Hg–Sn system

62 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 36, model 26); 1 calculated phase diagram(s). 8 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (8) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	36
model	26

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	18
phase transition	29
mixing / partial	1
activity / EMF / Gibbs energy	2
crystal structure	11
other property	1

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	Y.-W. Yen, J. Groebner, S.C. Hansen, R. Schmid-Fetzer, J. Phase Equilib., 24, 151-67(2003). doi:10.1361/105497103770330776	`c2b9fce680ecdfc10123e23524d43121af4054867846ab6bed588b6155a230f4`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	497.11	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.97249) + HGSN38 (x(Sn) 0.97436) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	497.11	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.97263) + HGSN38 (x(Sn) 0.97436) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	484.23	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.90438) + HGSN12_AF (x(Sn) 0.93723) + HGSN38 (x(Sn) 0.97436)
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	484.23	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.90444) + HGSN12_AF (x(Sn) 0.93725) + HGSN38 (x(Sn) 0.97436)
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	472.06	HGSN12_AF (x(Sn) 0.94493) + HGSN38 (x(Sn) 0.97436) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1)
HgSn-03Yen-LB.tdb	362.08	LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.13603) + HGSN7 (x(Sn) 0.875) + HGSN12_AF (x(Sn) 0.88285)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Hg–Sn system (18)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location
497.1	peritectic: L + βSn -> β	L: Sn 0.9726	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 2 report
496.5	peritectic: L + βSn -> β	L: Sn 0.97	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 8, p. 9, row 3 report
487.5	peritectic: L + β -> γ	L: Sn 0.9177; γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 4 report
487	peritectic: L + β -> γ	L: Sn 0.912; γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 8, p. 9, row 6 report
484.2	peritectic: L + β -> γ	L: Sn 0.9043; γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 5 report
473.4	eutectoid: β -> γ + βSn	γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 7 report
472.1	eutectoid: β -> γ + βSn	γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 8 report
471.5	eutectoid: β -> γ + βSn	γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	experimental	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 9 report
363.5	peritectic: L + γ -> δ	L: Sn 0.1453; γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 10 report
363	peritectic: L + γ -> δ	γ: Hg 0.076923, Sn 0.923077	experimental	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 11 report
265.6	metatectic/catatectic: γ -> L + αSn	γ: Sn 0.9231; L: Sn 0.0127	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 12 report
265	metatectic/catatectic: γ -> L + αSn	γ: Sn 0.926	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Smith 1969 doi	Table 8, p. 9, row 13 report
262.2	eutectoid: γ -> δ + αSn	γ: Sn 0.887	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 14 report
261.1	metatectic/catatectic: δ -> L + αSn	L: Sn 0.0111	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 15 report
238.7	peritectic: L + αSn -> HgSn4	HgSn4: Hg 0.2, Sn 0.8	experimental	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 18 report
237.8	peritectic: L + αSn -> HgSn4	L: Sn 0.0054; HgSn4: Hg 0.2, Sn 0.8	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 16 report
234.7	eutectic: L -> (Hg) + HgSn4	HgSn4: Hg 0.2, Sn 0.8	experimental	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 21 report
233.4	eutectic: L -> (Hg) + HgSn4	L: Sn 0.0046; HgSn4: Hg 0.2, Sn 0.8	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 8, p. 9, row 19 report

Other properties

Phase transition (29)

