# Cu–Nd system

> Cu–Nd system: 49 accepted literature values (formation 27, crystal structure 12, invariant reaction 9, phase transition 1) and 3 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-ND.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-ND.md

49 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 15, model 23, DFT 4, unspecified 7); 3 calculated phase diagram(s). 3 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/CU-ND.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-ND.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#CU-ND) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CU-ND/CuNd-11Wan.json) · [phases (13)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/CU-ND.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/CU-ND.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-ND.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 15 |
| model | 23 |
| DFT | 4 |
| unspecified | 7 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 9 |
| phase transition | 1 |
| formation | 27 |
| crystal structure | 12 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | P. Wang, L. Zhou, Y. Du, H. Xu, S. Liu, L. Chen, Y. Ouyang, J. Alloys Compd., 509, 2679-83(2011). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.11.160](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.11.160) | `dcf3e69ab0b3b3bedeb769870ebd9a42533e2c8495449629059c35a327cc7c8b` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CU-ND/CuNd-11Wan.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuNd-11Wan.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/CuNd-11Wan.json) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | Y. Du, N. Clavaguera, Scripta Mater, 34, 1609-13(1996). [doi:10.1016/1359-6462(96)00033-4](https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-6462%2896%2900033-4) | `3ca7c1071943556d2f79dabe947ced452caeaaa491fc8e89e825ef5ef741d67c` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CU-ND/CuNd-96Du.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuNd-96Du.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/CuNd-96Du.json) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | W. Zhuang, Z.-Y. Qiao, S. Wei, J. Shen, J. Phase Equilib., 17, 508-21(1996). [doi:10.1007/BF02665998](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02665998) | `b7165268ed28e2faa46b83a3178ac0d13886eb0261689783ee51b6ce6c8a3865` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#CU-ND/CuNd-96Zhu.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/CuNd-96Zhu.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/CuNd-96Zhu.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1141.61 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 2.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08467) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1141.61 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 2.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.0846) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1141.61 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 2.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08459) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1141.61 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 2.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08459) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1123.41 | LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.90257) + BCC_A2 (x(Nd) 0.99868) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1123.41 | LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.90276) + BCC_A2 (x(Nd) 0.99868) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1120.86 | CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) + CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.22128) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1120.86 | CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) + CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.22123) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1097.56 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24029) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1097.56 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24033) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1096.08 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.2423) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1074.92 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.26454) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1073.02 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.26627) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 1073.02 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.26602) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 947.59 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.50537) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 947.59 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.50525) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 794.16 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.71108) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 794.16 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.71115) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 794.16 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.71122) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 742.76 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + CUND_B27 (x(Nd) 0.5) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-11Wan.tdb | 742.76 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND_B27 (x(Nd) 0.5) + CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1131.54 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 4.600e-4) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08362) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1131.54 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 4.600e-4) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08354) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1127.54 | LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.91871) + BCC_A2 (x(Nd) 0.99987) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1127.54 | LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.91877) + BCC_A2 (x(Nd) 0.99987) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1119.78 | CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) + CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.22216) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1119.78 | CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) + CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.22213) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1095.7 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24342) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1095.7 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24345) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1095.7 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24334) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1094.4 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24526) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1094.4 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.2452) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1094.4 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24519) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1069.48 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.27239) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1069.48 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + CU7ND2 (x(Nd) 0.22222) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.27242) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1067.62 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.27414) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1067.62 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.27388) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 1067.62 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.27417) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 936.37 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.54461) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 936.37 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.54455) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 764.69 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.70379) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 764.69 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.7038) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 743 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND_B27 (x(Nd) 0.5) + CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 743 | CUND_B2 (x(Nd) 0.5) + CUND_B27 (x(Nd) 0.5) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Du.tdb | 514.9 | CUND_B27 (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.70837) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1169.93 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 8.