# Ca–Sn system

> Ca–Sn system: 54 accepted literature values (formation 34, crystal structure 19, phase transition 1) and 2 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CA-SN.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CA-SN.md

54 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 7, model 21, DFT 7, unspecified 19); 2 calculated phase diagram(s). 1 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/CA-SN.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CA-SN.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#CA-SN) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CA-SN/CaSn-05Car.json) · [phases (13)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CA-SN.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/CA-SN.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CA-SN.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 7 |
| model | 21 |
| DFT | 7 |
| unspecified | 19 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| phase transition | 1 |
| formation | 34 |
| crystal structure | 19 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | Y. Cartigny, J.M. Fiorani, A. Maitre, M. Vilasi, Z. Metallkd., 96, 1308-13(2005). [doi:10.3139/146.101180](https://doi.org/10.3139/146.101180) | `b3f8ddc2d6b985adb78e73b819fcd25377b5e2b40aadfc225e74bd106f7a404a` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CA-SN/CaSn-05Car.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CaSn-05Car.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/CaSn-05Car.json) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | M. Ohno, A. Kozlov, R. Arroyave, Z.-K. Liu, R. Schmid-Fetzer, Acta Mater., 54, 4939-51(2006). [doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.017) | `e68b6471da20d65744f091aeb35ae354d4b6eb620c10dbbe50afe1c17ac020e5` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CA-SN/CaSn-06Ohn.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CaSn-06Ohn.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/CaSn-06Ohn.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 1402.64 | CA2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) + CA5SN3_D8L (x(Sn) 0.375) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.40272) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 1400.63 | CA5SN3_D8L (x(Sn) 0.375) + CA36SN23 (x(Sn) 0.38983) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.40401) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 1390.37 | CA36SN23 (x(Sn) 0.38983) + CA31SN20 (x(Sn) 0.39216) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.41575) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 1272.94 | CA31SN20 (x(Sn) 0.39216) + CA7SN6 (x(Sn) 0.46154) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.48576) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 1267.99 | CA7SN6 (x(Sn) 0.46154) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.49288) + CASN_B33 (x(Sn) 0.5) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 1052 | BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.05485) + CA2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 883.03 | CASN_B33 (x(Sn) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.701) + CASN3_L12 (x(Sn) 0.75) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 716.03 | BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0) + FCC_A1 (x(Sn) 0) + CA2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 499.29 | CASN3_L12 (x(Sn) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.98665) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1) |
| CaSn-05Car.tdb | 379.49 | CA31SN20 (x(Sn) 0.39216) + CA7SN6 (x(Sn) 0.46154) + CASN_B33 (x(Sn) 0.5) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 1409.61 | CA2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) + CA5SN3_D8L (x(Sn) 0.375) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.41624) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 1394.68 | CA5SN3_D8L (x(Sn) 0.375) + CA36SN23 (x(Sn) 0.38983) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.42184) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 1384.9 | CA36SN23 (x(Sn) 0.38983) + CA31SN20 (x(Sn) 0.39216) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.42664) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 1274.51 | CA31SN20 (x(Sn) 0.39216) + CA7SN6 (x(Sn) 0.46154) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.466) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 1270.61 | CA7SN6 (x(Sn) 0.46154) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.47562) + CASN_B33 (x(Sn) 0.5) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 1049.92 | BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.05124) + CA2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 880.18 | CASN_B33 (x(Sn) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.69439) + CASN3_L12 (x(Sn) 0.75) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 716.03 | BCC_A2 (x(Sn) 0) + FCC_A1 (x(Sn) 0) + CA2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) |
| CaSn-06Ohn.tdb | 505.01 | CASN3_L12 (x(Sn) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.99952) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/CA/CA-SN.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/CA/CA-SN.json) · [CALPHAD hull CaSn-05Car](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/CA/CA-SN--CaSn-05Car.json)

