# In–Pd system

> In–Pd system: 28 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 22, phase transition 6) and 1 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/IN-PD.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/IN-PD.md

28 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 14, model 14); 1 calculated phase diagram(s). 1 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/IN-PD.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/IN-PD.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#IN-PD) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#IN-PD/InPd-02Jia-LB.json) · [phases (13)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/IN-PD.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/IN-PD.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/IN-PD.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 14 |
| model | 14 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 22 |
| phase transition | 6 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | C. Jiang, Z.-K. Liu, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 33A, 3597-3603(2002). [doi:10.1007/s11661-002-0235-x](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-002-0235-x) | `51a1c11ac9d8f539678046df3a81aa96ba78582f137a6e5e4caeedaa8a0de4b7` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#IN-PD/InPd-02Jia-LB.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/InPd-02Jia-LB.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1617.21 | INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.77234) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.79955) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1617.21 | INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.7725) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.79969) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1584.69 | INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.69094) + INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1584.68 | INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.69077) + INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1546.05 | INPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.59934) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.60747) + INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1546.05 | INPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.59926) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.60739) + INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1502.31 | INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) + INPD3_D022 (x(Pd) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.80262) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1502.31 | INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) + INPD3_D022 (x(Pd) 0.75) + FCC_A1 (x(Pd) 0.80263) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1330.35 | INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) + INPD2_C37 (x(Pd) 0.66667) + INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1300.08 | INPD2_C37 (x(Pd) 0.66667) + INPD3_L10 (x(Pd) 0.74) + INPD3_D022 (x(Pd) 0.75) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1218.53 | INPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.59383) + IN3PD5 (x(Pd) 0.625) + INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 1196.25 | IN3PD5 (x(Pd) 0.625) + INPD2_BETA (x(Pd) 0.66) + INPD2_C37 (x(Pd) 0.66667) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 989.69 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.23354) + IN3PD2_D513 (x(Pd) 0.4) + INPD_B2 (x(Pd) 0.44907) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 949.17 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.21028) + IN7PD3_D8F (x(Pd) 0.29) + IN3PD2_D513 (x(Pd) 0.4) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 949.17 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.2102) + IN7PD3_D8F (x(Pd) 0.29) + IN3PD2_D513 (x(Pd) 0.4) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 949.17 | LIQUID (x(Pd) 0.21051) + IN7PD3_D8F (x(Pd) 0.29) + IN3PD2_D513 (x(Pd) 0.4) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 429.64 | TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(Pd) 0) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 2.400e-4) + IN7PD3_D8F (x(Pd) 0.29) |
| InPd-02Jia-LB.tdb | 429.64 | TETRAGONAL_A6 (x(Pd) 0) + LIQUID (x(Pd) 2.400e-4) + IN7PD3_D8F (x(Pd) 0.29) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/IN/IN-PD.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/IN/IN-PD.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the In–Pd system (22)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1630 | Liquid = βInPd3 + fcc | βInPd3: Pd 0.75 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 26; `ORC-5HPEYJKVWY` |  |
| 1623 | Liquid = βInPd3 + fcc | L: Pd 0.769; βInPd3: Pd 0.75; fcc: Pd 0.796 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 25; `ORC-UYGK4XZLWW` |  |
| 1585 | Liquid = βInPd2 + βInPd3 | L: Pd 0.691; βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; βInPd3: Pd 0.75 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 17; `ORC-GI7H77NYEP` |  |
| 1576 | Liquid = βInPd2 + βInPd3 | βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; βInPd3: Pd 0.75 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 18; `ORC-5A4NCN3WYY` |  |
| 1547 | Liquid = InPd + βInPd2 | InPd: Pd 0.5; βInPd2: Pd 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 10; `ORC-TV3Y23XMYS` |  |
| 1546 | Liquid = InPd + βInPd2 | L: Pd 0.607; InPd: Pd 0.599; βInPd2: Pd 0.666667 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 9; `ORC-RXWYL52BEK` |  |
| 1497 | βInPd3 + fcc = αInPd3 | βInPd3: Pd 0.75; fcc: Pd 0.8; αInPd3: Pd 0.75 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 27; `ORC-F3J6JIEUA4` |  |
| 1496 | βInPd3 + fcc = αInPd3 | βInPd3: Pd 0.75; αInPd3: Pd 0.75 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 28; `ORC-OHULAZQTLU` |  |
| 1349 | βInPd2 + βInPd3 = αInPd2 | βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; βInPd3: Pd 0.75; αInPd2: Pd 0.666667 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 19; `ORC-PTUSFHILL3` |  |
| 1349 | βInPd2 + βInPd3 = αInPd2 | βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; βInPd3: Pd 0.75; αInPd2: Pd 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 20; `ORC-WWJGJFPDHQ` |  |
| 1332 | βInPd3 = αInPd2 + αInPd3 | βInPd3: Pd 0.75; αInPd2: Pd 0.666667; αInPd3: Pd 0.75 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 22; `ORC-D7DP3WPK2Q` |  |
| 1302 | βInPd3 = αInPd2 + αInPd3 | βInPd3: Pd 0.75; αInPd2: Pd 0.666667; αInPd3: Pd 0.75 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 21; `ORC-NM5JJVTTOQ` |  |
| 1219 | InPd + βInPd2 = In3Pd5 | InPd: Pd 0.5; βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; In3Pd5: Pd 0.625 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 14; `ORC-42GWW3UVHB` |  |
| 1219 | InPd + βInPd2 = In3Pd5 | InPd: Pd 0.594; βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; In3Pd5: Pd 0.625 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 13; `ORC-E7NQGYRIB5` |  |
| 1207 | βInPd2 = In3Pd5 + αInPd2 | βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; In3Pd5: Pd 0.625; αInPd2: Pd 0.666667 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 15; `ORC-33EK4YYVKO` |  |
| 1207 | βInPd2 = In3Pd5 + αInPd2 | βInPd2: Pd 0.666667; In3Pd5: Pd 0.625; αInPd2: Pd 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 16; `ORC-A7K7DZMXKN` |  |
| 990 | Liquid + InPd = In3Pd2 | L: Pd 0.234; InPd: Pd 0.449; In3Pd2: Pd 0.4 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-CX3YMO6ZPM` |  |
| 986 | Liquid + InPd = In3Pd2 | InPd: Pd 0.5; In3Pd2: Pd 0.4 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Flandorfer 2002_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2801%2901859-x) | Table II, p. 4, row 6; `ORC-RVKMXBQOC4` |  |
| 949 | Liquid + In3Pd2 = In7Pd3 | L: Pd 0.21; In3Pd2: Pd 0.4; In7Pd3: Pd 0.3 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 3; `ORC-HHCRX4DRZ6` |  |
| 945 | Liquid + In3Pd2 = In7Pd3 | In3Pd2: Pd 0.4; In7Pd3: Pd 0.3 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Flandorfer 2002_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2801%2901859-x) | Table II, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-JXZYT6RHUQ` |  |
| 430 | Liquid = In(bct) + In7Pd3 | L: Pd 2.380e-4; In(bct): Pd 0; In7Pd3: Pd 0.3 | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 1; `ORC-GGJURJ4P3U` |  |
| 427 | Liquid = In(bct) + In7Pd3 | In(bct): Pd 0; In7Pd3: Pd 0.3 | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Flandorfer 2002_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2801%2901859-x) | Table II, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-HROJBMPTDJ` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (6)

