# Pd–Sn system

> Pd–Sn system: 208 accepted literature values (invariant reaction 104, crystal structure 56, formation 26, mixing / partial 18) and 3 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-SN.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-SN.md

208 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 111, model 66, unspecified 31); 3 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/PD-SN.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-SN.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#PD-SN) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#PD-SN/PdSn-06Viz.json) · [phases (18)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/PD-SN.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/PD-SN.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-SN.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 111 |
| model | 66 |
| unspecified | 31 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 104 |
| phase transition | 4 |
| formation | 26 |
| mixing / partial | 18 |
| crystal structure | 56 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | J. Vizdal, A. Kroupa, J. Popovic, A. Zemanova, Adv. Eng. Mater., 8, 164-76(2006). [doi:10.1002/adem.200500248](https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200500248) | `ebc7c67039dcc32907bd838598731d49cee2e63b92989f1f14dd6c508da768e9` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#PD-SN/PdSn-06Viz.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/PdSn-06Viz.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/PdSn-06Viz.json) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | S. Cui, J. Wang, Z. You, R.E. Napolitano, Intermetallics, 126, 106945(2020). [doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106945](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106945) | `4734a419f40958e9bfa0619c346c928978bc0efb13b09588874a7765aaa06e47` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#PD-SN/PdSn-20Cui.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/PdSn-20Cui.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/PdSn-20Cui.json) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | G. Ghosh, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 30A, 5-18(1999). | `0d9212a8d6e575dc2e6f043f6415bb12b792c7a7dd991457ee15c2952c5269c6` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#PD-SN/PdSn-99Gho-LB.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/PdSn-99Gho-LB.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 1549.88 | FCC_A1 (x(Sn) 0.20746) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.21448) + PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.24856) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 1495.66 | PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.25168) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.30584) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.34711) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 1173.09 | PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.37649) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.4052) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.49449) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 1093.05 | PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.25015) + PD2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.333) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.34276) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 1082.71 | PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.41876) + PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50267) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.52823) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 873.21 | PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50828) + PDSN2 (x(Sn) 0.66826) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.69723) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 822.86 | PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.3977) + PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD3SN2_BETA (x(Sn) 0.4) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 822.86 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD3SN2_BETA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.40254) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 785.78 | PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.41007) + PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50034) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 750.66 | PD2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.333) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.35227) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.3842) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 734.77 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.4043) + PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 734.77 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.40429) + PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 618 | PDSN2 (x(Sn) 0.68052) + PDSN3 (x(Sn) 0.73658) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96038) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 567.97 | PDSN3 (x(Sn) 0.74186) + PDSN4_D1C (x(Sn) 0.7956) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.98011) |
| PdSn-06Viz.tdb | 503.68 | PDSN4_D1C (x(Sn) 0.79923) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.9955) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 1552.69 | FCC_A1 (x(Sn) 0.16599) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.20139) + PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.22909) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 1503.9 | PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.24979) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.30453) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.34775) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 1173.53 | PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.37255) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.40835) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.49639) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 1094.09 | PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.24999) + PD2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.34477) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 1083.22 | PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.43141) + PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50184) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.52971) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 890.01 | PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.5077) + PD5SN7 (x(Sn) 0.58333) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.66923) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 872.49 | PD5SN7 (x(Sn) 0.58333) + PDSN2 (x(Sn) 0.66777) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.69299) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 823.1 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD3SN2_BETA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.403) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 778.37 | PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.41202) + PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50024) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 752.94 | PD2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.33333) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.35611) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.37968) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 740.06 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.40497) + PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 618.61 | PDSN2 (x(Sn) 0.67715) + PDSN3 (x(Sn) 0.73857) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96888) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 567.63 | PDSN3 (x(Sn) 0.7433) + PDSN4_D1C (x(Sn) 0.79659) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.98354) |