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Ca–Sn system (34)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Ca2Sn | [Ca2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca2Sn.html) | -109.2 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.56 | 298.15 | experimental | -62.454 (mp-aaaabhql) | -66.713 (oqmd-11004) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Min 1988_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-YCWRF7CP62` |  |
| Ca2Sn | [Ca2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca2Sn.html) | -104.6 kJ/mol-atom ± 12.6 | 298.15 | experimental | -62.454 (mp-aaaabhql) | -66.713 (oqmd-11004) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Kubaschewski 1949_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-UBNOY6RWJD` |  |
| Ca2Sn | [Ca2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca2Sn.html) | -92 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.454 (mp-aaaabhql) | -66.713 (oqmd-11004) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-BLZHYWCZR4` |  |
| Ca2Sn | [Ca2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca2Sn.html) | -83.1193 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.454 (mp-aaaabhql) | -66.713 (oqmd-11004) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 4; `ORC-4UKE2WDEHB` |  |
| Ca2Sn | [Ca2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca2Sn.html) | -66.3582 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.454 (mp-aaaabhql) | -66.713 (oqmd-11004) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 5; `ORC-HPRMH56GZ7` |  |
| Ca2Sn |  | -66.3582 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 3; `ORC-MHYKPDR5YV` |  |
| Ca31Sn20 | [Ca31Sn20](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca31Sn20.html) | -85.4865 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -63.307 (mp-aaabmsjm) | -67.809 (oqmd-32622) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 16; `ORC-TE4DW3YS44` |  |
| Ca31Sn20 | [Ca31Sn20](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca31Sn20.html) | -84.941 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -63.307 (mp-aaabmsjm) | -67.809 (oqmd-32622) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 18; `ORC-TG3SYGCH5W` |  |
| Ca31Sn20 |  | -66.356 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 15; `ORC-Z3YDCNRAWB` |  |
| Ca31Sn20 | [Ca31Sn20](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca31Sn20.html) | -66.07 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -63.307 (mp-aaabmsjm) | -67.809 (oqmd-32622) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 17; `ORC-3TDQRJ5BDW` |  |
| Ca36Sn23 | [Ca36Sn23](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca36Sn23.html) | -85.7767 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -63.054 (mp-aaabgjjy) |  | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-5LP62FOECV` |  |
| Ca36Sn23 | [Ca36Sn23](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca36Sn23.html) | -85.22 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -63.054 (mp-aaabgjjy) |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 14; `ORC-ROZXES36QF` |  |
| Ca36Sn23 |  | -66.2987 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 11; `ORC-3KO4DSDZQ7` |  |
| Ca36Sn23 | [Ca36Sn23](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca36Sn23.html) | -66.1 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -63.054 (mp-aaabgjjy) |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 13; `ORC-UDZ2L4WUVT` |  |
| Ca5Sn3 | [Ca5Sn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca5Sn3.html) | -87 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.301 (mp-aaacrbwy) | -66.719 (oqmd-1800697) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 10; `ORC-TSFBDBHFO4` |  |
| Ca5Sn3 | [Ca5Sn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca5Sn3.html) | -86.6079 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.301 (mp-aaacrbwy) | -66.719 (oqmd-1800697) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 8; `ORC-RXJP37PL6V` |  |
| Ca5Sn3 | [Ca5Sn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca5Sn3.html) | -66.2 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.301 (mp-aaacrbwy) | -66.719 (oqmd-1800697) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 9; `ORC-BYNLZVBAFW` |  |
| Ca5Sn3 |  | -65.8414 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 7; `ORC-FSTM22EFMW` |  |
| Ca7Sn6 | [Ca7Sn6](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca7Sn6.html) | -76.615 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -61.718 (mp-aaaabulm) | -66.952 (oqmd-52518) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 22; `ORC-PDE67U62I5` |  |
| Ca7Sn6 | [Ca7Sn6](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca7Sn6.html) | -75.6618 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -61.718 (mp-aaaabulm) | -66.952 (oqmd-52518) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 20; `ORC-BNQFMTWZDM` |  |
| Ca7Sn6 |  | -65.1455 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 19; `ORC-IIXZAZBMZ3` |  |
| Ca7Sn6 | [Ca7Sn6](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Ca7Sn6.html) | -64.7 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -61.718 (mp-aaaabulm) | -66.952 (oqmd-52518) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 21; `ORC-474XVOQWET` |  |
| CaSn | [CaSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn.html) | -79.5 kJ/mol-atom ± 10.5 | 298.15 | experimental | -62.533 (mp-aaaaadqg) | -67.837 (oqmd-20943) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Kubaschewski 1949_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 23; `ORC-75TF2UUIYX` |  |
| CaSn | [CaSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn.html) | -72 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.533 (mp-aaaaadqg) | -67.837 (oqmd-20943) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 28; `ORC-ZFQFQQQZDG` |  |
| CaSn | [CaSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn.html) | -70.2455 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.533 (mp-aaaaadqg) | -67.837 (oqmd-20943) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 26; `ORC-EP4RSXRRVS` |  |
| CaSn |  | -66.3191 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 25; `ORC-IM3EKAHPKS` |  |
| CaSn | [CaSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn.html) | -63.6393 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -62.533 (mp-aaaaadqg) | -67.837 (oqmd-20943) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 27; `ORC-XDMEJGVLCL` |  |
| CaSn | [CaSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn.html) | -62 kJ/mol-atom ± 1 | 298.15 | experimental | -62.533 (mp-aaaaadqg) | -67.837 (oqmd-20943) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Bouirden 1984_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 24; `ORC-ROGHMCF5B4` |  |
| CaSn3 | [CaSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn3.html) | -44.98 kJ/mol-atom ± 4.2 | 298.15 | experimental | -39.254 (mp-aaaaaqsg) | -44.752 (oqmd-11003) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Kubaschewski 1949_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 29; `ORC-76XCA5T7TG` |  |
| CaSn3 |  | -40.9388 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 31; `ORC-KBPGMXAKUM` |  |
| CaSn3 | [CaSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn3.html) | -39.3495 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -39.254 (mp-aaaaaqsg) | -44.752 (oqmd-11003) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 33; `ORC-A6YYGSS3RQ` |  |
| CaSn3 | [CaSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn3.html) | -38.688 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -39.254 (mp-aaaaaqsg) | -44.752 (oqmd-11003) | [1] OHNO 2006 | Table 3, p. 5, row 34; `ORC-RHYOJMTKQZ` |  |
| CaSn3 | [CaSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn3.html) | -38.6 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.8 | 298.15 | experimental | -39.254 (mp-aaaaaqsg) | -44.752 (oqmd-11003) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Bouirden 1984_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 30; `ORC-LOEFJGND7S` |  |
| CaSn3 | [CaSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CaSn3.html) | -37.7225 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -39.254 (mp-aaaaaqsg) | -44.752 (oqmd-11003) | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Cartigny 2005_ | Table 3, p. 5, row 32; `ORC-MJHY3SQIM3` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (1)