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08412) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1169.93 | FCC_A1 (x(Nd) 8.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.08405) + CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1122.02 | LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.8994) + BCC_A2 (x(Nd) 0.99828) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1122.02 | LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.89956) + BCC_A2 (x(Nd) 0.99828) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1121.42 | CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) + CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.23491) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1121.42 | CU6ND (x(Nd) 0.14286) + CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.23486) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1098.63 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24841) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1098.62 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24873) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1098.62 | CU5ND_D2D (x(Nd) 0.16667) + CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.24877) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1072.83 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.26954) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1072.83 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.26953) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 1072.83 | CU4ND (x(Nd) 0.2) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.26974) + CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 889.29 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.5113) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 889.29 | CU2ND (x(Nd) 0.33333) + CUND (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.5111) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 731.6 | CUND (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.69913) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 731.6 | CUND (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.69909) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |
| CuNd-96Zhu.tdb | 731.6 | CUND (x(Nd) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Nd) 0.69915) + DHCP (x(Nd) 1) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/CU/CU-ND.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/CU/CU-ND.json) · [CALPHAD hull CuNd-96Du](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/CU/CU-ND--CuNd-96Du.json) · [CALPHAD hull CuNd-96Zhu](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/CU/CU-ND--CuNd-96Zhu.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Cu–Nd system (9)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1223 | congruent melting: liq \<-> Cu6Nd | L: Nd 0.143; Cu6Nd: Cu 0.857143, Nd 0.142857 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 2; `ORC-YLGGK2GAON` |  |
| 1169 | eutectic: liq \<-> Cu(fcc) + Cu6Nd | L: Nd 0.084; Cu6Nd: Cu 0.857143, Nd 0.142857 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 1; `ORC-PWMPUNV4C2` |  |
| 1128 | metatectic/catatectic: Nd(bcc) \<-> liq + Nd(dcph) | L: Nd 0.905 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 9; `ORC-STIX5ODNGG` |  |
| 1118 | peritectic: liq + Cu6Nd \<-> Cu5Nd | L: Nd 0.236; Cu6Nd: Cu 0.857143, Nd 0.142857; Cu5Nd: Cu 0.833333, Nd 0.166667 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 3; `ORC-6A4PZEWJGV` |  |
| 1111 | congruent melting: liq \<-> Cu2Nd | L: Nd 0.333; Cu2Nd: Cu 0.666667, Nd 0.333333 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 6; `ORC-WZBZI5BU32` |  |
| 1100 | peritectic: liq + Cu5Nd \<-> Cu4Nd | L: Nd 0.247; Cu5Nd: Cu 0.833333, Nd 0.166667; Cu4Nd: Cu 0.8, Nd 0.2 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 4; `ORC-LORVT275KD` |  |
| 1073 | eutectic: liq \<-> Cu4Nd + Cu2Nd | L: Nd 0.269; Cu4Nd: Cu 0.8, Nd 0.2; Cu2Nd: Cu 0.666667, Nd 0.333333 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 5; `ORC-OCY5FR2UL3` |  |
| 889 | peritectic: liq + Cu2Nd \<-> CuNd | L: Nd 0.511; Cu2Nd: Cu 0.666667, Nd 0.333333; CuNd: Cu 0.5, Nd 0.5 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 7; `ORC-G33WSPMZST` |  |
| 732 | eutectic: liq \<-> CuNd + Nd(dcph) | L: Nd 0.699; CuNd: Cu 0.5, Nd 0.5 | model | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 7, p. 9, row 8; `ORC-4FHEJN3KLM` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Cu–Nd system (27)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Cu2Nd |  | -20.488 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 7; `ORC-EONVDJ7DYV.42cc5a` |  |
| Cu2Nd | [Cu2Nd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Cu2Nd.html) | -20.25 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -19.536 (mp-aaaaarnw) | -20.057 (oqmd-1435011) | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 8; `ORC-2OPUP5U5JL.a14004` |  |
| Cu2Nd | [Cu2Nd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Cu2Nd.html) | -16.9 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -19.536 (mp-aaaaarnw) | -20.057 (oqmd-1435011) | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Qi 1989_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.30.273) | Table 2, p. 3, row 6; `ORC-I7NECGTHSI.4b9601` |  |
| Cu2R |  | -39.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 88Sub5_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 46; `ORC-MVZ2XW3W5H` |  |
| Cu2R |  | -31.4 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 47; `ORC-BIPUOBXGLY` |  |
| Cu2R |  | -20.5 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 45; `ORC-4HT453HGYM` |  |
| Cu2R |  | -16.9 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 94Fit_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 48; `ORC-WNMG2LME2C` |  |
| Cu4R |  | -22 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 44; `ORC-5H2BA3RKLO` |  |
| Cu4R |  | -18.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 88Sub5_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 43; `ORC-GJPXKCD32A` |  |
| Cu4R |  | -15.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 42; `ORC-DDBAN7AZS2` |  |
| Cu5Nd |  | -15.846 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 4; `ORC-43MUNMNKQP.1ff6b8` |  |
| Cu5Nd | [Cu5Nd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Cu5Nd.html) | -15.704 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -15.243 (mp-aaaaabrw) | -15.768 (oqmd-31351) | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 5; `ORC-7VDKUHSROE.1e29b2` |  |
| Cu5R |  | -20.8 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 88Sub5_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 40; `ORC-QDO2AXVWSZ` |  |
| Cu5R |  | -18.6 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 41; `ORC-FNOUP3SQNE` |  |
| Cu5R |  | -14.4 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 39; `ORC-WZQEXD65VR` |  |
| Cu6Nd |  | -13.939 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-T53L7WOGEF.37709c` |  |
| Cu6Nd | [Cu6Nd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Cu6Nd.html) | -13.58 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -12.896 (mp-aaacpwxr) | -12.969 (oqmd-18279) | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 3; `ORC-WA26FWP463.68f6cf` |  |
| Cu6Nd | [Cu6Nd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Cu6Nd.html) | -13.3 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -12.896 (mp-aaacpwxr) | -12.969 (oqmd-18279) | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Qi 1989_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.30.273) | Table 2, p. 3, row 1; `ORC-AOI2GCMTQT.d50b9e` |  |
| Cu6R |  | -25.4 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 88Sub5_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 36; `ORC-EONO5BXL43` |  |
| Cu6R |  | -16 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 37; `ORC-LCEOEBLSCY` |  |
| Cu6R |  | -13.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 94Fit_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 38; `ORC-KD6XOILLTI` |  |
| Cu6R |  | -13.3 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 35; `ORC-MHJOCYB3ZS` |  |
| CuR |  | -32.1 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | unspecified |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996; _cites ref. 88Sub5_ | Table 10, p. 13, row 50; `ORC-CHAKBY6TRO` |  |
| CuR |  | -31 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 51; `ORC-LBAZK5SJ6Y` |  |
| CuR |  | -20 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [1] Zhuang 1996 | Table 10, p. 13, row 49; `ORC-NR2O5M2RBZ` |  |
| αCuNd | [CuNd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/CuNd.html) | -18.28 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -17.64 (mp-aaaaatvc) | -18.115 (oqmd-122448) | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 10; `ORC-OS5PYP3GQF.4bfc79` |  |
| αCuNd |  | -18.127 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | DFT |  |  | [2] Wang 2011 | Table 2, p. 3, row 9; `ORC-KJBCKHBFOX.1945c1` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (1)

