Gd–Zr system

96 accepted literature values from 3 paper(s) (experimental 84, model 12); 4 calculated phase diagram(s). 4 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (4) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence classValues
experimental84
model12
Accepted values by property group
Property groupValues
invariant reaction21
phase equilibrium31
crystal structure44

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB fileAssessmentSHA-256Links
GdZr-01Zin-LB.tdbM. Zinkevich, N. Mattern, H.J. Seifert, J. Phase Equilib, 22, 43-50(2001). doi:10.1361/105497101770339283731c7eb124b1facc5d1cc7e2ddd742ce1982fbbbeb6430cb08c2dc88386877d4viewer · TDB · JSON
GdZr-12Mat.tdbN. Mattern, J.H. Han, M. Zinkevich, O. Shuleshova, I. Kaban, D. Holland-Moritz, J. Gegner, F. Yang, J. Bednarcik, W. Loeser, J. Eckert, Calphad, 39, 27-32(2012). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2012.08.001ba6c913991472ec314c69cbb8142a0903a3b1c78a012a375532d515c3170a7e0viewer · TDB · JSON
GdZr-14Bo.tdbH. Bo, L.B. Liu, J.L. Hu, X.D. Zhang, Z.P. Jin, Thermochim. Acta, 591, 51-56(2014). doi:10.1016/j.tca.2014.07.014d95180cc64867ffa6ec698cf5110fa9bd3d878b84feb0be4aa292c92d1ca4fc0viewer · TDB · JSON
GdZr-18Mat.tdbN. Mattern, J.H. Han, R. Nowak, O. Fabrichnaya, I. Kaban, O. Shuleshova, N. Sobczak, Calphad, 61, 237-45(2018). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2018.04.008b9962f2048151f056000159c7c9d77e3fab61cda4a7df8fb8389065abcdb6c50viewer · TDB · JSON
Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB fileT (K)Phases at the invariant
GdZr-01Zin-LB.tdb1488.45HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.02535) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.03042) + LIQUID (x(Zr) 0.10761)
GdZr-01Zin-LB.tdb1485.56HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.02617) + LIQUID (x(Zr) 0.11448) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.93046)
GdZr-01Zin-LB.tdb1162.41HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.01856) + HCP_A3#2 (x(Zr) 0.97448) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.98436)
GdZr-12Mat.tdb1495.2BCC_A2#2 (x(Zr) 0.07259) + LIQUID (x(Zr) 0.16437) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.9505)
GdZr-12Mat.tdb1440.64HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.03859) + BCC_A2#2 (x(Zr) 0.05506) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.95603)
GdZr-12Mat.tdb1159.05HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.03018) + HCP_A3#2 (x(Zr) 0.97228) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.98125)
GdZr-14Bo.tdb1494.63BCC_A2#2 (x(Zr) 0.07591) + LIQUID (x(Zr) 0.16579) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.94927)
GdZr-14Bo.tdb1453.8HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.03533) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.05962) + BCC_A2#2 (x(Zr) 0.95411)
GdZr-14Bo.tdb1148.96HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.01934) + HCP_A3#2 (x(Zr) 0.98153) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.98336)
GdZr-18Mat.tdb1475.4BCC_A2#2 (x(Zr) 0.0658) + LIQUID (x(Zr) 0.13301) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.95255)
GdZr-18Mat.tdb1440.64HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.03859) + BCC_A2#2 (x(Zr) 0.05506) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.95603)
GdZr-18Mat.tdb1159.05HCP_A3 (x(Zr) 0.03018) + HCP_A3#2 (x(Zr) 0.97228) + BCC_A2 (x(Zr) 0.98125)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull GdZr-01Zin-LB · CALPHAD hull GdZr-12Mat · CALPHAD hull GdZr-14Bo

