# Cu–Sb–Se system

> Cu–Sb–Se system: 49 accepted literature values (crystal structure 33, invariant reaction 16) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-SB-SE.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-SB-SE.md

49 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 33, model 16); 0 calculated phase diagram(s). 3 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/CU-SB-SE.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-SB-SE.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#CU-SB-SE) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/CU-SB-SE.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/CU-SB-SE.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 33 |
| model | 16 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 16 |
| crystal structure | 33 |

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Cu–Sb–Se system (16)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 919.9 | eutectic: L = β-Cu2Se + (Cu) + β |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 1; `ORC-LEWNCFLR7D` |  |
| 857.8 | quasi-peritectic: L + β = β-Cu2Se + η |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 2; `ORC-DINQQ3CR2K` |  |
| 839.3 | eutectic: L = (Se) + L1 + β-Cu2Se |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 3; `ORC-ODZSUPJVVD` |  |
| 797 | eutectic: L = β-Cu2Se + η + (Se) |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 5; `ORC-UBW6Z7RNIZ` |  |
| 785 | eutectic: L = (Se) + β-Cu2Se + Cu3SbSe3 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 6; `ORC-ZEA3D47DEJ` |  |
| 784.5 | eutectic: L = (Se) + Sb2Se3 + CuSb3Se5 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 7; `ORC-B5W7YRDQIX` |  |
| 753.8 | eutectic: L = (Se) + Cu3SbSe3 + CuSb3Se5 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 8; `ORC-HSOKJNWCUR` |  |
| 753.7 | eutectic: L2 = Cu3SbSe3 + CuSb3Se5 + CuSbSe2 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 9; `ORC-KKI54SRD72` |  |
| 751.3 | quasi-peritectic: L + β-Cu2Se = Cu3SbSe3 + Cu3SbSe4(h) |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-LFOLJMA32P` |  |
| 744.3 | eutectic: L2 = L3 + β-Cu2Se + Cu3SbSe4(h) |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 11; `ORC-Q36DNBAQ6A` |  |
| 726.1 | quasi-peritectic: L + Cu3SbSe3 = Cu3SbSe4(h) + CuSbSe2 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 12; `ORC-B7IYTXL3U2` |  |
| 720.7 | eutectic: CuSb3Se5 = L + CuSbSe2 + Sb2Se3 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 13; `ORC-2VYMM4F2AB` |  |
| 699.9 | quasi-peritectic: L + Cu3SbSe4(r) = Cu3SbSe4(h) + CuSbSe2 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 14; `ORC-CM6Z7ZTCQW` |  |
| 699.9 | peritectic: L2 + L3 + Cu3SbSe4(r) = Cu3SbSe4(h) |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 15; `ORC-VGSTNNOYRL` |  |
| 682.2 | quasi-peritectic: L + CuSbSe2 = Cu3SbSe4(r) + Sb2Se3 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 16; `ORC-TPVCPFOJYF` |  |
| 672 | eutectic: L2 = Cu3SbSe4(r) + Sb2Se3 + L3 |  | model | [1] Liu 2023 | Table 3, p. 8, row 17; `ORC-FR5ADL7N3O` |  |

