# Gd–Mg system

> Gd–Mg system: 65 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 44, crystal structure 13, formation 8) and 5 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-MG.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-MG.md

65 accepted literature values from 4 paper(s) (experimental 35, model 30); 5 calculated phase diagram(s). 15 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/GD-MG.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-MG.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#GD-MG) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-MG/GdMg-03Cac-LB.json) · [phases (12)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GD-MG.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/GD-MG.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-MG.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 35 |
| model | 30 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 44 |
| formation | 8 |
| crystal structure | 13 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | G. Cacciamani, S. De Negri, A. Saccone, R. Ferro, Intermetallics, 11, 1135-51(2003). [doi:10.1016/S0966-9795(03)00151-1](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-9795%2803%2900151-1) | `2a611e16bdb52c46f2e736d405a6afb3e15b63ac10dc34496b7693d70acd3b6b` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-MG/GdMg-03Cac-LB.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/GdMg-03Cac-LB.json) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | C. Guo, Z. Du, C. Li, Calphad, 31, 75-88(2007). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | `8626c76defe4bb2697726b9e78dfb0d91386cf3bb764ee9f47011b11e74bd74c` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-MG/GdMg-07Guo.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GdMg-07Guo.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/GdMg-07Guo.json) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | M. Hampl, C. Blawert, M.R. Silva Campos, N. Hort, Q. Peng, K.U. Kainer, R. Schmid-Fetzer, J. Alloys Compd., 581, 166-77(2013). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.07.042](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.07.042) | `2b5720165997ee545968b0a6de6e2908a57a57119ab5fdda7a10af07fdf0e56e` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-MG/GdMg-13Ham.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GdMg-13Ham.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/GdMg-13Ham.json) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | X. Wu, C. Li, J. Zheng, Y. Ruan, C. Guo, Z. Du, B. Chen, Y. Wu, Calphad, 68, 101712(2020). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101712](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101712) | `e4dd7ad023b834f298533d1dc757df0b1d799b3f8df6e996d75d948ca1c2e7b6` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-MG/GdMg-20Wu.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GdMg-20Wu.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/GdMg-20Wu.json) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | Q. Long, N. Meng, F. Chen, L. Zhang, X. Tao, L. Liu, G. Xu, Y. Cui, Calphad, 82, 102583(2023). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102583](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102583) | `ee25985fe0b62f39092661006efe88fb0efccc9a6bcb09286e32862faa69c84a` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-MG/GdMg-23Lon.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GdMg-23Lon.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/GdMg-23Lon.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 1130.42 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.40378) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.45853) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.50067) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 1130.42 | BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.40378) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.45853) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.50067) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 1130.42 | B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.40378) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.45853) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.50067) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 1029.49 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.63792) + C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.65825) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.7217) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 1029.49 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.63792) + C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.65825) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.7217) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 976.03 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.12422) + BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.25973) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.45828) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 976.03 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.12422) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.25973) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.45828) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 976.03 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.12422) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.25973) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.45828) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 962.25 | C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.67286) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.79848) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 962.25 | C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.67289) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.79867) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 867.34 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.88444) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 867.34 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.88427) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 867.34 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.88444) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 836.14 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.91378) + HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.95504) |