| PdSn-20Cui.tdb | 503.79 | PDSN4_D1C (x(Sn) 0.79943) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.99599) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 1553.47 | FCC_A1 (x(Sn) 0.20912) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.21568) + PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.24864) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 1495.66 | PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.25168) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.30584) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.34711) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 1173.09 | PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.37649) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.4052) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.49449) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 1093.05 | PD3SN_L12 (x(Sn) 0.25015) + PD2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.333) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.34276) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 1082.71 | PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.41876) + PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50267) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.52823) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 873.21 | PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50828) + PDSN2 (x(Sn) 0.66826) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.69723) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 822.86 | PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.3977) + PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD3SN2_BETA (x(Sn) 0.4) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 822.86 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD3SN2_BETA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.40254) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 785.78 | PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.41007) + PDSN_B31 (x(Sn) 0.50034) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 750.66 | PD2SN_C37 (x(Sn) 0.333) + PD2SN_B82 (x(Sn) 0.35227) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.3842) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 734.77 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.4043) + PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 734.77 | PD3SN2_ALPHA (x(Sn) 0.4) + PD20SN13 (x(Sn) 0.40429) + PD3SN2_DELTA (x(Sn) 0.41) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 618 | PDSN2 (x(Sn) 0.68052) + PDSN3 (x(Sn) 0.73658) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.96038) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 567.97 | PDSN3 (x(Sn) 0.74186) + PDSN4_D1C (x(Sn) 0.7956) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.98011) |
| PdSn-99Gho-LB.tdb | 503.68 | PDSN4_D1C (x(Sn) 0.79923) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.9955) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 1) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/PD/PD-SN.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/PD/PD-SN.json) · [CALPHAD hull PdSn-06Viz](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/PD/PD-SN--PdSn-06Viz.json) · [CALPHAD hull PdSn-99Gho-LB](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/calphad-sgte/PD/PD-SN--PdSn-99Gho-LB.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Pd–Sn system (104)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1601.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = Pd3Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.249; Liquid: Sn 0.249 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 8; `ORC-ZNST6V2F3T` |  |
| 1599.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = Pd3Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.246; Liquid: Sn 0.246 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 9; `ORC-5FW7D76JO7` |  |
| 1599.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = Pd3Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; Liquid: Sn 0.25 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-FIEODYEWIQ` |  |
| 1598.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = Pd3Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.249; Liquid: Sn 0.249 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 10; `ORC-TBIFWDDYOM` |  |
| 1576.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = Pd3Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; Liquid: Sn 0.25 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-AKWV7L64CD` |  |
| 1566.15 | Liquid = (Pd) + Pd3Sn | (Pd): Sn 0.17; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.24; Liquid: Sn 0.212 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-VIRZC6QQMD` |  |
| 1566 | eutectic: L -> (Pd) + Pd3Sn | L: Sn 0.2125; (Pd): Sn 0.1583; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.228 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 1; `ORC-RTDVZABDXI` |  |
| 1560.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = γ\_Pd2Sn | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.34; Liquid: Sn 0.34 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 16; `ORC-GJSPG6I6YT` |  |
| 1559.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = γ\_Pd2Sn | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.358; Liquid: Sn 0.358 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 20; `ORC-6MOCH5D5AV` |  |
| 1559.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = γ\_Pd2Sn | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.353; Liquid: Sn 0.353 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 19; `ORC-BZLQFZ5I3D` |  |
| 1559.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = γ\_Pd2Sn | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.354; Liquid: Sn 0.354 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 18; `ORC-TJUQZGKTDO` |  |
| 1553.15 | Liquid = (Pd) + Pd3Sn | (Pd): Sn 0.166; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.229; Liquid: Sn 0.201 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-766T5UGNZH` |  |
| 1553.15 | Liquid = (Pd) + Pd3Sn | (Pd): Sn 0.17; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.23; Liquid: Sn 0.212 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-KMV5XGF4JU` |  |
| 1553.15 | Liquid = (Pd) + Pd3Sn | (Pd): Sn 0.172; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.238; Liquid: Sn 0.211 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-QSLCBW3UQV` |  |
| 1553 | eutectic: L -> (Pd) + Pd3Sn | L: Sn 0.2132; (Pd): Sn 0.167; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2263 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 2; `ORC-H6VQVISJLY` |  |
| 1552 | eutectic: L -> (Pd) + Pd3Sn | L: Sn 0.2138; (Pd): Sn 0.2055; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2463 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-SZKTHH65B4` |  |
| 1551.15 | Liquid = (Pd) + Pd3Sn | (Pd): Sn 0.205; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.246; Liquid: Sn 0.214 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 3; `ORC-K4H5QZNRNY` |  |
