# Fe–Nb–Ti system

> Fe–Nb–Ti system: 35 accepted literature values (phase equilibrium 31, invariant reaction 4) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/FE-NB-TI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/FE-NB-TI.md

35 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 31, model 4); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/FE-NB-TI.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/FE-NB-TI.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#FE-NB-TI) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/FE-NB-TI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/FE-NB-TI.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 31 |
| model | 4 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 4 |
| phase equilibrium | 31 |

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Fe–Nb–Ti system (4)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1755.78 | eutectic: L -> FeNb + (Nb, βTi) + Fe2(Nb, Ti) | L: Nb 0.5672, Ti 0.0148 | model | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 7, p. 8, row 4; `ORC-5OYDWWFWG3` |  |
| 1599.12 | quasi-peritectic: L + FeNb -> (Nb, βTi) + Fe2(Nb, Ti) | L: Nb 0.2737, Ti 0.2787 | model | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 7, p. 8, row 3; `ORC-3EPX3BOTIZ` |  |
| 1492 | quasi-peritectic: L + Fe2(Nb, Ti) -> FeNb + FeTi | L: Nb 0.2005, Ti 0.3743 | model | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 7, p. 8, row 2; `ORC-LETMMPFYRC` |  |
| 1483.36 | eutectic: L -> FeNb + FeTi + (Nb, βTi) | L: Nb 0.2205, Ti 0.3919 | model | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 7, p. 8, row 1; `ORC-K3GAMKK3U6` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase equilibrium (31)