Table: Phase transition, Cu–Nd system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1058 K | 1058 | Cu7 Nd2 = liquid + Cu4 Nd | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Carnasciali 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2883%2990230-8) | p. 1; `ORC-E32L4C5LDN` | “According to the experimental data \[5\], the Cu7 Nd2 phase was decomposed via the reaction Cu7 Nd2 = liquid + Cu4 Nd at about 1058 K.” |

### Crystal structure (12)

Table: Crystal structure, Cu–Nd system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 4.387 Å | 298.15 | Cu2Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Carnasciali 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2883%2990230-8) | Table 1, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-G3BGFHPULT.e92259` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.27 Å | 298.15 | Cu4Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.2_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Carnasciali 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2883%2990230-8) | Table 1, p. 2, row 3; `ORC-IER6VZVDEI` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.11 Å | 298.15 | Cu5Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.166667_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-Q4UY3USO7X.ac066a` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.064 Å | 298.15 | Cu6Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.142857_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-6FL4BR7S57.8e79bb` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.279 Å | 298.15 | αCuNd; _alloy: Nd 0.5_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 5; `ORC-YT25Q3PTQS.76b478` |  |
| Lattice b | 7.059 Å | 298.15 | Cu2Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Carnasciali 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2883%2990230-8) | Table 1, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-G3BGFHPULT.b41506` |  |
| Lattice b | 5.058 Å | 298.15 | Cu6Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.142857_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-6FL4BR7S57.a1db70` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.514 Å | 298.15 | αCuNd; _alloy: Nd 0.5_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 5; `ORC-YT25Q3PTQS.95f36f` |  |
| Lattice c | 7.42 Å | 298.15 | Cu2Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Carnasciali 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2883%2990230-8) | Table 1, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-G3BGFHPULT.7ea372` |  |
| Lattice c | 4.107 Å | 298.15 | Cu5Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.166667_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-Q4UY3USO7X.563398` |  |
| Lattice c | 10.113 Å | 298.15 | Cu6Nd; _alloy: Nd 0.142857_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-6FL4BR7S57.f2f6ef` |  |
| Lattice c | 5.636 Å | 298.15 | αCuNd; _alloy: Nd 0.5_ | experimental | [2] Wang 2011; _cites Laks 1984_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2884%2990385-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 5; `ORC-YT25Q3PTQS.d6f92e` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. W. Zhuang, Z. -Y. Qiao, S. Wei, J. Shen, Thermodynamic evaluation of the Cu-R (R: Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) binary systems, JPE 17, 508-521 (1996). [doi:10.1007/bf02665998](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02665998)
2. Peisheng Wang, Liangcai Zhou, Yong Du, Honghui Xu, Shuhong Liu, Li Chen et al., Thermodynamic optimization of the Cu–Nd system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 2679-2683 (2011). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.11.160](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.11.160)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).