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Gd–Zr system (21)
T (K)Reaction / phasesCompositions (mole fraction)ClassSourceLocationQuote
1495eutectic: Liquid -> bcc_Gd + bcc_Zrexperimental[1] Bo 2014
cites Mattern 2012 doi
Table 3, p. 5, row 1
report
1495eutectic: Liquid -> bcc_Gd + bcc_ZrLiquid: Zr 0.164; bcc_Gd: Zr 0.073; bcc_Zr: Zr 0.951model[1] Bo 2014
cites Mattern 2012 doi
Table 3, p. 5, row 2
report
1495eutectic: L -> bcc-Gd + bcc-Zrexperimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 4, p. 6, row 2
report
1495eutectic: L -> bcc-Gd + bcc-ZrL: Zr 0.164; bcc-Gd: Zr 0.073; bcc-Zr: Zr 0.951model[2] Mattern 2012Table 4, p. 6, row 1
report
1495eutectic: Liquid -> bcc_Gd + bcc_ZrLiquid: Zr 0.166; bcc_Gd: Zr 0.076; bcc_Zr: Zr 0.949model[1] Bo 2014Table 3, p. 5, row 3
report
1493eutectic: Liquid <=> hcp-Gd + bcc-ZrLiquid: Zr 0.3; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.025experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1964
Table 4, p. 7, row 2
report
1491eutectic: Liquid <=> hcp-Gd + bcc-ZrLiquid: Zr 0.275; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.01; bcc-Zr: Zr 0.92experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 4, p. 7, row 1
report
1488metatectic/catatectic: Liquid + bcc-Gd <=> hcp-GdLiquid: Zr 0.1076; bcc-Gd: Zr 0.0304; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.0254model[3] Zinkevich 2001Table 4, p. 7, row 6
report
1486eutectic: Liquid <=> hcp-Gd + bcc-ZrLiquid: Zr 0.1145; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.0262; bcc-Zr: Zr 0.9305model[3] Zinkevich 2001Table 4, p. 7, row 3
report
1455bcc_Gd -> hcp_Gd + bcc_Zrexperimental[1] Bo 2014
cites Mattern 2012 doi
Table 3, p. 5, row 4
report
1455bcc-Gd -> hcp-Gd + bcc-Zrexperimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 4, p. 6, row 4
report
1454bcc_Gd -> hcp_Gd + bcc_Zrbcc_Gd: Zr 0.06; hcp_Gd: Zr 0.035; bcc_Zr: Zr 0.954model[1] Bo 2014Table 3, p. 5, row 6
report
1441bcc-Gd -> hcp-Gd + bcc-Zrbcc-Gd: Zr 0.055; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.038; bcc-Zr: Zr 0.956model[2] Mattern 2012Table 4, p. 6, row 3
report
1441bcc_Gd -> hcp_Gd + bcc_Zrbcc_Gd: Zr 0.055; hcp_Gd: Zr 0.038; bcc_Zr: Zr 0.956model[1] Bo 2014
cites Mattern 2012 doi
Table 3, p. 5, row 5
report
1163peritectoid: bcc-Zr + hcp-Gd <=> hcp-Zrbcc-Zr: Zr 0.988; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.01; hcp-Zr: Zr 0.97experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 4, p. 7, row 4
report
1162peritectoid: bcc-Zr + hcp-Gd <=> hcp-Zrbcc-Zr: Zr 0.9844; hcp-Gd: Zr 0.0186; hcp-Zr: Zr 0.9745model[3] Zinkevich 2001Table 4, p. 7, row 5
report
1159bcc_Zr + hcp_Gd -> hcp_Zrbcc_Zr: Zr 0.981; hcp_Gd: Zr 0.03; hcp_Zr: Zr 0.972model[1] Bo 2014
cites Mattern 2012 doi
Table 3, p. 5, row 8
report
1159hcp-Gd + bcc-Zr -> hcp-Zrhcp-Gd: Zr 0.03; bcc-Zr: Zr 0.981; hcp-Zr: Zr 0.972model[2] Mattern 2012Table 4, p. 6, row 5
report
1149bcc_Zr + hcp_Gd -> hcp_Zrbcc_Zr: Zr 0.983; hcp_Gd: Zr 0.019; hcp_Zr: Zr 0.982model[1] Bo 2014Table 3, p. 5, row 9
report
1145hcp-Gd + bcc-Zr -> hcp-Zrexperimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 4, p. 6, row 6
report
1145bcc_Zr + hcp_Gd -> hcp_Zrexperimental[1] Bo 2014
cites Mattern 2012 doi
Table 3, p. 5, row 7
report