| GdMg-03Cac-LB.tdb | 836.14 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.91402) + HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.95527) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1141.24 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.3639) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.51008) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.53665) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1141.24 | BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.3639) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.51008) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.53665) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1141.24 | B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.3639) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.51008) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.53665) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1028.69 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55415) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.70826) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1028.69 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55418) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.70832) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1028.69 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55415) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.70826) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 1028.69 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55418) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.70832) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 992.95 | GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.7607) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 992.95 | GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.76072) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 992.95 | GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.76053) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 972.91 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.13781) + BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.2351) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.5004) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 972.91 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.13781) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.2351) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.5004) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 972.91 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.13781) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.2351) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.5004) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 929.39 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.84027) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 929.39 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.83999) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 929.39 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.84033) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 826.52 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.92434) + HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.96206) |
| GdMg-07Guo.tdb | 826.52 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.92453) + HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.96226) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 1141.67 | BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.38758) + GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.52146) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 1141.67 | BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.38728) + GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.52116) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 1033.16 | GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.68659) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 1033.16 | GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.68669) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 1033.16 | GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) + GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.68657) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 957.18 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.12459) + BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.27767) + GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 957.18 | HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.1245) + BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.27756) + GDMG_B2 (x(Mg) 0.5) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 928.25 | GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.81066) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 928.25 | GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.81076) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 928.25 | GDMG2_C15 (x(Mg) 0.66667) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.81046) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 881.84 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.8552) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 881.84 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.85494) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 881.84 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.75) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.85539) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 820.94 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.91708) + HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.95413) |
