# Er–Pd system

> Er–Pd system: 52 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 21, formation 20, phase transition 10, mixing / partial 1) and 1 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/ER-PD.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/ER-PD.md

52 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 15, model 37); 1 calculated phase diagram(s). 3 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/ER-PD.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/ER-PD.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#ER-PD) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#ER-PD/ErPd-00Du.json) · [phases (14)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/ER-PD.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/ER-PD.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/ER-PD.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 15 |
| model | 37 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 21 |
| phase transition | 10 |
| formation | 20 |
| mixing / partial | 1 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | Z. Du, H. Yang, J. Alloys Compd., 299, 199-204(2000). [doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00691-X](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388%2899%2900691-X) | `cc635afc1ea75b3485fa581bb0d5aa3f97d047a8867fbd44491a2e8bb96266f5` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#ER-PD/ErPd-00Du.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/ErPd-00Du.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/ErPd-00Du.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1702.46 | ERPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.49997) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.55066) + ER3PD4 (x(Pd) 0.57143) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1702.46 | ERPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.49997) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.55071) + ER3PD4 (x(Pd) 0.57143) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1607.77 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.64578) + ER10PD21 (x(Pd) 0.67742) + ERPD3_L12 (x(Pd) 0.75) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1607.77 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.64582) + ER10PD21 (x(Pd) 0.67742) + ERPD3_L12 (x(Pd) 0.75) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1595.68 | ER3PD4 (x(Pd) 0.57143) + ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.62147) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1595.68 | ER3PD4 (x(Pd) 0.57143) + ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.62139) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1565.87 | ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.63188) + ER10PD21 (x(Pd) 0.67742) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1565.86 | ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.63183) + ER10PD21 (x(Pd) 0.67742) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1565.86 | ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.6318) + ER10PD21 (x(Pd) 0.67742) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1552.65 | ERPD3_L12 (x(Pd) 0.78815) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.8563) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.88152) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1423.12 | ER3PD4 (x(Pd) 0.57143) + ER2PD3_LT (x(Pd) 0.6) + ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1423.12 | ER2PD3_HT (x(Pd) 0.6) + ER2PD3_LT (x(Pd) 0.6) + ER10PD21 (x(Pd) 0.67742) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1264.91 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.364) + ER3PD2_D5A (x(Pd) 0.4) + ERPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.47745) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1195.62 | ER5PD2 (x(Pd) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.32002) + ER3PD2_D5A (x(Pd) 0.4) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1195.61 | ER5PD2 (x(Pd) 0.28571) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.31983) + ER3PD2_D5A (x(Pd) 0.4) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1189.65 | HCP_A3 (x(Pd) 0) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.2417) + ER5PD2 (x(Pd) 0.28571) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 1189.65 | HCP_A3 (x(Pd) 0) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.24168) + ER5PD2 (x(Pd) 0.28571) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 838.14 | ER3PD2_D5A (x(Pd) 0.4) + ERPD_B27 (x(Pd) 0.4942) + ERPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.49651) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 838.13 | ER3PD2_D5A (x(Pd) 0.4) + ERPD_B27 (x(Pd) 0.49417) + ERPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.49649) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 821.12 | ERPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.5) + ERPD_B27 (x(Pd) 0.5) + ER3PD4 (x(Pd) 0.57143) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 723.01 | ERPD3_L12 (x(Pd) 0.78154) + ERPD7 (x(Pd) 0.875) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.89134) |