Phase transition, Hg–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Phase transition	233 K	233	other: HgSn4: Formation temperature: 233.0 K (0.24-0.57 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.9976, Sn 0.0024	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites P 1961	Table 2, p. 4, row 67 report
Phase transition	238 K	238	other: HgSn4: Formation temperature: 238.0 K (0.16-0.41 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.9984, Sn 0.0016	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Petot-Ervas 1967	Table 2, p. 4, row 65 report
Phase transition	238.6 K	238.6	other: HgSn4: Formation temperature: 238.6 K (0.3-85 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.15, Sn 0.85	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites W 1904	Table 2, p. 4, row 63 report
Phase transition	238.7 K	238.7	other: HgSn4: Formation temperature: 238.7 K (10-85 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.15, Sn 0.85	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Yan-Sho-Syan 1969	Table 2, p. 4, row 66 report
Phase transition	238.8 K	238.8	other: HgSn4: Formation temperature: 238.8 K (8.7-14.4 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.913, Sn 0.087	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Gayler 1937	Table 2, p. 4, row 64 report
Phase transition	261.1 K	261.1	other	model	[1] Yen 2003	p. 13 report	This shows up in Fig. 10 by a very similar decomposition temperature of ␦ (261.1 K) and ␥ (262.2 K).
Phase transition	262.2 K	262.2	other	model	[1] Yen 2003	p. 13 report	In fact, recalculating Fig. 10 with the ␦ phase suspended results in a metatectic decomposition of ␥ at 262.2 K, and also the liquidus line is virtually unchanged.
Phase transition	262.2 K	262.2	other	model	[1] Yen 2003	p. 13 report	This shows up in Fig. 10 by a very similar decomposition temperature of ␦ (261.1 K) and ␥ (262.2 K).
Phase transition	265 K	265	other: γ: Decomposition temperature: 265.00 K (91.4-94.8 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.086, Sn 0.914	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Smith 1969 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 53 report
Phase transition	298.15 K	298.15	γ: Solubility range: 88-92 at.% Sn (298 K) (b)	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Che 1991 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 45 report
Phase transition	310 K	310	γ: Solubility range: 86.4-92.3 at.% Sn (310 K) (b)	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Aldinger 1976	Table 2, p. 4, row 48 report
Phase transition	331 K	331	other: ε: Formation temperature: 331 K (42.0-88.5 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.58, Sn 0.42	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 62 report
Phase transition	333 K	333	ε: Solubility range: 85.5-86.5 at.% Sn (333 K) (b)	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 61 report
Phase transition	346.5 K	346.5	γ: Solubility range: 88-88.8 at.% Sn (310-383 K) (b)	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 47 report
Phase transition	353 K	353	other: δ: Formation temperature: 353 K (10 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.9, Sn 0.1	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Sarkar 1985	Table 2, p. 4, row 60 report
Phase transition	353 K	353	γ: Solubility range: 87-94 at.% Sn (353 K) (b)	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Claeson 1968 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 46 report
Phase transition	358 K	358	other: δ: Formation temperature: 358 K	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites ref. 1984Eih	Table 2, p. 4, row 59 report
Phase transition	363 K	363	other: δ: Formation temperature: 363 K (19.2-89.4 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.808, Sn 0.192	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Prytherch 1937	Table 2, p. 4, row 56 report
Phase transition	364.4 K	364.4	other: δ: Formation temperature: 364.4 K (29.7-88.5 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.703, Sn 0.297	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 57 report
Phase transition	368 K	368	other: δ: Formation temperature: 368 K (30-80 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.7, Sn 0.3	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Yan-Sho-Syan 1969	Table 2, p. 4, row 58 report
Phase transition	453 K	453	β: Existence of β phase: 93.5-98.5 at.% Sn (453 K) (b)	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Calvo 1987	Table 2, p. 4, row 40 report
Phase transition	470 K	470	other: β: Decomposition temperature: 470 K (93.8-98.8 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.062, Sn 0.938	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 39 report
Phase transition	471 K	471	other: β: Decomposition temperature: 471 K	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Gayler 1937	Table 2, p. 4, row 38 report
Phase transition	486 K	486	peritectic: γ: Formation temperature: 486 K	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Sarkar 1985	Table 2, p. 4, row 52 report
Phase transition	486.9 K	486.9	peritectic: γ: Formation temperature: 486.9 K	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 49 report
Phase transition	487 K	487	peritectic: γ: Formation temperature: 487 K	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Yan-Sho-Syan 1969	Table 2, p. 4, row 51 report
Phase transition	496 K	496	other: β: Formation temperature: 496 K (93.8-98.8 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.062, Sn 0.938	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Taylor 1963 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 37 report
Phase transition	497 K	497	other: β: Formation temperature: 497 K (96.6-99.3 at.% Sn) (a) alloy: Hg 0.034, Sn 0.966	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites ref. 1973Pry	Table 2, p. 4, row 36 report
Phase transition	497.6 K	497.6	peritectic: γ: Formation temperature: 497.6 K	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Predel 1969 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 50 report

Mixing / partial (1)

Mixing / partial, Hg–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Partial enthalpy printed: ⌬H ⬁ Sn	14 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	293.15		experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Marco 1975 doi	p. 5 report	[1975Mar] reported the enthalpy of the Hg-Sn solution at infinite dilution of Sn (⌬H ⬁ Sn) at 293.15 K as 14.0 kJ/mol referred to liquid Hg and solid ␣Sn.

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (2)

Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Hg–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Activity printed: aSn	0.927 unspecified	298.15		model	[1] Yen 2003	p. 10 report	At 298 K for instance, aSn rises to 0.927 and then remains constant from xSn⳱ 0.027-0.923.
Vapour pressure printed: vapor pressure	7.502e-4 bar	344	␥	experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Reynolds 1974 doi	p. 4 report	Reynolds also determined the vapor pressure of ␥ phase from weight loss data and gave this value as 7.502 × 10-4 bar at 344 K [1974Rey].

Crystal structure (11)

Crystal structure, Hg–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Lattice a	3.005 Å	234.3 (<)	(Hg) alloy: Sn 0	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 1 report
Lattice a	5.8286 Å	298.15	(βSn) (βSn): Hg 0.0072, Sn 0.9928	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 3 report
Lattice a	5.55104 Å	363.5 (<)	δ, HgSn7 δ, HgSn7: Hg 0.1288, Sn 0.8712	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 8 report
Lattice a	3.2109 Å	376.55	γ, HgSn12 alloy: Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 6 report
Lattice a	3.2415 Å	485.25	β, HgSn38 alloy: Sn 0.974359	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 5 report
Lattice b	3.1791 Å	363.5 (<)	δ, HgSn7 δ, HgSn7: Hg 0.1288, Sn 0.8712	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 8 report
Lattice c	3.1805 Å	298.15	(βSn) (βSn): Hg 0.0072, Sn 0.9928	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 3 report
Lattice c	2.98311 Å	363.5 (<)	δ, HgSn7 δ, HgSn7: Hg 0.1288, Sn 0.8712	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 8 report
Lattice c	2.9888 Å	376.55	γ, HgSn12 alloy: Sn 0.923077	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 6 report
Lattice c	3.0065 Å	485.25	β, HgSn38 alloy: Sn 0.974359	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 5 report
lattice alpha	70.53 °	234.3 (<)	(Hg) alloy: Sn 0	model	[1] Yen 2003	Table 3, p. 6, row 1 report

Other property (1)

Other property, Hg–Sn system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Other printed: heat of vaporization	59.09 kJ/mol-atoms	629.88		experimental	[1] Yen 2003 cites Elliott 1960	p. 1 report	Elliott and Gleiser [1960Ell] reported the heat of vaporization of Hg to be 59.09 kJ/mol-atoms at 629.88 K.

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Yee-Wen Yen, Joachim Gröbner, Rainer Schmid-Fetzer, Yee-Wen Yen, Steve C. Hansen, Thermodynamic assessment of the Hg-Sn system, JPE 24, 151-167 (2003). doi:10.1361/105497103770330776

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}