| GdMg-13Ham.tdb | 820.94 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83333) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.91715) + HCP_A3 (x(Mg) 0.95421) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 1508.16 | D019 (x(Mg) 0) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0) + BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 1141.17 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.38423) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.51188) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.55723) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 1141.17 | B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.38423) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.51188) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.55723) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 1141.17 | BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.38423) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.51188) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.55723) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 1029.13 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55772) + C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.65094) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.70862) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 1029.13 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55772) + C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.65094) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.70862) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 993.02 | C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.68325) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.74366) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.76476) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 971.09 | D019 (x(Mg) 0.14492) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.26021) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.50234) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 971.09 | D019 (x(Mg) 0.14492) + BCC_A2 (x(Mg) 0.26021) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.50234) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 971.09 | GDMG7 (x(Mg) 0.14492) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.26021) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.50234) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 912.37 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.76378) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83412) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.86731) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 825.54 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.8392) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.92692) + GDMG7 (x(Mg) 0.96142) |
| GdMg-20Wu.tdb | 825.54 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.8392) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.92692) + D019 (x(Mg) 0.96142) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | 1131.83 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.39432) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.51263) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.56465) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | 1027.78 | B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.55762) + C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.65262) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.71142) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | 993.02 | C15_LAVES (x(Mg) 0.68325) + GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.74366) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.76476) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | 985.21 | D019 (x(Mg) 0.14086) + B2_BCC#2 (x(Mg) 0.25511) + B2_BCC (x(Mg) 0.50222) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | 912.37 | GDMG3_D03 (x(Mg) 0.76378) + GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.83412) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.86731) |
| GdMg-23Lon.tdb | 825.54 | GDMG5 (x(Mg) 0.8392) + LIQUID (x(Mg) 0.92692) + D019 (x(Mg) 0.96142) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/GD/GD-MG.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/GD/GD-MG.json) · [CALPHAD hull GdMg-03Cac-LB](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/GD/GD-MG--GdMg-03Cac-LB.json) · [CALPHAD hull GdMg-07Guo](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/GD/GD-MG--GdMg-07Guo.json) · [CALPHAD hull GdMg-13Ham](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/GD/GD-MG--GdMg-13Ham.json) · [CALPHAD hull GdMg-20Wu](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/GD/GD-MG--GdMg-20Wu.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Gd–Mg system (44)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1142.15 | L + (βGd) = GdMg | L: Gd 0.479; (βGd): Gd 0.613; GdMg: Gd 0.5 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 27; `ORC-45OID3UIRJ` |  |
| 1142.15 | L + (βGd) = GdMg | L: Gd 0.491; (βGd): Gd 0.632; GdMg: Gd 0.5 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 26; `ORC-IQXHKGG2JO` |  |
| 1141.15 | L + (βGd) = GdMg | L: Gd 0.463; (βGd): Gd 0.635; GdMg: Gd 0.49 | model | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Guo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | Table 5, p. 7, row 28; `ORC-EIKZSBHGCM` |  |
| 1141.15 | L + (βGd) = GdMg | L: Gd 0.49; (βGd): Gd 0.634; GdMg: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 5, p. 7, row 25; `ORC-RPH76EUE3U` |  |
| 1141 | liq. + bcc(Gd) -> MgGd | L: Mg 0.505; bcc(Gd): Mg 0.366; MgGd: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5 | experimental | [2] Guo 2007; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 3, p. 8, row 2; `ORC-AKY3JFIQBI` |  |
| 1141 | liq. + bcc(Gd) -> MgGd | L: Mg 0.5367; bcc(Gd): Mg 0.3649; MgGd: Mg 0.5101 | model | [2] Guo 2007 | Table 3, p. 8, row 1; `ORC-QFGOUS4AB5` |  |
| 1083.15 | L + GdMg = GdMg2 | GdMg: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5; GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Savitskii 1961_ | Table 5, p. 7, row 19; `ORC-XUTLVQDREG` |  |
| 1033.15 | L + GdMg = GdMg2 | L: Gd 0.313; GdMg: Gd 0.5; GdMg2: Gd 0.333 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 23; `ORC-5G3OA663UH` |  |
| 1029.15 | L + GdMg = GdMg2 | GdMg: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5; GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 5, p. 7, row 20; `ORC-LIAAO6H3CQ` |  |
| 1029.15 | L + GdMg = GdMg2 | L: Gd 0.292; GdMg: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5; GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667 | model | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Guo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | Table 5, p. 7, row 24; `ORC-ZHYURGFCAM` |  |
| 1029 | liq. + MgGd -> Mg2Gd | L: Mg 0.735; MgGd: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5; Mg2Gd: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667 | experimental | [2] Guo 2007; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 3, p. 8, row 6; `ORC-3JUMUGSFED` |  |
| 1029 | liq. + MgGd -> Mg2Gd | L: Mg 0.7083; MgGd: Mg 0.5542; Mg2Gd: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667 | model | [2] Guo 2007 | Table 3, p. 8, row 5; `ORC-KD7GZ7NGIP` |  |