Table: Phase transition, In–Pd system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1558 K | 1558 | Liquid = InPd; _L: Pd 0.5; InPd: Pd 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table II, p. 4, row 8; `ORC-N2FHR334NB` |  |
| Phase transition | 1561 K | 1561 | Liquid = InPd; _L: Pd 0.53; InPd: Pd 0.53_ | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 7; `ORC-DSKCCTULHS` |  |
| Phase transition | 1607 K | 1607 | Liquid = βInPd2; _L: Pd 0.66; βInPd2: Pd 0.66_ | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 11; `ORC-64JVGHJIT2` |  |
| Phase transition | 1611 K | 1611 | Liquid = βInPd2; _L: Pd 0.666667; βInPd2: Pd 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 12; `ORC-MU52SXCUFO` |  |
| Phase transition | 1638 K | 1638 | Liquid = βInPd3; _L: Pd 0.75; βInPd3: Pd 0.75_ | experimental | [1] Jiang 2002; _cites Schmid 1987_ | Table II, p. 4, row 24; `ORC-2T3VQ65MHZ` |  |
| Phase transition | 1645 K | 1645 | Liquid = βInPd3; _L: Pd 0.74; βInPd3: Pd 0.74_ | model | [1] Jiang 2002 | Table II, p. 4, row 23; `ORC-QISVIH47XT` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Chao Jiang, Zi-Kuk Liu, Thermodynamic modeling of the indium-palladium system, Metall Mater Trans A 33, 3597-3603 (2002). [doi:10.1007/s11661-002-0235-x](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-002-0235-x)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).