# Nb system

> Nb system: 70 accepted literature values (crystal structure 46, formation 20, phase transition 2, activity / EMF / Gibbs energy 2) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/NB.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/NB.md

70 accepted literature values from 12 paper(s) (experimental 7, model 9, DFT 47, unspecified 7); 0 calculated phase diagram(s). 5 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/NB.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/NB.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#NB) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/NB.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/NB.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 7 |
| model | 9 |
| DFT | 47 |
| unspecified | 7 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| phase transition | 2 |
| formation | 20 |
| activity / EMF / Gibbs energy | 2 |
| crystal structure | 46 |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Nb system (20)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| (Co,Ni)Nb |  | 16.9621 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [1] Zhou 2020 | Table V, p. 12, row 19; `ORC-YR444HDFCU.2530e8` |  |
| C14 |  | 15.37 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 3, p. 3, row 3; `ORC-Q4O5P4FJO2` |  |
| C14 |  | 15.4 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [2] Pavlů 2009; _cites Sluiter 2006_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.09.002) | Table 3, p. 3, row 4; `ORC-ZBR63TSLH6` |  |
| C15 |  | 16.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 3, p. 3, row 9; `ORC-BUN2NLZL3O` |  |
| C15 |  | 16.2 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [2] Pavlů 2009; _cites Sluiter 2006_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.09.002) | Table 3, p. 3, row 10; `ORC-D5PG2AZXCM` |  |
| C15 |  | 16.33 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-VP4N3BXPZU` |  |
| C36 |  | 15.97 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 3, p. 3, row 14; `ORC-R77HCY7WY6` |  |
| C36 |  | 16.11 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 36; `ORC-QPY5EUJQIE` |  |
| D0_22 |  | 0.279 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | unspecified |  |  | [4] Mathon 2009 | Table 2, p. 10, row 14; `ORC-FMD73H7SSC.4fa14d` |  |
| D0_22 |  | 20 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | unspecified |  |  | [4] Mathon 2009 | Table 2, p. 10, row 14; `ORC-FMD73H7SSC.15f9b2` |  |
| D0_a |  | 20 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | unspecified |  |  | [4] Mathon 2009 | Table 2, p. 10, row 5; `ORC-33ACS7J253.418e48` |  |
| D0_a |  | 74.948 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | unspecified |  |  | [4] Mathon 2009 | Table 2, p. 10, row 5; `ORC-33ACS7J253.0e388d` |  |
| D8_5 |  | 65 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | unspecified |  |  | [4] Mathon 2009 | Table 2, p. 10, row 1; `ORC-VJBNDF5PVE.a2241b` |  |
| D8_5 |  | 209.344 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | unspecified |  |  | [4] Mathon 2009 | Table 2, p. 10, row 1; `ORC-VJBNDF5PVE.33ef00` |  |
| Nb2:Nb |  | 15.33 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [5] Schmetterer 2014 | Table 6, p. 7, row 16; `ORC-XFMFG5NJ7G` |  |
| Nb2:Nb |  | 16.2 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [5] Schmetterer 2014; _cites Pavlu 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.04.006) | Table 6, p. 7, row 17; `ORC-7SDDUNMFWD` |  |
| Nb2:Nb |  | 16.2 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT |  |  | [5] Schmetterer 2014; _cites Sluiter 2006_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2006.09.002) | Table 6, p. 7, row 18; `ORC-KEY7UGCFQU` |  |
| τ1 |  | 25.46 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 56; `ORC-WMNNRHBATQ` |  |
| τ2 |  | 15.51 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-JPJ7SORJML` |  |
| τ2 |  | 16.54 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 0 | DFT |  |  | [3] Lu 2017; _cites Liu 2012_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2012.03.004) | Table 2, p. 3, row 24; `ORC-LJNTBA25GL` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (2)

Table: Phase transition, Nb system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1973 K | 1973 | other: Nb-solidus; _alloy: Nb 1_ | experimental | [6] Neto 1993; _cites ref. 69Rud_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 8; `ORC-2JZ6NCFMEJ` |  |
| Phase transition | 2168 K | 2168 | other: Nb-solidus; _alloy: Nb 1_ | experimental | [6] Neto 1993; _cites ref. 56Ely_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 43; `ORC-6CRNUHT7WU` |  |

### Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy (2)

Table: Activity / EMF / Gibbs energy, Nb system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gibbs energy; _printed: Gm(ω)-Gm(β)_ | 6878 J/mol | 0 | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [7] Yan 2016 | Table 4, p. 5, row 4; `ORC-4V34BQFPHS` |  |
| Gibbs energy; _printed: Gm(ω)-Gm(β)_ | 19267 J/mol | 0 | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [7] Yan 2016 | Table 4, p. 5, row 3; `ORC-IZ2G2ZLA7X` |  |