Table: Phase transition, Ca–Sn system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1613 K | 1613 | Ca2Sn + liquid | experimental | [1] OHNO 2006; _cites Palenzona 2000_ | p. 2; `ORC-FG7DID4TFA` | “The Ca2Sn phase melts at the highest temperature, about 1613 K, which is much higher than the melting temperatures of the pure elements.” |

### Crystal structure (19)

Table: Crystal structure, Ca–Sn system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 4.741 not_printed ± 0.002 | 630 (\<) | CaSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-FAHKQKXTHK` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.867 not_printed ± 0.001 | 1000 (\<) | Ca7Sn6; _alloy: Sn 0.461538_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-W2N4VEMONN.94b059` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.813 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1010 (\<) | CaSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-7N5RGOPH3T.1648d5` |  |
| Lattice a | 12.521 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1130 (\<) | Ca31Sn20; _alloy: Sn 0.392157_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-NWWMIVZSTC.e776cc` |  |
| Lattice a | 12.499 not_printed ± 0.001 | 1130 (\<) | Ca36Sn23; _alloy: Sn 0.389831_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-75FBNOAF4N.e580f7` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.117 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1130 (\<) | Ca5Sn3 | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-NWSNHEHRLL.b54023` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.992 not_printed ± 0.003 | 1340 (\<) | Ca2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-PAETOLN5VP.2a08d5` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.981 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1340 (\<) | Ca2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-PAETOLN5VP.729d36` |  |
| Lattice b | 23.818 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1000 (\<) | Ca7Sn6; _alloy: Sn 0.461538_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-W2N4VEMONN.7b5243` |  |
| Lattice b | 11.544 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1010 (\<) | CaSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-7N5RGOPH3T.87994e` |  |
| Lattice b | 5.043 not_printed ± 0.001 | 1340 (\<) | Ca2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-PAETOLN5VP.e9fbdd` |  |
| Lattice b | 5.037 not_printed ± 0.003 | 1340 (\<) | Ca2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-PAETOLN5VP.edbbfe` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.465 not_printed ± 0.001 | 1000 (\<) | Ca7Sn6; _alloy: Sn 0.461538_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-W2N4VEMONN.145414` |  |
| Lattice c | 4.351 not_printed ± 0.001 | 1010 (\<) | CaSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-7N5RGOPH3T.2fd2ca` |  |
| Lattice c | 39.87 not_printed ± 0.02 | 1130 (\<) | Ca31Sn20; _alloy: Sn 0.392157_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-NWWMIVZSTC.e6d5ad` |  |
| Lattice c | 22.883 not_printed ± 0.005 | 1130 (\<) | Ca36Sn23; _alloy: Sn 0.389831_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-75FBNOAF4N.3881ea` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.429 not_printed ± 0.007 | 1130 (\<) | Ca5Sn3 | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-NWSNHEHRLL.0b2740` |  |
| Lattice c | 9.566 not_printed ± 0.002 | 1340 (\<) | Ca2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-PAETOLN5VP.b132bd` |  |
| Lattice c | 9.554 not_printed ± 0.005 | 1340 (\<) | Ca2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | unspecified | [2] Kozlov 2008 | Table 1, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-PAETOLN5VP.ea7497` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. M OHNO, A KOZLOV, R ARROYAVE, Z LIU, R SCHMIDFETZER, Thermodynamic modeling of the Ca–Sn system based on finite temperature quantities from first-principles and experiment, Acta Materialia 54, 4939-4951 (2006). [doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.017](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.017)
2. A. Kozlov, M. Ohno, R. Arroyave, Z.K. Liu, R. Schmid-Fetzer, Phase equilibria, thermodynamics and solidification microstructures of Mg–Sn–Ca alloys, Part 1: Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of the ternary Mg–Sn–Ca system, Intermetallics 16, 299-315 (2008). [doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2007.10.010](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2007.10.010)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).