| ErPd-00Du.tdb | 723.01 | ERPD3_L12 (x(Pd) 0.78154) + ERPD7 (x(Pd) 0.875) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.89134) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/ER/ER-PD.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/ER/ER-PD.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Er–Pd system (21)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1703 | eutectic: Liq.->βErPd+Er3Pd4 | Liq.: Pd 0.5507; βErPd: Pd 0.5; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 13; `ORC-NV4UMCBUKV` |  |
| 1703 | eutectic: Liq.->βErPd+Er3Pd4 | Liq.: Pd 0.535; βErPd: Pd 0.5; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 14; `ORC-QDCPC2WV3S` |  |
| 1608 | Liq.+ErPd3->Er10Pd21 | Liq.: Pd 0.6458; ErPd3: Pd 0.75; Er10Pd21: Pd 0.677419 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 25; `ORC-3XLMRTNMLQ` |  |
| 1608 | Liq.+ErPd3->Er10Pd21 | Liq.: Pd 0.659; ErPd3: Pd 0.75; Er10Pd21: Pd 0.677419 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 26; `ORC-RXGU6QB6JH` |  |
| 1596 | Liq.+Er3Pd4->βEr2Pd3 | Liq.: Pd 0.626; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429; βEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 20; `ORC-6NE5MGTGRO` |  |
| 1596 | Liq.+Er3Pd4->βEr2Pd3 | Liq.: Pd 0.6215; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429; βEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 19; `ORC-ONP6QX5U3Q` |  |
| 1568 | eutectic: Liq.->βEr2Pd3+Er10Pd21 | Liq.: Pd 0.635; βEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6; Er10Pd21: Pd 0.677419 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 22; `ORC-I6XUPCL4NO` |  |
| 1566 | eutectic: Liq.->βEr2Pd3+Er10Pd21 | Liq.: Pd 0.6318; βEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6; Er10Pd21: Pd 0.677419 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 21; `ORC-LPZ6BOLHPA` |  |
| 1553 | eutectic: Liq.->ErPd3+f.c.c.(Pd) | Liq.: Pd 0.86; ErPd3: Pd 0.795; f.c.c.(Pd): Pd 0.87 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 30; `ORC-F6GTF574VL` |  |
| 1553 | eutectic: Liq.->ErPd3+f.c.c.(Pd) | Liq.: Pd 0.8563; ErPd3: Pd 0.7882; f.c.c.(Pd): Pd 0.8815 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 29; `ORC-LZDROLPS5W` |  |
| 1265 | Liq.+βErPd->Er3Pd2 | Liq.: Pd 0.364; βErPd: Pd 0.4774; Er3Pd2: Pd 0.4 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 9; `ORC-X47YFVC67I` |  |
| 1264 | Liq.+βErPd->Er3Pd2 | Liq.: Pd 0.35; βErPd: Pd 0.491; Er3Pd2: Pd 0.4 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 10; `ORC-S2JCMJ5XDQ` |  |
| 1196 | eutectic: Liq.->Er5Pd2+Er3Pd2 | Liq.: Pd 0.315; Er5Pd2: Pd 0.285714; Er3Pd2: Pd 0.4 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-6XVZ7MCQTP` |  |
| 1196 | eutectic: Liq.->Er5Pd2+Er3Pd2 | Liq.: Pd 0.3198; Er5Pd2: Pd 0.285714; Er3Pd2: Pd 0.4 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 5; `ORC-EB4VKJK4JY` |  |
| 1190 | eutectic: Liq.->h.c.p.(Er)+Er5Pd2 | Liq.: Pd 0.2417; h.c.p.(Er): Pd 0; Er5Pd2: Pd 0.285714 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-3RPLBPDO5Y` |  |
| 1188 | eutectic: Liq.->h.c.p.(Er)+Er5Pd2 | Liq.: Pd 0.265; h.c.p.(Er): Pd 0; Er5Pd2: Pd 0.285714 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-4R37SFGZLR` |  |
| 838 | Er3Pd2+βErPd->αErPd | Er3Pd2: Pd 0.4; βErPd: Pd 0.491; αErPd: Pd 0.491 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 8; `ORC-K6PCDTZ34H` |  |
| 838 | Er3Pd2+βErPd->αErPd | Er3Pd2: Pd 0.4; βErPd: Pd 0.4965; αErPd: Pd 0.4942 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 7; `ORC-OUENVYDO2C` |  |
| 821 | βErPd->αErPd+Er3Pd4 | βErPd: Pd 0.5; αErPd: Pd 0.5; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 15; `ORC-GVL3DP5UUY` |  |
| 821 | βErPd->αErPd+Er3Pd4 | βErPd: Pd 0.5; αErPd: Pd 0.5; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 16; `ORC-JILOJRH2PL` |  |
| 723 | f.c.c.(Pd)+ErPd3->ErPd7 | f.c.c.(Pd): Pd 0.8913; ErPd3: Pd 0.7815; ErPd7: Pd 0.875 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 31; `ORC-4RUUFIJ6ZN` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Er–Pd system (7)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Pd21Er10 |  | -94.07 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 44; `ORC-7Q7NPEL45O.3e217b` |  |
| Pd3Er | [ErPd3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/ErPd3.html) | -94.07 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -88.405 (mp-aaaaaeer) | -88.196 (oqmd-18320) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-APZ2U5HYKT.610020` |  |
| Pd3Er | [ErPd3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/ErPd3.html) | -55.755 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -88.405 (mp-aaaaaeer) | -88.196 (oqmd-18320) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 76; `ORC-VUJDXDCFZU.a608d1` |  |
| Pd4Er3 | [Er3Pd4](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Er3Pd4.html) | -92.573 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -93.36 (mp-aaackwhi) | -93.559 (oqmd-30026) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 38; `ORC-XPFBMOECZS.b8bc59` |  |
| Pd7Er |  | -55.755 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 76; `ORC-VUJDXDCFZU.435b91` |  |
| Pd7RE |  | -55.755 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-N5IRJB22KH.7acd46` |  |
| PdEr | [ErPd](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/ErPd.html) | -90.231 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -89.841 (mp-aaaaabgt) | -92.218 (oqmd-1372126) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 26; `ORC-RE3Y4SJVPC.0fd18a` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (10)