### Crystal structure (46)

Table: Crystal structure, Nb system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 3.322 Å |  | (Nb); _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [8] Liu 2012; _cites Wang 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2004.05.002) | Table 5, p. 9, row 8; `ORC-AJA5CODC2X.4198f5` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.32 Å |  | (Nb); _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 5, p. 9, row 7; `ORC-OI4SYKUVUN.99a902` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.2929 Å | 0 | BCC; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [9] Ghosh 2002 | Table 1, p. 6, row 7; `ORC-UJNER7X26S` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.467 Å | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-DZHKMVKZ5P.a3e307` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.5 Å | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-H44DNK52J2.7a6a97` |  |
| Lattice a | 7.69 Å | 0 | C15; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-DPTRJGP2ZM.670a49` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 7.67 Å | 0 | C15; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-I7XQX62O3B` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.48 Å | 0 | C36; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-LZI7235JYJ.583aa6` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 5.46 Å | 0 | C36; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 36; `ORC-W5IQTFOFIL.4982b8` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.1999 Å | 0 | FCC; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [9] Ghosh 2002 | Table 1, p. 6, row 9; `ORC-EMJ7BGJRNV` |  |
| Lattice a | 2.8453 Å | 0 | HCP; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [9] Ghosh 2002 | Table 1, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-YPKUFFKRWL.b8d7ea` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.317 Å | 0 | Nb (bcc) | DFT | [10] Liu 2013 | Table 1, p. 4, row 4; `ORC-M6YDKDLVX3` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3 Å |  | Nb (bcc) | experimental | [10] Liu 2013; _cites Kittel 1995_ | Table 1, p. 4, row 6; `ORC-SDHTHO4HJX` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.322 Å | 0 | Nb (bcc) | DFT | [10] Liu 2013; _cites Wang 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2004.02.014) | Table 1, p. 4, row 5; `ORC-XUK5EQBGQO` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.32 Å |  | Nonmagnetic BCC Nb; _alloy: Nb 1_ | unspecified | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 1, p. 3, row 3; `ORC-ECH7WVIK42` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 7.69 Å | 0 | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [5] Schmetterer 2014; _cites Pavlu 2009_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.04.006) | Table 6, p. 7, row 17; `ORC-6CKPDM6X7F` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 7.74 Å | 0 | UNKNOWN; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [5] Schmetterer 2014 | Table 6, p. 7, row 16; `ORC-W4FWIMABUF` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.456 Å | 0 | μ; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 34; `ORC-THLWLDVIFI.989d9e` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 12.21 Å | 0 | τ1; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 56; `ORC-A25PIUEQ52` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 5.48 Å | 0 | τ2; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-DKKEJZUUWC.6a77ff` |  |
| Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 5.47 Å | 0 | τ2; _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [3] Lu 2017; _cites Liu 2012_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2012.03.004) | Table 2, p. 3, row 24; `ORC-HP7LKAIO36.e203fc` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3024 Å | 4.2 | BCC; _alloy: Nb 1_ | experimental | [9] Ghosh 2002 | Table 1, p. 6, row 12; `ORC-RDQFC6NKXO` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3024 Å | 4.2 | BCC; _alloy: Nb 1_ | experimental | [9] Ghosh 2002; _cites ref. 1964Val_ | Table 1, p. 6, row 8; `ORC-SWHBONND3X` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3024 Å | 298.15 | BCC; _alloy: Nb 1_ | experimental | [9] Ghosh 2002; _cites ref. 1964Val_ | Table 1, p. 6, row 13; `ORC-UNIJCMOWJX` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3 Å | 298.15 | Nb | model | [11] Li 2013; _cites Daams 1991_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-5WCAHYLZPW` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3067 Å | 298.15 | Nb; _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [12] Shao 2004; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-JUPAVL22EC` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.3 Å | 298.15 | Nonmagnetic BCC Nb; _alloy: Nb 1_ | experimental | [2] Pavlů 2009; _cites Villars 1991_ | Table 1, p. 3, row 4; `ORC-VGM6XLA57K` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.869 Å | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-DZHKMVKZ5P.43df50` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.68 Å | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-H44DNK52J2.e486d8` |  |
| Lattice c | 17.52 Å | 0 | C36; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-LZI7235JYJ.e0174c` |  |
| Lattice c; _printed: c_ | 17.47 Å | 0 | C36; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 36; `ORC-W5IQTFOFIL.0ed993` |  |
| Lattice c | 5.2551 Å | 0 | HCP; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [9] Ghosh 2002 | Table 1, p. 6, row 10; `ORC-YPKUFFKRWL.56d115` |  |
| Lattice c | 28.825 Å | 0 | μ; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 34; `ORC-THLWLDVIFI.d486d6` |  |
