | 298.15 | experimental | -18.127 (mp-aaaaaamb) | -24.068 (oqmd-2037974) | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Kohl 1970_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1672942) | Table 2, p. 3, row 24; `ORC-RHK3CZSOYD.f4ddb9` |  |
| YC2 |  | -29.16 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 3, p. 3, row 15; `ORC-4OKQZZFQ5L` |  |
| γ |  | -38.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Storms 1971_ | Table 3, p. 3, row 9; `ORC-BZK2IXS3K3.3f6070` |  |
| γ |  | -37.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 8.4 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites De 1965_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1696715) | Table 3, p. 3, row 7; `ORC-ID5I437ZNK.f9c6ae` |  |
| γ |  | -36.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995 | Table 3, p. 3, row 12; `ORC-SIRKN5653Q.6cb3eb` |  |
| γ |  | -35 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 3.5 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Anderson 1972_ | Table 3, p. 3, row 10; `ORC-K5COWV7A5L.b497c2` |  |
| γ |  | -31.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 1.3 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Meschel 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2894%2990783-8) | Table 3, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-7DNG4YPTXJ.d8a175` |  |
| γ |  | -30.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 5.7 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Gröbner 1995; _cites Kohl 1970_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1672942) | Table 3, p. 3, row 8; `ORC-43TU4DZKQP.3c818d` |  |

## Other properties

### Crystal structure (36)

Table: Crystal structure, C–Y system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 8.262 Å |  | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | DFT | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 1, p. 2, row 43; `ORC-DPUKVFX775.ed41a6` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.685 Å |  | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | unspecified | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 1, p. 2, row 49; `ORC-G6GKGYCHGG.22c7c3` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.94 Å | 298.15 | Y15C19 (R); _alloy: Y 0.441176_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Button 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990028-6) | Table 1, p. 2, row 38; `ORC-ZILOLFYQJO.33ee6d` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.237 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Mochiku 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2005.02.065) | Table 1, p. 2, row 41; `ORC-24245EKD4K.2d85be` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.238 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Krupka 1969_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2869%2990026-5) | Table 1, p. 2, row 40; `ORC-ILWLDK7BA3.042217` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.254 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | DFT | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Nishikayama 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.76.064714) | Table 1, p. 2, row 42; `ORC-L4CPZ2VXGU.c14ca7` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.234 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Novokshonov 1980_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 39; `ORC-PPGLERQKRI.adf274` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.655 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Adachi 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990097-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 46; `ORC-7BVAFRQMVU.03343d` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.669 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Sakai 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990272-1) | Table 1, p. 2, row 45; `ORC-CCNTHIYDSS.c1cde5` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.661 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Giorgi 1968_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2868%2990123-9) | Table 1, p. 2, row 47; `ORC-MIOCKNVK4I.bd776c` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.662 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Krikorian 1971_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2871%2990141-x) | Table 1, p. 2, row 48; `ORC-P22EUG4WZ3.c5fefa` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.66 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Carlson 1968_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 44; `ORC-WH7OXLYXSA.19d5ea` |  |
| Lattice b | 8.262 Å |  | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | unspecified | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 1, p. 2, row 43; `ORC-DPUKVFX775.813291` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.685 Å |  | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | unspecified | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 1, p. 2, row 49; `ORC-G6GKGYCHGG.c306e4` |  |
| Lattice b | 7.94 Å | 298.15 | Y15C19 (R); _alloy: Y 0.441176_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Button 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990028-6) | Table 1, p. 2, row 38; `ORC-ZILOLFYQJO.4e490e` |  |
| Lattice b | 8.237 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Mochiku 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2005.02.065) | Table 1, p. 2, row 41; `ORC-24245EKD4K.e1b65d` |  |
| Lattice b | 8.238 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Krupka 1969_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2869%2990026-5) | Table 1, p. 2, row 40; `ORC-ILWLDK7BA3.1b151b` |  |
| Lattice b | 8.254 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | DFT | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Nishikayama 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.76.064714) | Table 1, p. 2, row 42; `ORC-L4CPZ2VXGU.27ec90` |  |
| Lattice b | 8.234 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Novokshonov 1980_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 39; `ORC-PPGLERQKRI.b7d70f` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.655 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Adachi 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990097-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 46; `ORC-7BVAFRQMVU.30cb32` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.669 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Sakai 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990272-1) | Table 1, p. 2, row 45; `ORC-CCNTHIYDSS.0568c7` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.661 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Giorgi 1968_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2868%2990123-9) | Table 1, p. 2, row 47; `ORC-MIOCKNVK4I.a06188` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.662 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Krikorian 1971_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2871%2990141-x) | Table 1, p. 2, row 48; `ORC-P22EUG4WZ3.ac71cc` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.66 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Carlson 1968_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 44; `ORC-WH7OXLYXSA.7b0c8f` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.262 Å |  | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | unspecified | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 1, p. 2, row 43; `ORC-DPUKVFX775.798ddd` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.205 Å |  | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | unspecified | [1] Xu 2019 | Table 1, p. 2, row 49; `ORC-G6GKGYCHGG.15e68d` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.88 Å | 298.15 | Y15C19 (R); _alloy: Y 0.441176_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Button 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990028-6) | Table 1, p. 2, row 38; `ORC-ZILOLFYQJO.d4c753` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.237 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Mochiku 2005_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2005.02.065) | Table 1, p. 2, row 41; `ORC-24245EKD4K.f9f9f6` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.238 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Krupka 1969_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2869%2990026-5) | Table 1, p. 2, row 40; `ORC-ILWLDK7BA3.1a6449` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.254 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | DFT | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Nishikayama 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.76.064714) | Table 1, p. 2, row 42; `ORC-L4CPZ2VXGU.8097d7` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.234 Å | 298.15 | Y2C3 (R); _alloy: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Novokshonov 1980_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 39; `ORC-PPGLERQKRI.dcfc31` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.16 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Adachi 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990097-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 46; `ORC-7BVAFRQMVU.72c631` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.177 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Sakai 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990272-1) | Table 1, p. 2, row 45; `ORC-CCNTHIYDSS.1307ed` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.173 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Giorgi 1968_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2868%2990123-9) | Table 1, p. 2, row 47; `ORC-MIOCKNVK4I.a456bf` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.162 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Krikorian 1971_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2871%2990141-x) | Table 1, p. 2, row 48; `ORC-P22EUG4WZ3.ee03f3` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.17 Å | 298.15 | YC2; _alloy: Y 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Xu 2019; _cites Carlson 1968_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 44; `ORC-WH7OXLYXSA.509d2a` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Kai Xu, Houke Zou, Keke Chang, Zixuan Deng, Xiaobing Zhou, Yeyan Huang et al., Thermodynamic description of the sintering aid system in silicon carbide ceramics with the addition of yttrium, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 39, 4510-4519 (2019). [doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.07.012](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.07.012)
2. J. Gröbner, H.-L. Lukas, F. Aldinger, Thermodynamic calculations in the YAlC system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 220, 8-14 (1995). [doi:10.1016/0925-8388(94)06028-2](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2894%2906028-2)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file.

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).