# Mg–Ni system

> Mg–Ni system: 98 accepted literature values (formation 53, invariant reaction 29, crystal structure 10, phase transition 6) and 3 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/MG-NI.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/MG-NI.md

98 accepted literature values from 3 paper(s) (experimental 60, model 38); 3 calculated phase diagram(s). 1 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/MG-NI.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/MG-NI.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#MG-NI) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#MG-NI/MgNi-05Isl.json) · [phases (7)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/MG-NI.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/MG-NI.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/MG-NI.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 60 |
| model | 38 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 29 |
| phase transition | 6 |
| formation | 53 |
| crystal structure | 10 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| MgNi-05Isl.tdb | F. Islam, M. Medraj, Calphad, 29, 289-302(2005). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2005.08.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2005.08.006) | `452d7faaa3e14191ac8bc455e879ab416bd185af2b6cb220b42f5e3599af0a7e` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#MG-NI/MgNi-05Isl.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/MgNi-05Isl.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/MgNi-05Isl.json) |
| MgNi-98Jac-2.tdb | M.H.G. Jacobs, P.J. Spencer, Calphad, 22, 513-25(1998). [doi:10.1016/S0364-5916(99)00008-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0364-5916%2899%2900008-5) | `a7597b0f81c491ccc586c553a9e447e50db9c77cd3eb466d5630055a335c46b7` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#MG-NI/MgNi-98Jac-2.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/MgNi-98Jac-2.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/MgNi-98Jac-2.json) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | M.H.G. Jacobs, P.J. Spencer, COST 507, Final report round 2, 1998. | `c65d409d16032b0a17b49e8d2259f5f844d5a521884c54b095097403c96ed068` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#MG-NI/MgNi-98Jac-LB.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/MgNi-98Jac-LB.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| MgNi-05Isl.tdb | 1373.59 | C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.67341) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.79494) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99882) |
| MgNi-05Isl.tdb | 1030.66 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.28993) + MG2NI_CA (x(Ni) 0.33333) + C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.662) |
| MgNi-05Isl.tdb | 781.54 | HCP_A3 (x(Ni) 1.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.10485) + MG2NI_CA (x(Ni) 0.33333) |
| MgNi-05Isl.tdb | 781.54 | HCP_A3 (x(Ni) 1.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.10479) + MG2NI_CA (x(Ni) 0.33333) |
| MgNi-98Jac-2.tdb | 1368.5 | C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.67337) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.7955) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 0.99847) |
| MgNi-98Jac-2.tdb | 1032.32 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.29643) + MG2NI (x(Ni) 0.33333) + C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.66201) |
| MgNi-98Jac-2.tdb | 781.41 | HCP_A3 (x(Ni) 1.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.11066) + MG2NI (x(Ni) 0.33333) |
| MgNi-98Jac-2.tdb | 781.41 | HCP_A3 (x(Ni) 1.000e-5) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.1106) + MG2NI (x(Ni) 0.33333) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | 1366.62 | C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.66653) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.8) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 1) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | 1366.62 | C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.66653) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.8) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 1) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | 1366.62 | C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.66653) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.80009) + FCC_A1 (x(Ni) 1) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | 1032.08 | LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.30452) + MG2NI (x(Ni) 0.33333) + C36_LAVES (x(Ni) 0.66305) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | 780 | HCP_A3 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.10144) + MG2NI (x(Ni) 0.33333) |
| MgNi-98Jac-LB.tdb | 780 | HCP_A3 (x(Ni) 0) + LIQUID (x(Ni) 0.1014) + MG2NI (x(Ni) 0.33333) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/MG/MG-NI.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/MG/MG-NI.json) · [CALPHAD hull MgNi-98Jac-2](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/MG/MG-NI--MgNi-98Jac-2.json) · [CALPHAD hull MgNi-98Jac-LB](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/MG/MG-NI--MgNi-98Jac-LB.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Mg–Ni system (29)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1422.84 | congruent melting: MgNi2 -> L | MgNi2: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667; L: Ni 0.666 | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 3, p. 6, row 12; `ORC-WVFLBMIMMI` |  |