| Lattice c; _printed: c_ | 8.66 Å | 0 | τ2; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [3] Lu 2017 | Table 2, p. 3, row 23; `ORC-DKKEJZUUWC.e5f9a9` |  |
| Lattice c; _printed: c_ | 8.87 Å | 0 | τ2; _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [3] Lu 2017; _cites Liu 2012_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2012.03.004) | Table 2, p. 3, row 24; `ORC-HP7LKAIO36.722977` |  |
| Molar volume; _printed: V0_ | 18.34 Å3/atom | 0 | (Co,Ni)Nb; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [1] Zhou 2020 | Table V, p. 12, row 19; `ORC-YR444HDFCU.d9b0a7` |  |
| Molar volume; _printed: V0_ | 18.12 Å3/atom | 0 | bcc(Nb); _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [1] Zhou 2020 | Table V, p. 12, row 2; `ORC-475EAV77KZ` |  |
| lattice 2v atom | 3.796 10^7 pm^3 | 0 | C36; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 20; `ORC-LZI7235JYJ.60c6da` |  |
| lattice v atom | 1.894 10^7 pm^3 | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 2; `ORC-H44DNK52J2.5e11d0` |  |
| lattice v atom | 1.898 10^7 pm^3 | 0 | C15; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [2] Pavlů 2009 | Table 2, p. 3, row 11; `ORC-DPTRJGP2ZM.fd5c9e` |  |
| lattice v0 | 36.7 Å3 |  | (Nb); _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [8] Liu 2012; _cites Wang 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2004.05.002) | Table 5, p. 9, row 8; `ORC-AJA5CODC2X.452f7d` |  |
| lattice v0 | 36.6 Å3 |  | (Nb); _alloy: Nb 1_ | model | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 5, p. 9, row 7; `ORC-OI4SYKUVUN.5a0b74` |  |
| lattice v0 | 229.6 Å3 | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-DZHKMVKZ5P.930c38` |  |
| lattice v0 | 229.6 Å3 per formula unit | 0 | C14; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-DZHKMVKZ5P.f86d0f` |  |
| lattice v0 | 743 Å3 per formula unit | 0 | μ; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 34; `ORC-THLWLDVIFI.0df1ab` |  |
| lattice v0 | 743 Å3 | 0 | μ; _alloy: Nb 1_ | DFT | [8] Liu 2012 | Table 4, p. 8, row 34; `ORC-THLWLDVIFI.244a63` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Chenyang Zhou, Cuiping Guo, Jingbo Li, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Key Experiments and Thermodynamic Description of the Co-Nb-Ni System, Metall Mater Trans A 51, 5892-5911 (2020). [doi:10.1007/s11661-020-05963-2](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05963-2)
2. J. Pavlů, J. Vřešt’ál, M. Šob, Re-modeling of Laves phases in the Cr–Nb and Cr–Ta systems using first-principles results, Calphad 33, 179-186 (2009). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.04.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.04.006)
3. Hai-Jin Lu, Nan Zou, Xu-Shan Zhao, Jian-Yun Shen, Xiao-Gang Lu, Yan-Lin He, Thermodynamic investigation of the Zr-Fe-Nb system and its applications, Intermetallics 88, 91-100 (2017). [doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2017.05.008](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2017.05.008)
4. Muriel Mathon, Damien Connétable, Bo Sundman, Jacques Lacaze, Calphad-type assessment of the Fe–Nb–Ni ternary system, Calphad 33, 136-161 (2009). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2008.10.005](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2008.10.005)
5. Clemens Schmetterer, Alexandra Khvan, Aurélie Jacob, Bengt Hallstedt, Torsten Markus, A New Theoretical Study of the Cr-Nb System, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 35, 434-444 (2014). [doi:10.1007/s11669-014-0313-y](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-014-0313-y)
6. Joaquim G. Costa Neto, Suzana G. Fries, Hans Leo Lukas, Sérgio Gama, Günter Effenberg, Thermodynamic optimisation of the Nb-Cr system, Calphad 17, 219-228 (1993). [doi:10.1016/0364-5916(93)90001-r](https://doi.org/10.1016/0364-5916%2893%2990001-r)
7. Jia-Yi Yan, G.B. Olson, Computational thermodynamics and kinetics of displacive transformations in titanium-based alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 673, 441-454 (2016). [doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.02.251](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.02.251)
8. Shuhong Liu, Bengt Hallstedt, Denis Music, Yong Du, Ab initio calculations and thermodynamic modeling for the Fe–Mn–Nb system, Calphad 38, 43-58 (2012). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2012.03.004](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2012.03.004)
9. G. Ghosh, A. van de Walle, M. Asta, G.B. Olson, Phase stability of the Hf-Nb system: From first-principles to CALPHAD, Calphad 26, 491-511 (2002). [doi:10.1016/s0364-5916(02)80003-7](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0364-5916%2802%2980003-7)
10. Xuan L. Liu, Chelsey Z. Hargather, Zi-Kui Liu, First-principles aided thermodynamic modeling of the Nb–Re system, Calphad 41, 119-127 (2013). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2013.02.006](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2013.02.006)
11. Yan Li, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Thermodynamic optimization of the Nb–Si–W ternary system, Calphad 43, 112-123 (2013). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2013.04.004](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2013.04.004)
12. G. Shao, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Si–Al system, Intermetallics 12, 655-664 (2004). [doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2004.03.011](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2004.03.011)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).