Table: Phase equilibrium, Fe–Nb–Ti system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6239, Nb 0.0902, Ti 0.2859; FeTi: Fe 0.4614, Nb 0.0462, Ti 0.4924_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 6; `ORC-2XRQOXBGYP` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + αFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7243, Nb 0.1179, Ti 0.1578; αFe: Fe 0.9682, Nb 0.0024, Ti 0.0294_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 9; `ORC-LULOCQB2BA` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + γFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7229, Nb 0.216, Ti 0.0611; γFe: Fe 0.9877, Nb 0.0042, Ti 0.0081_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 10; `ORC-CEPWO3ELIP` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeNb + (Nb, βTi); _FeNb: Fe 0.4773, Nb 0.4051, Ti 0.1176; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0425, Nb 0.9084, Ti 0.0491_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 3; `ORC-UYRZI2C64D` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeNb + (Nb, βTi) + FeTi; _FeNb: Fe 0.4631, Nb 0.3302, Ti 0.2067; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0454, Nb 0.8538, Ti 0.1008; FeTi: Fe 0.368, Nb 0.0958, Ti 0.5362_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 4; `ORC-RLPS2ILCUJ` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeNb + Fe2(Nb, Ti); _FeNb: Fe 0.6207, Nb 0.2398, Ti 0.1395; Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.5191, Nb 0.3571, Ti 0.1238_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 7; `ORC-4BKFQIIPNY` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeNb + Fe2(Nb, Ti); _FeNb: Fe 0.5303, Nb 0.3929, Ti 0.0768; Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6249, Nb 0.2866, Ti 0.0885_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 8; `ORC-D6O6Q2QOYX` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeNb + Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _FeNb: Fe 0.514, Nb 0.2859, Ti 0.2001; Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.571, Nb 0.1761, Ti 0.2529; FeTi: Fe 0.3917, Nb 0.0833, Ti 0.525_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 5; `ORC-SDR2JBI4LO` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeTi + (Nb, βTi); _FeTi: Fe 0.3664, Nb 0.0913, Ti 0.5423; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0987, Nb 0.1272, Ti 0.7741_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-GCE62VVI7C` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1273.15 | FeTi + (Nb, βTi); _FeTi: Fe 0.3697, Nb 0.0951, Ti 0.5352; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.089, Nb 0.2737, Ti 0.6373_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 1; `ORC-KDBMVBH2XE` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeNb; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6233, Nb 0.2788, Ti 0.0979; FeNb: Fe 0.5129, Nb 0.4, Ti 0.0871_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 18; `ORC-FY2U76JU76` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeNb; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6047, Nb 0.2387, Ti 0.1566; FeNb: Fe 0.5132, Nb 0.3433, Ti 0.1435_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 17; `ORC-IJLCWP4HMB` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.5981, Nb 0.1565, Ti 0.2454; FeTi: Fe 0.4145, Nb 0.0647, Ti 0.5208_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 15; `ORC-2S4W2S6KLC` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.627, Nb 0.0763, Ti 0.2967; FeTi: Fe 0.4446, Nb 0.0442, Ti 0.5112_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 16; `ORC-Y6KPWNJVC5` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + αFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7266, Nb 0.1445, Ti 0.1289; αFe: Fe 0.9612, Nb 0.0066, Ti 0.0322_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-H33KOJJP6R` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + αFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7461, Nb 0.0847, Ti 0.1692; αFe: Fe 0.9624, Nb 0.0036, Ti 0.034_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 19; `ORC-IUGFTV65NE` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + γFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7218, Nb 0.2193, Ti 0.0589; γFe: Fe 0.9796, Nb 0.0064, Ti 0.014_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 21; `ORC-Q62GAPGTT7` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | FeNb + (Nb, βTi); _FeNb: Fe 0.4839, Nb 0.406, Ti 0.1101; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.046, Nb 0.9016, Ti 0.0524_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 12; `ORC-VEISGHNMKN` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | FeNb + (Nb, βTi) + FeTi; _FeNb: Fe 0.467, Nb 0.3621, Ti 0.1709; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0441, Nb 0.855, Ti 0.1009; FeTi: Fe 0.3693, Nb 0.0977, Ti 0.533_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 13; `ORC-LHLIG5HV5U` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | FeNb + Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _FeNb: Fe 0.4978, Nb 0.318, Ti 0.1842; Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.5794, Nb 0.2135, Ti 0.2071; FeTi: Fe 0.3862, Nb 0.0812, Ti 0.5326_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 14; `ORC-GR62PJDIOT` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1373.15 | FeTi + (Nb, βTi); _FeTi: Fe 0.3668, Nb 0.0913, Ti 0.5419; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0855, Nb 0.3785, Ti 0.536_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-7ZIRKRSIDD` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeNb; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6338, Nb 0.304, Ti 0.0622; FeNb: Fe 0.523, Nb 0.4191, Ti 0.0579_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 28; `ORC-3RZJBMBKGE` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6598, Nb 0.0945, Ti 0.2457; FeTi: Fe 0.4822, Nb 0.0107, Ti 0.5071_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 27; `ORC-7EOAE5EJ5B` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.6222, Nb 0.1914, Ti 0.1864; FeTi: Fe 0.4399, Nb 0.0487, Ti 0.5114_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 26; `ORC-GQGVGGT4MN` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + αFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7388, Nb 0.0919, Ti 0.1693; αFe: Fe 0.9515, Nb 0.0052, Ti 0.0433_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 29; `ORC-5RVTSZ3BU4` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + αFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7262, Nb 0.1552, Ti 0.1186; αFe: Fe 0.9588, Nb 0.008, Ti 0.0332_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 30; `ORC-YWG23WGVQB` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | Fe2(Nb, Ti) + γFe; _Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.7282, Nb 0.2313, Ti 0.0405; γFe: Fe 0.9799, Nb 0.0109, Ti 0.0092_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 31; `ORC-JZKQ5JY7IC` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | FeNb + (Nb, βTi); _FeNb: Fe 0.4738, Nb 0.3983, Ti 0.1279; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0502, Nb 0.8724, Ti 0.0774_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 24; `ORC-MG5GGZTB2B` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | FeNb + (Nb, βTi) + FeTi; _FeNb: Fe 0.4566, Nb 0.3554, Ti 0.188; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.0602, Nb 0.8102, Ti 0.1296; FeTi: Fe 0.3691, Nb 0.1008, Ti 0.5301_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-5ZIZTT3NX4` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | FeNb + Fe2(Nb, Ti) + FeTi; _FeNb: Fe 0.5092, Nb 0.3448, Ti 0.146; Fe2(Nb, Ti): Fe 0.5886, Nb 0.2473, Ti 0.1641; FeTi: Fe 0.4038, Nb 0.0817, Ti 0.5145_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 25; `ORC-S3CBMCLHCX` |  |
| Phase composition |  | 1473.15 | L + (Nb, βTi); _L: Fe 0.1121, Nb 0.1409, Ti 0.747; (Nb, βTi): Fe 0.2443, Nb 0.0816, Ti 0.6741_ | experimental | [1] Wang 2011 | Table 1, p. 3, row 22; `ORC-QVGI6YNTHE` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. C.P. Wang, J.P. Zheng, Y. Yu, H.F. Hu, X.J. Liu, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the phase equilibria in the Fe–Nb–Ti ternary system, Materials Chemistry and Physics 130, 806-814 (2011). [doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.07.071](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.07.071)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).