## Other properties

### Crystal structure (33)

Table: Crystal structure, Cu–Sb–Se system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 7.959 Å | 298.15 | A(Cu3SbSe3); _alloy: Sb 0.142857, Se 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Halenius 2016_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.085) | Table 1, p. 3, row 18; `ORC-BZCMI42TTD.a82cae` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.9865 Å | 298.15 | A(Cu3SbSe3); _alloy: Sb 0.142857, Se 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Pfitzner 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956210431) | Table 1, p. 3, row 19; `ORC-OWPR7XLSHM.f284e6` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.2988 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Baker 2015_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.04.138) | Table 1, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-3W2VHL6E5S.8ef9ab` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.4 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Imamov 1965_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-7AP76VHAA4.613e3b` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.299 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Zhou 2008_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 21; `ORC-V344WF7PYU.65a4bf` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.302 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Ramasamy 2015_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 22; `ORC-W4HYIMEDXH.c1155b` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.637 Å | 298.15 | Pe(h)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Annamamedov 1967_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 26; `ORC-5OY6EHPABL` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.63 Å | 298.15 | Pe(h)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Scott 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408%2873%2990164-5) | Table 1, p. 3, row 27; `ORC-DMF3MLHJSZ` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.6 Å | 298.15 | Pe(h)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Annamamedov 1965_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 25; `ORC-UIAFNYJXXF` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.56 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Annamamedov 1967_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 32; `ORC-F266NKCSQV.ae969a` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.6609 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Pfitzner 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1994.209.8.685) | Table 1, p. 3, row 28; `ORC-LE5OHN243Z.830cff` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.649 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Golovei 1985_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 30; `ORC-OEGRIG3XMG.fabd67` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.631 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Johan 1971_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.3406/bulmi.1971.6572) | Table 1, p. 3, row 31; `ORC-PDMQYDAXRG.a8ba98` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.654 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Busch 1960_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 33; `ORC-TM2EY2VHDO.6e3269` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.645 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Garin 1972_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740872008568) | Table 1, p. 3, row 29; `ORC-VBVK45GIXM.42473e` |  |
| Lattice b | 10.583 Å | 298.15 | A(Cu3SbSe3); _alloy: Sb 0.142857, Se 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Halenius 2016_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.085) | Table 1, p. 3, row 18; `ORC-BZCMI42TTD.5144c4` |  |
| Lattice b | 10.6138 Å | 298.15 | A(Cu3SbSe3); _alloy: Sb 0.142857, Se 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Pfitzner 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956210431) | Table 1, p. 3, row 19; `ORC-OWPR7XLSHM.6cc857` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.981 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Baker 2015_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.04.138) | Table 1, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-3W2VHL6E5S.187b55` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.95 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Imamov 1965_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-7AP76VHAA4.9759ed` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.9734 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Zhou 2008_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 21; `ORC-V344WF7PYU.cda6f0` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.988 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Ramasamy 2015_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 22; `ORC-W4HYIMEDXH.193f7f` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.824 Å | 298.15 | A(Cu3SbSe3); _alloy: Sb 0.142857, Se 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Halenius 2016_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.085) | Table 1, p. 3, row 18; `ORC-BZCMI42TTD.814291` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.8372 Å | 298.15 | A(Cu3SbSe3); _alloy: Sb 0.142857, Se 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Pfitzner 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19956210431) | Table 1, p. 3, row 19; `ORC-OWPR7XLSHM.a96ee2` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.003 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Baker 2015_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.04.138) | Table 1, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-3W2VHL6E5S.5ecb8b` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.33 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Imamov 1965_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-7AP76VHAA4.23251b` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.005 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Zhou 2008_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 21; `ORC-V344WF7PYU.666553` |  |
| Lattice c | 14.957 Å | 298.15 | B(CuSbSe2); _alloy: Sb 0.25, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Ramasamy 2015_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 22; `ORC-W4HYIMEDXH.160a89` |  |
| Lattice c | 10.95 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Annamamedov 1967_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 32; `ORC-F266NKCSQV.008488` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.28 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Pfitzner 1994_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1994.209.8.685) | Table 1, p. 3, row 28; `ORC-LE5OHN243Z.f81c0b` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.215 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Golovei 1985_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 30; `ORC-OEGRIG3XMG.0c4985` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.23 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Johan 1971_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.3406/bulmi.1971.6572) | Table 1, p. 3, row 31; `ORC-PDMQYDAXRG.4200a9` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.256 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Busch 1960_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 33; `ORC-TM2EY2VHDO.70c1fc` |  |
| Lattice c | 11.275 Å | 298.15 | Pe(r)(Cu3SbSe4); _alloy: Sb 0.125, Se 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Liu 2023; _cites Garin 1972_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1107/s0567740872008568) | Table 1, p. 3, row 29; `ORC-VBVK45GIXM.34bf7b` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Runlin Liu, Jiong Wang, Dongyu Cui, Thermodynamic Modeling of the Cu-Sb-Se System, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 44, 687-703 (2023). [doi:10.1007/s11669-023-01074-8](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-023-01074-8)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).