| 1028.15 | L + GdMg = GdMg2 | GdMg: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5; GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Janssen 2006_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2202923) | Table 5, p. 7, row 21; `ORC-VGRTAKTMBB` |  |
| 1025.15 | L + GdMg = GdMg2 | L: Gd 0.323; GdMg: Gd 0.5; GdMg2: Gd 0.333 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 22; `ORC-VCVPANP7L5` |  |
| 1013.15 | L + GdMg2 = GdMg3 | L: Gd 0.2; GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667; GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Savitskii 1961_ | Table 5, p. 7, row 14; `ORC-Y43S7BXUTP` |  |
| 997.15 | eutectic: L = GdMg2 + GdMg3 | L: Gd 0.262; GdMg2: Gd 0.333; GdMg3: Gd 0.25 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 16; `ORC-NJL2A7XNHK` |  |
| 993.15 | L + GdMg2 = GdMg3 | L: Gd 0.239; GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667; GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75 | model | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Guo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | Table 5, p. 7, row 18; `ORC-FYECRZQW6Q` |  |
| 993.15 | L + GdMg2 = GdMg3 | GdMg2: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667; GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 5, p. 7, row 15; `ORC-LXAEKGCTNA` |  |
| 993 | liq. + Mg2Gd -> Mg3Gd | L: Mg 0.7607; Mg2Gd: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667; Mg3Gd: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75 | model | [2] Guo 2007 | Table 3, p. 8, row 7; `ORC-GOK2U7Z2FB` |  |
| 993 | liq. + Mg2Gd -> Mg3Gd | L: Mg 0.802; Mg2Gd: Gd 0.333333, Mg 0.666667; Mg3Gd: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75 | experimental | [2] Guo 2007; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 3, p. 8, row 8; `ORC-SB6VL4ACTJ` |  |
| 973.15 | (βGd) = (αGd) + GdMg | (βGd): Gd 0.74; GdMg: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 5, p. 7, row 29; `ORC-3IP6PVK3IF` |  |
| 973.15 | (βGd) = (αGd) + GdMg | (βGd): Gd 0.765; (αGd): Gd 0.863; GdMg: Gd 0.499 | model | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Guo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | Table 5, p. 7, row 32; `ORC-4TITGKITMN` |  |
| 973.15 | (βGd) = (αGd) + GdMg | (βGd): Gd 0.739; (αGd): Gd 0.881; GdMg: Gd 0.5 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 30; `ORC-FHELYZVR55` |  |
| 973 | bcc(Gd) -> MgGd + hcp(Gd) | bcc(Gd): Mg 0.2351; MgGd: Mg 0.5004; hcp(Gd): Mg 0.1373 | model | [2] Guo 2007 | Table 3, p. 8, row 3; `ORC-5LWGPT4ZEC` |  |
| 973 | bcc(Gd) -> MgGd + hcp(Gd) | bcc(Gd): Mg 0.26; MgGd: Gd 0.5, Mg 0.5; hcp(Gd): Mg 0.141 | experimental | [2] Guo 2007; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 3, p. 8, row 4; `ORC-HSN2TXSGNY` |  |
| 957.15 | (βGd) = (αGd) + GdMg | (βGd): Gd 0.722; (αGd): Gd 0.875; GdMg: Gd 0.5 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 31; `ORC-IIMKMFIESA` |  |
| 931.15 | L + GdMg3 = GdMg5 | GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 5, p. 7, row 9; `ORC-M7OJAZNONI` |  |
| 931 | liq. + Mg3Gd -> Mg5Gd | L: Mg 0.84; Mg3Gd: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75; Mg5Gd: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [2] Guo 2007; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 3, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-6O45MUQYKF` |  |
| 930.15 | L + GdMg3 = GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.158; GdMg3: Gd 0.25; GdMg5: Gd 0.166 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 11; `ORC-DIEXFEQU3H` |  |
| 929.15 | L + GdMg3 = GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.16; GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | model | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Guo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | Table 5, p. 7, row 13; `ORC-HP72QGUPPU` |  |
| 929 | liq. + Mg3Gd -> Mg5Gd | L: Mg 0.8403; Mg3Gd: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75; Mg5Gd: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | model | [2] Guo 2007 | Table 3, p. 8, row 9; `ORC-2KMKU54CTN` |  |
| 928.15 | L + GdMg2 = GdMg3 | L: Gd 0.189; GdMg2: Gd 0.333; GdMg3: Gd 0.25 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 17; `ORC-OPENYPENMW` |  |
| 915.15 | L + GdMg3 = GdMg5 | GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Rokhlin 1998_ | Table 5, p. 7, row 10; `ORC-UZMHARUBLP` |  |
| 913.15 | L + GdMg3 = GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.08; GdMg3: Gd 0.25, Mg 0.75; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Savitskii 1961_ | Table 5, p. 7, row 8; `ORC-UUXUGPAQIN` |  |
| 882.15 | L + GdMg3 = GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.145; GdMg3: Gd 0.25; GdMg5: Gd 0.166 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 12; `ORC-DPOLDEH2N2` |  |
| 827.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.076; (Mg): Gd 0.038; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | model | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Guo 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004) | Table 5, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-HMZD5DT7NZ` |  |
| 827 | liq. + Mg5Gd -> hcp(Mg) | L: Mg 0.9245; Mg5Gd: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333; hcp(Mg): Mg 0.9623 | model | [2] Guo 2007 | Table 3, p. 8, row 11; `ORC-E6CJZWKTLG` |  |
| 821.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.083; (Mg): Gd 0.046; GdMg5: Gd 0.166 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-DGJGWYPUQL` |  |
| 821.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.088; (Mg): Gd 0.04; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 5, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-XXZIJ3A3IM` |  |
| 821 | liq. + Mg5Gd -> hcp(Mg) | L: Mg 0.912; Mg5Gd: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333; hcp(Mg): Mg 0.955 | experimental | [2] Guo 2007; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2886%2990135-9) | Table 3, p. 8, row 12; `ORC-QKHAPPUUS6` |  |
| 820.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-CPLYQ5VFGE` |  |
| 820.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.075; (Mg): Gd 0.049; GdMg5: Gd 0.166 | model | [1] Hampl 2013 | Table 5, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-KQROHFDYRJ` |  |