| 1420 | congruent melting: MgNi2 -> L | MgNi2: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667; L: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Bagnoud 1978_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 13; `ORC-ZIYX564BP2` |  |
| 1377.7 | eutectic: L -> Ni-fcc + MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.797; MgNi2: Ni 0.676 | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 3, p. 6, row 9; `ORC-3B4VSXP23S` |  |
| 1370 | eutectic: L -> Ni-fcc + MgNi2 | MgNi2: Ni 0.673 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Bagnoud 1978_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-3AQ6RDY2J7` |  |
| 1370 | Liq+Fcc_A1+MgNi2 | MgNi2: Ni 0.673 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 13; `ORC-PYZQTX64AP` |  |
| 1368.28 | Liq+Fcc_A1+MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.7961; MgNi2: Ni 0.6734 | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 3, p. 6, row 9; `ORC-3K2XSASBG7` |  |
| 1368.04 | Liq+Fcc_A1+MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.796; MgNi2: Ni 0.6735 | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 3, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-ZL3Q4XWYMQ` |  |
| 1368 | Liq+Fcc_A1+MgNi2 | MgNi2: Ni 0.666667 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 12; `ORC-D7XEHVXK7O` |  |
| 1366.6 | eutectic: Liquid -> Laves-C36 + fcc-A1 | Liquid: Ni 0.802; Laves-C36: Ni 0.666; fcc-A1: Ni 1 | model | [3] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 235, row 1; `ORC-NGGPN4PB5P` |  |
| 1355 | Liq+Fcc_A1+MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.772; MgNi2: Ni 0.666667 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 6_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 11; `ORC-CI2X5QJRDE` |  |
| 1355 | eutectic: L -> Ni-fcc + MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.772; MgNi2: Ni 0.667 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Voss 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19080570103) | Table 3, p. 6, row 11; `ORC-NXAPCSN6FQ` |  |
| 1041 | peritectic: L + MgNi2 -> Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.26; MgNi2: Ni 0.667; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Voss 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19080570103) | Table 3, p. 6, row 8; `ORC-46WCOSZK6X` |  |
| 1041 | Liq+Mg2Ni+MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.26; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333; MgNi2: Ni 0.666667 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 6_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-DC7N2XV4RH` |  |
| 1033 | peritectic: L + MgNi2 -> Mg2Ni | MgNi2: Ni 0.662; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Bagnoud 1978_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 7; `ORC-3VFFLGOWQB` |  |
| 1033 | peritectic: L + MgNi2 -> Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.29; MgNi2: Ni 0.667; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Haughton 1934_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-KMDA6IMANR` |  |
| 1033 | Liq+Mg2Ni+MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.29; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333; MgNi2: Ni 0.666667 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 4_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 7; `ORC-P4PDREC34M` |  |
| 1033 | Liq+Mg2Ni+MgNi2 | Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333; MgNi2: Ni 0.662 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 8; `ORC-QHZB4JFB2Z` |  |
| 1032.31 | Liq+Mg2Ni+MgNi2 | L: Ni 0.2964; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333; MgNi2: Ni 0.662 | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 3, p. 6, row 5; `ORC-SB6BWF4UXJ` |  |
| 1032.2 | peritectic: Liquid + Mg2Ni -> Laves-C36 | Liquid: Ni 0.278; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333; Laves-C36: Ni 0.666 | model | [3] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 235, row 3; `ORC-76N333Z4BA` |  |
| 1031 | peritectic: L + MgNi2 -> Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.291; MgNi2: Ni 0.665; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 3, p. 6, row 5; `ORC-TNIPACBEQU` |  |
| 785 | Hcp_A3+Liq+Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.176; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 6_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 2; `ORC-L2XYQ73D3W` |  |
| 785 | eutectic: L -> Mg-hcp + Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.176; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Voss 1908_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19080570103) | Table 3, p. 6, row 4; `ORC-LU25F6PJDA` |  |
| 781.53 | eutectic: L -> Mg-hcp + Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.1048; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 3, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-DI7673YR2X` |  |
| 781.41 | Hcp_A3+Liq+Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.1106; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333 | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 3, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-73EYVNMC42` |  |
| 781 | eutectic: L -> Mg-hcp + Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.113; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Haughton 1934_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 2; `ORC-3NV4BHYVYG` |  |
| 781 | Hcp_A3+Liq+Mg2Ni | L: Ni 0.113; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 4_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 3; `ORC-SBS3A3KESB` |  |
