Ge–Si system

115 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 51, unspecified 64); 2 calculated phase diagram(s). 2 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (5) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence classValues
experimental51
unspecified64
Accepted values by property group
Property groupValues
mixing / partial20
activity / EMF / Gibbs energy31
crystal structure64

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB fileAssessmentSHA-256Links
GeSi-84Ole.tdbR.W. Olesinski, G.J. Abbaschian, Bull. Alloy Phase Diag., 5, 180-83(1984). doi:10.1007/BF0286895722f65f7d038399c1f96a0b49479374d3186f4245390bc76ef781417680e7fad6viewer · TDB · JSON
GeSi-92Ber-LB.tdbC. Bergman, R. Chastel, R. Castanet, J. Phase Equilib., 13, 113-18(1992). doi:10.1007/BF02667471f1f9fad361e69cdfebe6ad959e1395ceb31809284c4c971915ab874aa6045d2cviewer · TDB · JSON

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull GeSi-84Ole

Other properties

Mixing / partial (20)

Mixing / partial, Ge–Si system
PropertyValueT (K)Phases / compositionClassSourceLocationQuote
Partial enthalpy
printed: H f, **si
6.61 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327experimental[1] Bergman 1992p. 3
report
Then the partial enthalpy of Si at infinite dilution, H f, **si, is 6.61 kJ/mol with reference to Si (L, 1327 K).
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
52.789 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9787, Si 0.0213
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 9
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
54.706 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9991, Si 9.000e-4
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 1
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
53.118 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9885, Si 0.0115
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 16
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
54.7 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9808, Si 0.0192
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 19
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
57.774 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9936, Si 0.0064
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 14
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
54.137 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.985, Si 0.015
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 7
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
53.938 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9993, Si 7.000e-4
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 11
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
56.326 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9976, Si 0.0024
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 12
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
54.406 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9925, Si 0.0075
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 4
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
56.867 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9912, Si 0.0088
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 15
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
58.855 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9956, Si 0.0044
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 13
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
55.873 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9876, Si 0.0124
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 6
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
54.513 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9751, Si 0.0249
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 10
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
55.816 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.982, Si 0.018
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 8
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
54.513 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9862, Si 0.0138
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 17
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
55.811 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.99, Si 0.01
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 5
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
60.142 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9951, Si 0.0049
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 3
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
56.576 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9973, Si 0.0027
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 2
report
Partial enthalpy
printed: H^l_Si
53.947 kJ/mol (basis unstated)1327l
alloy: Ge 0.9836, Si 0.0164
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 1, p. 2, row 18
report

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (31)

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Ge–Si system
PropertyValueT (K)Phases / compositionClassSourceLocationQuote
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.26 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.2, Si 0.8
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 9
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.366 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.3, Si 0.7
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 8
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.14 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.1, Si 0.9
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 10
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.9 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.9, Si 0.1
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 2
report
Activity Ge
printed: a_Ge
0.554 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.5, Si 0.5
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 6
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
1 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 1, Si 0
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 1
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.46 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.4, Si 0.6
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 7
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0, Si 1
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 11
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.726 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.7, Si 0.3
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 4
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.81 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.8, Si 0.2
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 3
report
Activity Ge
printed: aGe
0.64 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.6, Si 0.4
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 5
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.81 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.2, Si 0.8
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 9
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.726 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.3, Si 0.7
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 8
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.9 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.1, Si 0.9
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 10
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.14 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.9, Si 0.1
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 2
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.554 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.5, Si 0.5
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 6
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 1, Si 0
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 1
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.64 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.4, Si 0.6
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 7
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
1 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0, Si 1
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 11
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.366 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.7, Si 0.3
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 4
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.26 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.8, Si 0.2
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 3
report
Activity Si
printed: aSi
0.46 11723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.6, Si 0.4
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 5
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
0.89 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.2, Si 0.8
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 9
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
1.22 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.3, Si 0.7
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 8
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
0.48 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.1, Si 0.9
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 10
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
0.48 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.9, Si 0.1
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 2
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
1.47 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.5, Si 0.5
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 6
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
1.35 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.4, Si 0.6
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 7
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
1.22 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.7, Si 0.3
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 4
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
0.89 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.8, Si 0.2
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 3
report
Gibbs energy
printed: Gex
1.35 kJ/mol1723liquid
alloy: Ge 0.6, Si 0.4
experimental[1] Bergman 1992Table 3, p. 3, row 5
report

Crystal structure (64)