Other properties

Phase equilibrium (31)

Phase equilibrium, Gd–Zr system
PropertyValueT (K)Phases / compositionClassSourceLocationQuote
Phase compositionEutectic + Chemical analysis (bulk)
Eutectic: Gd 0.816, Zr 0.184; Chemical analysis (bulk): Gd 0.802, Zr 0.198
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 2, p. 5, row 2
report
Phase compositionGd-dendrite + Chemical analysis (bulk)
Gd-dendrite: Gd 0.938, Zr 0.062; Chemical analysis (bulk): Gd 0.831, Zr 0.169
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 2, p. 5, row 1
report
Phase compositionZr-dendrite + Eutectic + Chemical analysis (bulk)
Zr-dendrite: Gd 0.058, Zr 0.942; Eutectic: Gd 0.82, Zr 0.18; Chemical analysis (bulk): Gd 0.768, Zr 0.232
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 2, p. 5, row 3
report
Phase composition873hcp-Zr
hcp-Zr: Gd 0.015, Zr 0.985
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 19
report
Phase composition973hcp-Zr
hcp-Zr: Gd 0.016, Zr 0.984
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 20
report
Phase composition1073hcp-Zr
hcp-Zr: Gd 0.025, Zr 0.975
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 21
report
Phase composition1141bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.008, Zr 0.992
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 22
report
Phase composition1141hcp-Zr + bcc-Zr
hcp-Zr: Gd 0.03, Zr 0.97; bcc-Zr: Gd 0.003, Zr 0.997
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 28
report
Phase composition1143hcp-Zr + bcc-Zr
hcp-Zr: Gd 0.03, Zr 0.97; bcc-Zr: Gd 0.003, Zr 0.997
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 27
report
Phase composition1163bcc-Zr + hcp-Gd + hcp-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.012, Zr 0.988; hcp-Gd: Gd 0.99, Zr 0.01; hcp-Zr: Gd 0.03, Zr 0.97
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 4
report
Phase composition1318bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.042, Zr 0.958
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 23
report
Phase composition1423bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.054, Zr 0.946
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 24
report
Phase composition1463hcp-Gd
hcp-Gd: Gd 0.975, Zr 0.025
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1964
Table 1, p. 2, row 26
report
Phase composition1473bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.067, Zr 0.933
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 25
report
Phase composition1491Liquid + hcp-Gd + bcc-Zr
Liquid: Gd 0.725, Zr 0.275; hcp-Gd: Gd 0.99, Zr 0.01; bcc-Zr: Gd 0.08, Zr 0.92
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 2
report
Phase composition1493Liquid + hcp-Gd
Liquid: Gd 0.7, Zr 0.3; hcp-Gd: Gd 0.975, Zr 0.025
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1964
Table 1, p. 2, row 3
report
Phase composition1526Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.917, Zr 0.083
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 15
report
Phase composition1533bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.067, Zr 0.933
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 18
report
Phase composition1549Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.967, Zr 0.033
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 14
report
Phase composition1603Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.64, Zr 0.36
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Love 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 1
report
Phase composition1727Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.367, Zr 0.633
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 13
report
Phase composition1771Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.279, Zr 0.721
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 12
report
Phase composition1836Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.238, Zr 0.762
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 11
report
Phase composition1887Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.199, Zr 0.801
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 10
report
Phase composition1915Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.162, Zr 0.838
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 9
report
Phase composition1940Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.127, Zr 0.873
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 8
report
Phase composition1990bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.061, Zr 0.939
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 17
report
Phase composition1992Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.093, Zr 0.907
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 7
report
Phase composition2029bcc-Zr
bcc-Zr: Gd 0.03, Zr 0.97
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 16
report
Phase composition2041Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.061, Zr 0.939
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 6
report
Phase composition2063Liquid
Liquid: Gd 0.03, Zr 0.97
experimental[3] Zinkevich 2001
cites Copeland 1960
Table 1, p. 2, row 5
report