| 780 | eutectic: Liquid -> + hcp-A3 Mg2Ni | Liquid: Ni 0.101; hcp-A3: Ni 0; Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333 | model | [3] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 235, row 4; `ORC-K7T7XR6NBS` |  |
| 779 | eutectic: L -> Mg-hcp + Mg2Ni | Mg2Ni: Mg 0.666667, Ni 0.333333 | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Bagnoud 1978_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 3; `ORC-GRA6D6YR7E` |  |
| 779 | Hcp_A3+Liq+Mg2Ni | Mg2Ni: Ni 0.333333 | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 4; `ORC-WQL7C7DS7R` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Mg–Ni system (26)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Mg2Ni |  | -66.99 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 9.2 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 10_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-WRHWA6GMI3.4b29e1` |  |
| Mg2Ni |  | -60.29 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-RYAQ4LKL7J.6fb6f3` |  |
| Mg2Ni |  | -56.29 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 5.23 |  | model |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-QRH66KL2K7.55322d` |  |
| Mg2Ni |  | -48.46 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 12_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-4RGH55XUQP.fb82e8` |  |
| Mg2Ni |  | -39.57 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 1.26 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 11_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-PMMJZUFYMJ.42c992` |  |
| Mg2Ni |  | -36.36 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 6.24 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 16_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-3IFUULPCB5.d526c7` |  |
| Mg2Ni |  | -35.555 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-GPOK2SAIGV.e24fe3` |  |
| Mg2Ni | [Mg2Ni](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Mg2Ni.html) | -20.06 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -16.707 (mp-aaaaadef) | -18.281 (oqmd-1791943) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Schmahl 1958_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-KARWEPEIDM.4ac245` |  |
| Mg2Ni | [Mg2Ni](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Mg2Ni.html) | -19.23 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -16.707 (mp-aaaaadef) | -18.281 (oqmd-1791943) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Smith 1960_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2860%2990188-7) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ZUOAQ2M7RC.026af2` |  |
| Mg2Ni | [Mg2Ni](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Mg2Ni.html) | -16.2 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -16.707 (mp-aaaaadef) | -18.281 (oqmd-1791943) | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-WEVCNGEEW4.cc647d` |  |
| Mg2Ni | [Mg2Ni](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Mg2Ni.html) | -16.13 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -16.707 (mp-aaaaadef) | -18.281 (oqmd-1791943) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Lukashenko 1966_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-4ID3VNUSY5.ba10f5` |  |
| Mg2Ni | [Mg2Ni](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Mg2Ni.html) | -14.2 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -16.707 (mp-aaaaadef) | -18.281 (oqmd-1791943) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Feufel 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2895%2901526-4) | Table 4, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-QVTPLSNWR4.05710d` |  |
| Mg2Ni | [Mg2Ni](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Mg2Ni.html) | -13.59 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -16.707 (mp-aaaaadef) | -18.281 (oqmd-1791943) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites King 1964_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2864%2990056-2) | Table 4, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-5PCDUQPPMY.4cb693` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -77.87 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-RYAQ4LKL7J.2be89c` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -59.91 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 12_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-4RGH55XUQP.21ebbb` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -55.68 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 6.28 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 10_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-WRHWA6GMI3.9bfa2d` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -55.65 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 4.61 |  | model |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-QRH66KL2K7.750685` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -55.27 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 2.1 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 11_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-PMMJZUFYMJ.6995a1` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -53.22 kJ/mol (basis unstated) ± 10 | 298.15 | experimental |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 16_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-3IFUULPCB5.824c81` |  |
| MgNi2 |  | -48.086 kJ/mol (basis unstated) |  | model |  |  | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-GPOK2SAIGV.177028` |  |
| MgNi2 | [MgNi2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/MgNi2.html) | -25.92 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -21.279 (mp-aaaaadyx) | -22.517 (oqmd-17634) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Schmahl 1958_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-KARWEPEIDM.17caf0` |  |
