O–Th system

16 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 16); 0 calculated phase diagram(s). 5 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · phases (6) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	16

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
phase transition	10
phase equilibrium	6

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull ThO-03Kin

Other properties

Phase transition (10)

Phase transition, O–Th system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location	Quote
Phase transition	1680 K	1680	polymorphic: α → β alloy: Th 0.900901	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 18 report
Phase transition	1680 K	1680	polymorphic: α → β alloy: Th 0.60241	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 12 report
Phase transition	1730 K	1730	polymorphic: α → β alloy: Th 0.75188	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 15 report
Phase transition	2040 K	2040	eutectic: ThO0.11 alloy: Th 0.900901	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 17 report
Phase transition	2040 K	2040	eutectic: ThO1.22 alloy: Th 0.45045	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 6 report
Phase transition	2040 K	2040	eutectic: ThO1.5 alloy: Th 0.4	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 3 report
Phase transition	2045 K	2045	eutectic: ThO0.33 alloy: Th 0.75188	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 14 report
Phase transition	2048 K	2048	eutectic: ThO alloy: Th 0.5	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 9 report
Phase transition	2048 K	2048	eutectic: ThO0.66 alloy: Th 0.60241	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 11 report
Phase transition	3651 K	3651	ThO2	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018 cites Ronchi 1996 doi	p. 3 report	The melting point of stoichiometric ThO2 was also reported by Ronchi and Hiernaut as 3651 ± 17 K [15].

Phase equilibrium (6)

Phase equilibrium, O–Th system
Property	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Phase composition	2480	other: ThO0.11 liquid: Th 0.900901	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 16 report
Phase composition	2720	other: ThO0.33 liquid: Th 0.75188	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 13 report
Phase composition	2940	other: ThO0.66 liquid: Th 0.60241	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 10 report
Phase composition	3400	other: ThO liquid: Th 0.5	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 7 report
Phase composition	3505	other: ThO1.22 liquid: Th 0.45045	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 4 report
Phase composition	3535	other: ThO1.5 liquid: Th 0.4	experimental	[1] Bergeron 2018	Table 2, p. 4, row 1 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

A. Bergeron, D. Manara, O. Beneš, R. Eloirdi, M.H.A. Piro, E.C. Corcoran, Thermodynamic modelling of thoria-urania and thoria-plutonia fuels: Description of the Th-U-Pu-O quaternary system, Journal of Nuclear Materials 512, 324-348 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.09.013

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file. Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}