Crystal structure (44)

Crystal structure, Gd–Zr system
PropertyValueT (K)Phases / compositionClassSourceLocationQuote
lattice a03.256 Å ± 0.0011051hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 12
report
lattice a03.653 Å ± 101051hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 1
report
lattice a03.256 Å ± 101051hcp-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 1
report
lattice a03.653 Å ± 101123hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 2
report
lattice a03.259 Å ± 0.0011123hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 13
report
lattice a03.259 Å ± 101123hcp-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 2
report
lattice a03.62 Å ± 101211bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 3
report
lattice a03.657 Å ± 101211hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 3
report
lattice a03.626 Å ± 101253bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 4
report
lattice a03.656 Å ± 101253hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 4
report
lattice a03.626 Å ± 0.0011253hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 14
report
lattice a03.63 Å ± 101318bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 5
report
lattice a03.63 Å ± 0.0011318hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 15
report
lattice a03.655 Å ± 101318hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 5
report
lattice a03.636 Å ± 101353bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 6
report
lattice a03.654 Å ± 101353hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 6
report
lattice a03.636 Å ± 0.0011353hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 16
report
lattice a03.64 Å ± 101413bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 7
report
lattice a03.653 Å ± 101413hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 7
report
lattice a03.64 Å ± 0.0011413hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 17
report
lattice a03.641 Å ± 101423bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 8
report
lattice a03.641 Å ± 0.0011423hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 18
report
lattice a03.656 Å ± 101423hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 8
report
lattice a03.641 Å ± 101433bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 9
report
lattice a03.656 Å ± 101433hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 9
report
lattice a03.648 Å ± 0.0011483bcc-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 19
report
lattice a04.056 Å ± 101483bcc-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 10
report
lattice a03.648 Å ± 101483bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 10
report
lattice a04.059 Å ± 101493bcc-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 11
report
lattice a03.65 Å ± 0.0011493bcc-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 20
report
lattice a03.65 Å ± 101493bcc-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 11
report
lattice c05.175 Å ± 0.0021051hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 12
report
lattice c05.82 Å ± 201051hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 1
report
lattice c05.175 Å ± 201051hcp-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 1
report
lattice c05.827 Å ± 201123hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 2
report
lattice c05.177 Å ± 0.0021123hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 13
report
lattice c05.177 Å ± 201123hcp-Zr
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 2
report
lattice c05.833 Å ± 201211hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 3
report
lattice c05.841 Å ± 201253hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 4
report
lattice c05.844 Å ± 201318hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 5
report
lattice c05.845 Å ± 201353hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 6
report
lattice c05.85 Å ± 201413hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 7
report
lattice c05.854 Å ± 201423hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 8
report
lattice c05.854 Å ± 201433hcp-Gd
alloy: Gd 0.35, Zr 0.65
experimental[2] Mattern 2012Table 1, p. 3, row 9
report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

  1. H. Bo, L.B. Liu, J.L. Hu, X.D. Zhang, Z.P. Jin, Thermodynamic re-assessment of the Al–Gd and Gd–Zr systems, Thermochimica Acta 591, 51-56 (2014). doi:10.1016/j.tca.2014.07.014
  2. N. Mattern, J.H. Han, M. Zinkevich, O. Shuleshova, I. Kaban, D. Holland-Moritz et al., Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Gd–Zr system, Calphad 39, 27-32 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2012.08.001
  3. M. Zinkevich, N. Mattern, H. J. Seifer, Thermodynamic assessment of Gd-Zr and Gd-Mo systems, JPE 22, 43-50 (2001). doi:10.1361/105497101770339283