Table: Phase transition, Er–Pd system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1212 K | 1212 | Liq.->Er5Pd2; _Liq.: Pd 0.285714; Er5Pd2: Pd 0.285714_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 3; `ORC-EMFTD7RKX5` |  |
| Phase transition | 1213 K | 1213 | Liq.->Er5Pd2; _Liq.: Pd 0.285714; Er5Pd2: Pd 0.285714_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 4; `ORC-AORLKEGTAX` |  |
| Phase transition | 1423 K | 1423 | βEr2Pd3->αEr2Pd3; _βEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6; αEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 23; `ORC-FQP7VN3QMY` |  |
| Phase transition | 1423 K | 1423 | βEr2Pd3->αEr2Pd3; _βEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6; αEr2Pd3: Pd 0.6_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 24; `ORC-SULEUI4PNO` |  |
| Phase transition | 1722 K | 1722 | Liq.->Er3Pd4; _Liq.: Pd 0.571429; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 17; `ORC-S7423AZNQW` |  |
| Phase transition | 1723 K | 1723 | Liq.->Er3Pd4; _Liq.: Pd 0.571429; Er3Pd4: Pd 0.571429_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 18; `ORC-KZXP4MZ2JT` |  |
| Phase transition | 1813 K | 1813 | Liq.->βErPd; _Liq.: Pd 0.5; βErPd: Pd 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-GAN4BCDM6A` |  |
| Phase transition | 1813 K | 1813 | Liq.->βErPd; _Liq.: Pd 0.4994; βErPd: Pd 0.5_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 11; `ORC-NUTBRD6VDY` |  |
| Phase transition | 1983 K | 1983 | Liq.->ErPd3; _Liq.: Pd 0.75; ErPd3: Pd 0.75_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 28; `ORC-QIZGROVVU6` |  |
| Phase transition | 1983 K | 1983 | Liq.->ErPd3; _Liq.: Pd 0.7501; ErPd3: Pd 0.75_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 27; `ORC-YGSEIG3E5R` |  |

### Formation (13)

Table: Formation, Er–Pd system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 5.723 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd21Er10; _alloy: Er 0.322581, Pd 0.677419_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 44; `ORC-7Q7NPEL45O.00f6f9` |  |
| Entropy of formation | 5.723 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd3Er; _alloy: Er 0.25, Pd 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-APZ2U5HYKT.93295c` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 7.36 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd3Er; _alloy: Er 0.25, Pd 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 76; `ORC-VUJDXDCFZU.ba8e8c` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | -0.549 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd4Er3; _alloy: Er 0.428571, Pd 0.571429_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 38; `ORC-XPFBMOECZS.955adc` |  |
| Entropy of formation | 7.36 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd7Er; _alloy: Er 0.125, Pd 0.875_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 76; `ORC-VUJDXDCFZU.3e6355` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: Entropies of formation_ | 7.36 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd7RE; _alloy: Er 0.125, Pd 0.875_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-N5IRJB22KH.5c30db` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | -0.862 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | PdEr; _alloy: Er 0.5, Pd 0.5_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 26; `ORC-RE3Y4SJVPC.337d3e` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -95.7763 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd21Er10; _alloy: Er 0.322581, Pd 0.677419_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 44; `ORC-7Q7NPEL45O.4a5939` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -95.7763 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd3Er; _alloy: Er 0.25, Pd 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-APZ2U5HYKT.1d4ba8` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -57.9494 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd3Er; _alloy: Er 0.25, Pd 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 76; `ORC-VUJDXDCFZU.beee58` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -92.4093 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd4Er3; _alloy: Er 0.428571, Pd 0.571429_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 38; `ORC-XPFBMOECZS.0d0e46` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -57.9494 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd7Er; _alloy: Er 0.125, Pd 0.875_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 76; `ORC-VUJDXDCFZU.02f2e4` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -89.974 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | PdEr; _alloy: Er 0.5, Pd 0.5_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 26; `ORC-RE3Y4SJVPC.08435f` |  |

### Mixing / partial (1)

Table: Mixing / partial, Er–Pd system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gibbs energy of mixing; _printed: Gibbs free Energies_ | -57.9494 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd7RE; _alloy: Er 0.125, Pd 0.875_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-N5IRJB22KH.f7c680` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Zhenmin Du, Haifang Yang, Thermodynamic modelling of the Er–Pd system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 299, 199-204 (2000). [doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(99)00691-x](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2899%2900691-x)
2. Said Kardellass, Colette Servant, Isabelle Drouelle, Fatima Zahra Chrifi-Alaoui, Mohamed Idbenali, Alyen Abahazem et al., Calphad-type assessment of the Pd-Yb binary system supported by first-principles calculations – Part II: Results, Materials Today: Proceedings 24, 140-150 (2020). [doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.196](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.196)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).