| MgNi2 | [MgNi2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/MgNi2.html) | -21.55 kJ/mol-atom |  | model | -21.279 (mp-aaaaadyx) | -22.517 (oqmd-17634) | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-WEVCNGEEW4.265df8` |  |
| MgNi2 | [MgNi2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/MgNi2.html) | -21.47 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -21.279 (mp-aaaaadyx) | -22.517 (oqmd-17634) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Lukashenko 1966_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-4ID3VNUSY5.355647` |  |
| MgNi2 | [MgNi2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/MgNi2.html) | -21.073 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -21.279 (mp-aaaaadyx) | -22.517 (oqmd-17634) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Feufel 1995_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388%2895%2901526-4) | Table 4, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-QVTPLSNWR4.43109e` |  |
| MgNi2 | [MgNi2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/MgNi2.html) | -20.62 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -21.279 (mp-aaaaadyx) | -22.517 (oqmd-17634) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Smith 1960_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2860%2990188-7) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ZUOAQ2M7RC.4ad923` |  |
| MgNi2 | [MgNi2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/MgNi2.html) | -19.23 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | experimental | -21.279 (mp-aaaaadyx) | -22.517 (oqmd-17634) | [1] Islam 2005; _cites King 1964_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2864%2990056-2) | Table 4, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-5PCDUQPPMY.171a4e` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (6)

Table: Phase transition, Mg–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1368 K | 1368 | other: Liq+MgNi2 (maximum); _L: Ni 0.666667; MgNi2: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 5_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 16; `ORC-E2R2BRR67A` |  |
| Phase transition | 1416 K | 1416 | other: Liq+MgNi2 (maximum); _L: Ni 0.666667; MgNi2: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 8_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 17; `ORC-QXURAVQ7SZ` |  |
| Phase transition | 1420 K | 1420 | congruent melting: Liquid -> MgNi2; _Liquid: Ni 0.666; MgNi2: Ni 0.666_ | model | [3] (ed.) 1998 | Table I, p. 235, row 2; `ORC-QHBVXHZ4WY` |  |
| Phase transition | 1420 K | 1420 | other: Liq+MgNi2 (maximum); _L: Ni 0.666667; MgNi2: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 3_ | Table 3, p. 6, row 18; `ORC-CKG3HM4Q7N` |  |
| Phase transition | 1420.58 K | 1420.58 | other: Liq+MgNi2 (maximum); _L: Ni 0.6686; MgNi2: Ni 0.6686_ | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 3, p. 6, row 15; `ORC-NGOALGTCZT` |  |
| Phase transition | 1420.6 K | 1420.6 | other: Liq+MgNi2 (maximum); _L: Ni 0.6665; MgNi2: Ni 0.6665_ | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 3, p. 6, row 14; `ORC-EVSWL2G3LV` |  |

### Formation (27)

Table: Formation, Mg–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(Mg2Ni)_ | -2.323 J/mol (basis unstated)/K |  | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-GPOK2SAIGV.23806a` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(Mg2Ni)_ | -8.97 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 5.77 |  | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-QRH66KL2K7.7153b7` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -5.4 J/mol-atom/K |  | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-WEVCNGEEW4.b90961` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(MgNi2)_ | -7.504 J/mol (basis unstated)/K |  | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-GPOK2SAIGV.1b4afa` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(MgNi2)_ | -5.63 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 4.8 |  | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | model | [2] Jacobs 1998 | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-QRH66KL2K7.307fef` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -7.11 J/mol-atom/K |  | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-WEVCNGEEW4.c41029` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -4.96 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Lukashenko 1966_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-4ID3VNUSY5.e2a598` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(Mg2Ni)_ | -14.89 J/mol (basis unstated)/K | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 12_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-4RGH55XUQP.fcd313` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -9.2 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Schmahl 1958_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-KARWEPEIDM.9997a1` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(Mg2Ni)_ | -27.63 J/mol (basis unstated)/K | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-RYAQ4LKL7J.addcee` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(Mg2Ni)_ | -25.12 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 12.14 | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 10_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-WRHWA6GMI3.32a106` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -4.32 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Smith 