# Gd–Si system > Gd–Si system: 22 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 21, phase transition 1) and 1 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-SI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-SI.md 22 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 15, model 7); 1 calculated phase diagram(s). 7 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV. Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/GD-SI.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-SI.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#GD-SI) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-SI/GdSi-07Hua.json) · [phases (10)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/GD-SI.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/GD-SI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/GD-SI.md) Table: Accepted values by evidence class | Evidence class | Values | |---|---:| | experimental | 15 | | model | 7 | Table: Accepted values by property group | Property group | Values | |---|---:| | invariant reaction | 21 | | phase transition | 1 | ## Calculated phase diagrams Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model. Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram | TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links | |---|---|---|---| | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | M. Huang, D.L. Schlagel, F.A. Schmidt, T.A. Lograsso, J. Alloys Compd., 441, 94-100(2007). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.09.068](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.09.068) | `e9d1c9c91a440a0c4a1d36bebc6f7cc2b36ade4b4a7d445a31c22c966bc935b4` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#GD-SI/GdSi-07Hua.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/GdSi-07Hua.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/GdSi-07Hua.json) | Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component) | TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant | |---|---:|---| | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 2045.62 | LIQUID (x(Si) 0.40677) + GD5SI4 (x(Si) 0.44444) + GDSI_B27 (x(Si) 0.5) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 2045.61 | LIQUID (x(Si) 0.40641) + GD5SI4 (x(Si) 0.44444) + GDSI_B27 (x(Si) 0.5) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 2045.61 | LIQUID (x(Si) 0.4063) + GD5SI4 (x(Si) 0.44444) + GDSI_B27 (x(Si) 0.5) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 2019.97 | LIQUID (x(Si) 0.37447) + GD5SI3_D88 (x(Si) 0.375) + GD5SI4 (x(Si) 0.44444) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 2019.97 | LIQUID (x(Si) 0.3742) + GD5SI3_D88 (x(Si) 0.375) + GD5SI4 (x(Si) 0.44444) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 2019.97 | LIQUID (x(Si) 0.37454) + GD5SI3_D88 (x(Si) 0.375) + GD5SI4 (x(Si) 0.44444) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1936.19 | GDSI_B27 (x(Si) 0.5) + GD3SI5_C32 (x(Si) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.64937) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1936.19 | GDSI_B27 (x(Si) 0.5) + GD3SI5_C32 (x(Si) 0.625) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.64907) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1874.01 | GD3SI5_C32 (x(Si) 0.625) + GDSI2 (x(Si) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.7166) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1874.01 | GD3SI5_C32 (x(Si) 0.625) + GDSI2 (x(Si) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.71616) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1874.01 | GD3SI5_C32 (x(Si) 0.625) + GDSI2 (x(Si) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.71666) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1508.16 | HCP_A3 (x(Si) 0) + BCC_A2 (x(Si) 0) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.02961) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1498.29 | GDSI2 (x(Si) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.86998) + DIAMOND_A4 (x(Si) 1) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1498.29 | GDSI2 (x(Si) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.87006) + DIAMOND_A4 (x(Si) 1) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1498.29 | GDSI2 (x(Si) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.87013) + DIAMOND_A4 (x(Si) 1) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1352.27 | HCP_A3 (x(Si) 0) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.0841) + GD5SI3_D88 (x(Si) 0.375) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1352.27 | HCP_A3 (x(Si) 0) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.08408) + GD5SI3_D88 (x(Si) 0.375) | | GdSi-07Hua.tdb | 1352.27 | HCP_A3 (x(Si) 0) + LIQUID (x(Si) 0.08408) + GD5SI3_D88 (x(Si) 0.375) | Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/GD/GD-SI.