| 818.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.057; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Savitskii 1961_ | Table 5, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-BHSZX5VT2S` |  |
| 815.15 | eutectic: L = (Mg) + GdMg5 | L: Gd 0.095; GdMg5: Gd 0.166667, Mg 0.833333 | experimental | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites Rokhlin 1998_ | Table 5, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-MFNUM3YUBA` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Gd–Mg system (8)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| GdMg | [GdMg](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/GdMg.html) | -15.5 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -10.248 (mp-aaaaadxk) | -8.947 (oqmd-20466) | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 2003Cac_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 17; `ORC-V5MBZXEJM6.f42d1e` |  |
| GdMg | [GdMg](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/GdMg.html) | -7.3 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -10.248 (mp-aaaaadxk) | -8.947 (oqmd-20466) | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 1967Ogr_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 15; `ORC-JTEHNOY3U4.01f934` |  |
| RMg |  | -17 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 1972Pah_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 16; `ORC-JPTAUTJIFP.a93218` |  |
| RMg |  | -15.5 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 2003Cac_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 17; `ORC-V5MBZXEJM6.c9345c` |  |
| RMg |  | -7.3 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 1967Ogr_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 15; `ORC-JTEHNOY3U4.a650ec` |  |
| RMg2 |  | -19.8 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 1972Pah_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 16; `ORC-JPTAUTJIFP.759645` |  |
| RMg3 |  | -19 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 1972Pah_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 16; `ORC-JPTAUTJIFP.76d058` |  |
| RMg5 |  | -17 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [1] Hampl 2013; _cites ref. 1972Pah_ | Table 6, p. 10, row 16; `ORC-JPTAUTJIFP.b50294` |  |

## Other properties

### Crystal structure (13)

Table: Crystal structure, Gd–Mg system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 0.3824 not_printed ± 5.000e-4 | 298.15 | GdMg; _alloy: Mg 0.5_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001; _cites Miller 1964_ | Table 2, p. 3, row 1; `ORC-BHLXI2RTOR` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.812 Å | 298.15 | GdMg; _alloy: Mg 0.5_ | model | [4] Gröbner 2015; _cites Cao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.08.004) | Table 5, p. 10, row 4; `ORC-EHRQCN72C3` |  |
| Lattice a | 0.3833 not_printed ± 2.000e-4 | 298.15 | GdMg; _alloy: Mg 0.5_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001 | Table 2, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-PQZYWCEK3Q` |  |
| Lattice a | 0.8575 not_printed ± 1.000e-4 | 298.15 | GdMg2; _alloy: Mg 0.666667_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001; _cites Manfrinetti 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108270186097019) | Table 2, p. 3, row 4; `ORC-I3GUHPHRXC` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.55 Å | 298.15 | GdMg2; _alloy: Mg 0.666667_ | model | [4] Gröbner 2015; _cites Cao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.08.004) | Table 5, p. 10, row 3; `ORC-KT7M6VQZWS` |  |
| Lattice a | 0.864 not_printed ± 1.000e-4 | 298.15 | GdMg2; _alloy: Mg 0.666667_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001 | Table 2, p. 3, row 5; `ORC-MKME34UJC5` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.857 Å | 298.15 | GdMg3; _alloy: Mg 0.75_ | model | [4] Gröbner 2015; _cites Gao 2007_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.06.005) | Table 4, p. 9, row 2; `ORC-5FQMBEENDM` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.31 Å | 298.15 | GdMg3; _alloy: Mg 0.75_ | model | [4] Gröbner 2015; _cites Cao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.08.004) | Table 5, p. 10, row 2; `ORC-FJR7MNIZJV` |  |
| Lattice a | 0.7326 not_printed | 298.15 | GdMg3; _alloy: Mg 0.75_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001; _cites Will 1978_ | Table 2, p. 3, row 7; `ORC-ORJBQN3DYP` |  |
| Lattice a | 0.7315 not_printed ± 5.000e-4 | 298.15 | GdMg3; _alloy: Mg 0.75_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001 | Table 2, p. 3, row 8; `ORC-WK6DOXCSHN` |  |
| Lattice a | 2.2344 not_printed ± 8.000e-4 | 298.15 | GdMg5; _alloy: Mg 0.833333_ | experimental | [3] Kevorkov 2001; _cites Fornasini 1986_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1107/s0108270186097019) | Table 2, p. 3, row 10; `ORC-6FTQI3YLSU` |  |
| Lattice a | 22.344 Å | 298.15 | GdMg5; _alloy: Mg 0.833333_ | model | [4] Gröbner 2015; _cites Cao 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.08.004) | Table 5, p. 10, row 1; `ORC-RE27W5BDH6` |  |
| Lattice a | 22.344 Å | 298.15 | GdMg5; _alloy: Mg 0.833333_ | model | [4] Gröbner 2015; _cites Massalski 1990_ | Table 4, p. 9, row 1; `ORC-VIF5GP26TS` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. M. Hampl, C. Blawert, M.R. Silva Campos, N. Hort, Q. Peng, K.U. Kainer et al., Thermodynamic assessment and experimental study of Mg–Gd alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 581, 166-177 (2013). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.07.042](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.07.042)
2. Cuiping Guo, Zhenmin Du, Changrong Li, A thermodynamic description of the Gd–Mg–Y system, Calphad 31, 75-88 (2007). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.10.004)
3. D. G. Kevorkov, J. Gröbner, R. Schmid-Fetzer, V. V. Pavlyuk, G. S. Dmytriv, O. I. Bodak, The ternary Gd-Li-Mg system: Phase diagram study and computational evaluation, JPE 22, 34-42 (2001). [doi:10.1361/105497101770339274](https://doi.org/10.1361/105497101770339274)
4. Joachim Gröbner, Artem Kozlov, Xi-Ya Fang, Suming Zhu, Jian-Feng Nie, Mark A. Gibson et al., Phase equilibria and transformations in ternary Mg–Gd–Zn alloys, Acta Materialia 90, 400-416 (2015). [doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2015.02.044](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2015.02.044)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).