Crystal structure, Ge–Si system
PropertyValueT (K)Phases / compositionClassSourceLocationQuote
Lattice a5.4307 Å298.15(Ge, Si)
alloy: Si 0.5
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 1, p. 3, row 2
report
Lattice a5.6575 Å298.15(Ge, Si)
alloy: Si 0.5
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 1, p. 3, row 1
report
Lattice a5.596 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.75, Si 0.25
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 6
report
Lattice a5.5842 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.7, Si 0.3
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 7
report
Lattice a5.5261 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.45, Si 0.55
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 12
report
Lattice a5.6206 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.85, Si 0.15
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 4
report
Lattice a5.4419 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.05, Si 0.95
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 20
report
Lattice a5.4624 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.15, Si 0.85
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 18
report
Lattice a5.5149 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.4, Si 0.6
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 13
report
Lattice a5.5727 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.65, Si 0.35
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 8
report
Lattice a5.4522 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.1, Si 0.9
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 19
report
Lattice a5.4722 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.2, Si 0.8
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 17
report
Lattice a5.4928 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.3, Si 0.7
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 15
report
Lattice a5.6325 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.9, Si 0.1
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 3
report
Lattice a5.6085 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.8, Si 0.2
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 5
report
Lattice a5.5609 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.6, Si 0.4
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 9
report
Lattice a5.5492 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.55, Si 0.45
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 10
report
Lattice a5.6448 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.95, Si 0.05
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 2
report
Lattice a5.5038 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.35, Si 0.65
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 14
report
Lattice a5.4825 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.25, Si 0.75
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 16
report
Lattice a5.5373 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.5, Si 0.5
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 11
report
lattice difference at at 25 c1.7 10^-4 nm373.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 11
report
lattice difference at at 25 c1.4 10^-4 nm373.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 10
report
lattice difference at at 25 c2.6 10^-4 nm373.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 9
report
lattice difference at at 25 c4.2 10^-4 nm473.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 13
report
lattice difference at at 25 c5.4 10^-4 nm473.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 12
report
lattice difference at at 25 c3.7 10^-4 nm473.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 14
report
lattice difference at at 25 c8.2 10^-4 nm573.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 15
report
lattice difference at at 25 c6.1 10^-4 nm573.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 17
report
lattice difference at at 25 c6.2 10^-4 nm573.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 16
report
lattice difference at at 25 c8.5 10^-4 nm673.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 20
report
lattice difference at at 25 c11.4 10^-4 nm673.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 18
report
lattice difference at at 25 c8.6 10^-4 nm673.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 19
report
lattice difference at at 25 c11.6 10^-4 nm773.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 22
report
lattice difference at at 25 c11.3 10^-4 nm773.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 23
report
lattice difference at at 25 c14.3 10^-4 nm773.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 21
report
lattice difference at at 25 c14 10^-4 nm873.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 25
report
lattice difference at at 25 c17.7 10^-4 nm873.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 24
report
lattice difference at at 25 c13.1 10^-4 nm873.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 26
report
lattice difference at at 25 c20.4 10^-4 nm973.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 27
report
lattice difference at at 25 c16 10^-4 nm973.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 29
report
lattice difference at at 25 c16.6 10^-4 nm973.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 28
report
lattice difference at at 25 c19.7 10^-4 nm1073.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.347, Si 0.653
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 31
report
lattice difference at at 25 c17.6 10^-4 nm1073.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.201, Si 0.799
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 32
report
lattice difference at at 25 c23.4 10^-4 nm1073.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.513, Si 0.487
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984
cites ref. 64Dis
Table 3, p. 3, row 30
report
lattice unspecified axis5.596 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.75, Si 0.25
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 6
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5842 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.7, Si 0.3
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 7
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5261 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.45, Si 0.55
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 12
report
lattice unspecified axis5.6206 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.85, Si 0.15
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 4
report
lattice unspecified axis5.4419 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.05, Si 0.95
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 20
report
lattice unspecified axis5.4624 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.15, Si 0.85
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 18
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5149 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.4, Si 0.6
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 13
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5727 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.65, Si 0.35
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 8
report
lattice unspecified axis5.4522 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.1, Si 0.9
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 19
report
lattice unspecified axis5.4722 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.2, Si 0.8
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 17
report
lattice unspecified axis5.4928 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.3, Si 0.7
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 15
report
lattice unspecified axis5.6325 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.9, Si 0.1
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 3
report
lattice unspecified axis5.6085 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.8, Si 0.2
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 5
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5609 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.6, Si 0.4
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 9
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5492 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.55, Si 0.45
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 10
report
lattice unspecified axis5.6448 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.95, Si 0.05
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 2
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5038 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.35, Si 0.65
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 14
report
lattice unspecified axis5.4825 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.25, Si 0.75
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 16
report
lattice unspecified axis5.5373 Å298.15UNKNOWN
alloy: Ge 0.5, Si 0.5
unspecified[2] Olesinski 1984Table 2, p. 3, row 11
report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

  1. C. Bergman, R. Chastel, R. Castanet, Thermodynamic investigation on the si-ge binary system by calorimetry and knudsen cell mass spectrometry, JPE 13, 113-118 (1992). doi:10.1007/bf02667471
  2. R. W. Olesinski, G. J. Abbaschian, The Ge−Si (Germanium-Silicon) system, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams 5, 180-183 (1984). doi:10.1007/bf02868957