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/GD/GD-SI.json) ## Invariant reactions (literature) Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Gd–Si system (21) | T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote | |---:|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 2108.15 | congruent melting: Liquid -> GdSi | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 11; `ORC-JY7DOFVWAB` | | | 2108.15 | congruent melting: Liquid -> GdSi | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 12; `ORC-SABIOZW45Z` | | | 2103.15 | congruent melting: Liquid -> GdSi | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 13; `ORC-WIIZLJCMQT` | | | 2047.15 | Liquid + GdSi -> Gd5Si4 | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 8; `ORC-2SD5664SYG` | | | 2043.15 | Liquid + GdSi -> Gd5Si4 | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 9; `ORC-FTVPYIJWYC` | | | 2023.15 | Liquid + Gd5Si4 -> Gd5Si3 | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-MSWKAJDAV7` | | | 2021.15 | Liquid + Gd5Si4 -> Gd5Si3 | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 5; `ORC-4RYK3U6Q6E` | | | 1998.15 | Liquid + GdSi -> Gd5Si4 | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-YDHA62BNAN` | | | 1973.15 | Liquid + Gd5Si4 -> Gd5Si3 | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 7; `ORC-JCWAAYAQQK` | | | 1938.15 | Liquid + GdSi -> Gd3Si5 | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 15; `ORC-BK24G5ZYT6` | | | 1937.15 | Liquid + GdSi -> Gd3Si5 | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 14; `ORC-3IXHOWUWPR` | | | 1898.15 | Liquid + GdSi -> Gd3Si5 | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 16; `ORC-ZZ47UH2HSL` | | | 1874.15 | Liquid + Gd3Si5 -> GdSi2-x | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 17; `ORC-X6NW5LMERU` | | | 1873.15 | Liquid + Gd3Si5 -> GdSi2-x | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 18; `ORC-GSOLCVIGOZ` | | | 1863.15 | Liquid + Gd3Si5 -> GdSi2-x | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 19; `ORC-PTC544OEDX` | | | 1503.15 | Liquid + GdSi2-x -> diamond (Si) | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 22; `ORC-4MC3ZKCLXK` | | | 1500.15 | Liquid + GdSi2-x -> diamond (Si) | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 21; `ORC-37HF6NFB7H` | | | 1499.15 | Liquid + GdSi2-x -> diamond (Si) | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 20; `ORC-C7NL5SOT5Y` | | | 1361.15 | eutectic: Liquid -> Gd5Si3 + hcp (Gd) | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 3; `ORC-74233AXOT4` | | | 1360.15 | eutectic: Liquid -> Gd5Si3 + hcp (Gd) | | model | [1] Huang 2007 | Table 2, p. 6, row 2; `ORC-4B5W6WCH47` | | | 1353.15 | eutectic: Liquid -> Gd5Si3 + hcp (Gd) | | experimental | [1] Huang 2007; _cites Eremenko 1991_ | Table 2, p. 6, row 4; `ORC-SH5MWQJCES` | | ## Other properties ### Phase transition (1) Table: Phase transition, Gd–Si system | Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote | |---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---| | Phase transition | 2003.15 K | 2003.15 | congruent transformation | experimental | [2] Xu 2020; _cites ref. 18_ | p. 2; `ORC-HZSTM25QU2.823960` | “Bulanova et al18 reported that the α-GdSi2 structure formed at 1730°C by congruent reaction while the α-ThSi2 structure formed by peritectic reaction at about 1600°C.” | ## Sources Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row). 1. Mianliang Huang, Deborah L. Schlagel, Frederick A. Schmidt, Thomas A. Lograsso, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of the Gd–Si system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 441, 94-100 (2007). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.09.068](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.09.068) 2. Kai Xu, Keke Chang, Xiaobing Zhou, Leilei Chen, Junwen Liu, Zixuan Deng et al., Thermodynamic descriptions of the light rare‐earth elements in silicon carbide ceramics, J Am Ceram Soc 103, 3812-3825 (2020). [doi:10.1111/jace.17031](https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.17031) ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_literature_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859} } @misc{orchid_hulls_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).