1960_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2860%2990188-7) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ZUOAQ2M7RC.8cd579` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -6.65 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Lukashenko 1966_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-4ID3VNUSY5.297b4c` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(MgNi2)_ | -11.68 J/mol (basis unstated)/K | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 12_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-4RGH55XUQP.0a86ed` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -10.89 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Schmahl 1958_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-KARWEPEIDM.13e215` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(MgNi2)_ | -2.5 J/mol (basis unstated)/K | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 11_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-PMMJZUFYMJ.0356f3` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(MgNi2)_ | -32.66 J/mol (basis unstated)/K | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 9_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-RYAQ4LKL7J.d06f53` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS(MgNi2)_ | -2.51 J/mol (basis unstated)/K ± 5.86 | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [2] Jacobs 1998; _cites ref. 10_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-WRHWA6GMI3.5aba7c` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔSf_ | -2.79 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Smith 1960_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2860%2990188-7) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ZUOAQ2M7RC.4459d4` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -14.73 kJ/mol-atom |  | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-WEVCNGEEW4.bcb841` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -19.61 kJ/mol-atom |  | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005 | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-WEVCNGEEW4.9b6d12` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -14.78 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Lukashenko 1966_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-4ID3VNUSY5.45dd63` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -17.54 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Schmahl 1958_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-KARWEPEIDM.4ecbac` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -18.05 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Mg2Ni; _alloy: Ni 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Smith 1960_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2860%2990188-7) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ZUOAQ2M7RC.58e75d` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -19.65 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Lukashenko 1966_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-4ID3VNUSY5.3a4fd2` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -22.95 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Schmahl 1958_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-KARWEPEIDM.224985` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔGf_ | -19.86 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Ni 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Smith 1960_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160%2860%2990188-7) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-ZUOAQ2M7RC.3ec3c2` |  |

### Crystal structure (10)

Table: Crystal structure, Mg–Ni system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 4.824 Å | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-6HYIKECAKX.f04481` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.824 Å | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-MDQXKB4AKJ.6fcc15` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.826 Å | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-6HYIKECAKX.c30dc4` |  |
| Lattice c | 15.826 Å | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-MDQXKB4AKJ.632af2` |  |
| lattice alpha | 90 not_printed | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-6HYIKECAKX.434945` |  |
| lattice alpha | 90 not_printed | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-MDQXKB4AKJ.87fcda` |  |
| lattice beta | 90 not_printed | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-6HYIKECAKX.60f76e` |  |
| lattice beta | 90 not_printed | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-MDQXKB4AKJ.bd9237` |  |
| lattice gamma | 120 not_printed | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-6HYIKECAKX.a11879` |  |
| lattice gamma | 120 not_printed | 298.15 | MgNi2; _alloy: Mg 0.333333, Ni 0.666667_ | model | [1] Islam 2005; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 2; `ORC-MDQXKB4AKJ.b52704` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. F. Islam, M. Medraj, The phase equilibria in the Mg–Ni–Ca system, Calphad 29, 289-302 (2005). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2005.08.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2005.08.006)
2. M.H.G. Jacobs, P.J. Spencer, A critical thermodynamic evaluation of the system MG-NI, Calphad 22, 513-525 (1998). [doi:10.1016/s0364-5916(99)00008-5](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0364-5916%2899%2900008-5)
3. I. Ansara, A. T. Dinsdale, M. H. Rand (eds.), COST 507: Thermochemical database for light metal alloys, Volume 2, EUR 18499 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg (1998), ISBN 92-828-3902-8.

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).