Gd–Ru system

15 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 3, model 11, DFT 1); 1 calculated phase diagram(s). 2 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (8) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	3
model	11
DFT	1

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	2
phase transition	1
formation	12

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	S. Kardellass, V.P. Vassiliev, K. Mahdouk, N. Laaroussi, N. Selhaoui, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus., 44, 43-75(2023). doi:10.1007/s11669-022-01023-x	`b82e45001d6e5254805cbd98e976a5139818aafbecd7ff31e9a69a856357c00d`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1999.04	GDRU2_C14 (x(Ru) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.78765) + HCP_A3 (x(Ru) 0.99656)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1999.04	GDRU2_C14 (x(Ru) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.7877) + HCP_A3 (x(Ru) 0.99657)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1508.03	HCP_A3 (x(Ru) 3.000e-5) + BCC_A2 (x(Ru) 6.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.02956)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1273.31	LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.31317) + GD2RU (x(Ru) 0.33333) + GDRU2_C14 (x(Ru) 0.66667)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1273.31	LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.31342) + GD2RU (x(Ru) 0.33333) + GDRU2_C14 (x(Ru) 0.66667)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1270.79	GD73RU27 (x(Ru) 0.27) + LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.30704) + GD2RU (x(Ru) 0.33333)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1270.79	GD73RU27 (x(Ru) 0.27) + LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.30678) + GD2RU (x(Ru) 0.33333)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1264.17	LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.22676) + GD3RU_D011 (x(Ru) 0.25) + GD73RU27 (x(Ru) 0.27)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1264.16	LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.2265) + GD3RU_D011 (x(Ru) 0.25) + GD73RU27 (x(Ru) 0.27)
GdRu-23Kar.tdb	1124.72	HCP_A3 (x(Ru) 1.300e-4) + LIQUID (x(Ru) 0.14092) + GD3RU_D011 (x(Ru) 0.25)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Gd–Ru system (2)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location	Quote
1338	peritectic		experimental	[1] Kardellass 2023	p. 3 report	The other two phases are formed peritectically at 1328 K (Gd3Ru) and 1388 K (Dy3Ru) and at 1338 K (Gd2Ru) and 1411 K (Dy2Ru).
1328	peritectic		experimental	[1] Kardellass 2023	p. 3 report	The other two phases are formed peritectically at 1328 K (Gd3Ru) and 1388 K (Dy3Ru) and at 1338 K (Gd2Ru) and 1411 K (Dy2Ru).

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, Gd–Ru system (6)
Phase	Compound	Value	Class	OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom)	Source	Location
Gd3Ru		-27.175 kJ/mol-atom	DFT		[1] Kardellass 2023 cites Jain 2013 doi	Table 2, p. 7, row 15 report
Gd3Ru	Gd3Ru	-26.599 kJ/mol-atom	model	-27.234 (oqmd-1437320)	[1] Kardellass 2023 cites Debski 2014 doi	Table 2, p. 7, row 13 report
Gd3Ru	Gd3Ru	-23.258 kJ/mol-atom	model	-27.234 (oqmd-1437320)	[1] Kardellass 2023 cites Zhang 2007 doi	Table 2, p. 7, row 14 report
Gd3Ru	Gd3Ru	-21.447 kJ/mol-atom	model	-27.234 (oqmd-1437320)	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 10 report
Gd3Ru	Gd3Ru	-15.612 kJ/mol-atom	model	-27.234 (oqmd-1437320)	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 11 report
Gd3Ru	Gd3Ru	-15.131 kJ/mol-atom	model	-27.234 (oqmd-1437320)	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 12 report

Other properties

Phase transition (1)

Phase transition, Gd–Ru system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Phase transition	1173 K	1173	congruent transformation	experimental	[1] Kardellass 2023	p. 3 report	Within the four compounds, only two with the composition Ln73Ru27, melt congruently at 1173 K for Gd73Ru27 and 1423 K for Dy73Ru27.

Formation (6)

Formation, Gd–Ru system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Entropy of formation printed: ΔSf	-0.139 J/mol-atom/K		Gd3Ru alloy: Gd 0.75, Ru 0.25	model	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 10 report
Entropy of formation printed: ΔSf	-0.056 J/mol-atom/K		Gd3Ru alloy: Gd 0.75, Ru 0.25	model	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 11 report
Entropy of formation printed: ΔSf	-0.329 J/mol-atom/K		Gd3Ru alloy: Gd 0.75, Ru 0.25	model	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 12 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: ΔGf at 1000 K	-21.307 kJ/mol-atom	1000	Gd3Ru alloy: Gd 0.75, Ru 0.25	model	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 10 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: ΔGf at 1000 K	-15.555 kJ/mol-atom	1000	Gd3Ru alloy: Gd 0.75, Ru 0.25	model	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 11 report
Gibbs energy of formation printed: ΔGf at 1000 K	-14.802 kJ/mol-atom	1000	Gd3Ru alloy: Gd 0.75, Ru 0.25	model	[1] Kardellass 2023	Table 2, p. 7, row 12 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

S. Kardellass, V. P. Vassiliev, K. Mahdouk, N. Laaroussi, N. Selhaoui, Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Solutions in Ln-Ru (Ln = Nd, Gd, Dy) Binary Systems Based on Quadratic, Exponential and Combined Models Supported by Ab-Initio Calculations, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 44, 43-75 (2023). doi:10.1007/s11669-022-01023-x

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}