| 1543.15 | congruent melting: Liquid = γ\_Pd2Sn | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.33; Liquid: Sn 0.33 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 17; `ORC-J3MUF32M37` |  |
| 1504.15 | Liquid = Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.26; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.33; Liquid: Sn 0.302 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 11; `ORC-DXAWHCON7M` |  |
| 1504.15 | Liquid = Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.353; Liquid: Sn 0.315 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 15; `ORC-FXDPZNJ5TZ` |  |
| 1504.15 | Liquid = Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.348; Liquid: Sn 0.305 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 14; `ORC-UIQAWAKHLE` |  |
| 1504 | eutectic: L -> γ-Pd2Sn + Pd3Sn | L: Sn 0.305; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3208; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2583 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 4; `ORC-HZSCFMLN7I` |  |
| 1496 | eutectic: L -> γ-Pd2Sn + Pd3Sn | L: Sn 0.3057; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3471; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2511 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 6; `ORC-WS4LEXX7FD` |  |
| 1495.15 | Liquid = Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.251; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.347; Liquid: Sn 0.306 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 13; `ORC-2JLZ2XML3M` |  |
| 1488.15 | Liquid = Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.26; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.33; Liquid: Sn 0.3 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 12; `ORC-5ZE7VQ755W` |  |
| 1488 | eutectic: L -> γ-Pd2Sn + Pd3Sn | L: Sn 0.3027; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3243; Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2553 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 5; `ORC-UPDHIMDMCX` |  |
| 1202.15 | Liquid + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.38; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; Liquid: Sn 0.48 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 21; `ORC-H63S2MKQ5X` |  |
| 1202 | L + γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd20Sn13 | L: Sn 0.482; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3792; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.3917 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 10; `ORC-T7RLOJRBIO` |  |
| 1173.15 | Liquid + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.372; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; Liquid: Sn 0.484 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 26; `ORC-4XRVAORTXT` |  |
| 1173.15 | Liquid + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.373; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.408; Liquid: Sn 0.497 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 25; `ORC-6N2UQF3IK6` |  |
| 1173.15 | Liquid + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.38; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 23; `ORC-DEE4PR2FAG` |  |
| 1173.15 | Liquid + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.376; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.405; Liquid: Sn 0.494 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 24; `ORC-U76BKMZBLZ` |  |
| 1173.15 | Liquid + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.38; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; Liquid: Sn 0.47 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 22; `ORC-YZH7IAXGOB` |  |
| 1173 | L + γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd20Sn13 | L: Sn 0.4945; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3765; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4052 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 12; `ORC-FFQP24JEC7` |  |
| 1173 | L + γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd20Sn13 | L: Sn 0.4598; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3844; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 11; `ORC-IU7MSK2BGG` |  |
| 1098.15 | Liquid + Pd20Sn13 = PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; PdSn: Sn 0.5; Liquid: Sn 0.53 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 27; `ORC-2F4UEK362J` |  |
| 1098 | L + Pd20Sn13 -> PdSn | L: Sn 0.525; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; PdSn: Sn 0.5125 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 13; `ORC-JY3YG5YSED` |  |
| 1093.15 | Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.343; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 55; `ORC-LZCSV22V4U` |  |
| 1093.15 | Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.349; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 57; `ORC-MM7WFAAJ5P` |  |
| 1093.15 | Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.345; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 56; `ORC-V2SXEZLKXA` |  |
| 1093.15 | Pd3Sn + γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25; γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.35; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.33 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 54; `ORC-XLDXTNV5HS` |  |
| 1093 | Pd3Sn + γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2526; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3444; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 25; `ORC-RDPPWHLNPR` |  |
| 1093 | Pd3Sn + γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd2Sn | Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2501; γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3428; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 26; `ORC-W7HUGMX4FG` |  |
| 1083.15 | Liquid + Pd20Sn13 = PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.419; PdSn: Sn 0.503; Liquid: Sn 0.528 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 30; `ORC-5DCEFCHZLV` |  |
| 1083.15 | Liquid + Pd20Sn13 = PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.42; PdSn: Sn 0.5 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 29; `ORC-HHCV5BVPN4` |  |
| 1083.15 | Liquid + Pd20Sn13 = PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.431; PdSn: Sn 0.502; Liquid: Sn 0.53 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 31; `ORC-WGBMWXRD5J` |  |
| 1083.15 | Liquid + Pd20Sn13 = PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; PdSn: Sn 0.5; Liquid: Sn 0.53 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 28; `ORC-ZG6XMONI5F` |  |
| 1083 | L + Pd20Sn13 -> PdSn | L: Sn 0.4869; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4163; PdSn: Sn 0.5025 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 15; `ORC-4PDY52KR42` |  |
| 1083 | L + Pd20Sn13 -> PdSn | L: Sn 0.5211; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4055; PdSn: Sn 0.5 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 14; `ORC-DTJ7LTTNFD` |  |
| 1082.15 | Liquid + Pd20Sn13 = PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.435; PdSn: Sn 0.502; Liquid: Sn 0.527 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 32; `ORC-ISXW6FIY3Q` |  |
| 934.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 11; `ORC-73HBCBGWHH` |  |
| 933.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 12; `ORC-2R7GGM562J` |  |
| 933.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-T6EDDHSOGH` |  |
| 933.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 8, row 9; `ORC-ZTGKQOGHGE` |  |
| 890.15 | Liquid + PdSn = Pd5Sn7 | PdSn: Sn 0.508; Pd5Sn7: Sn 0.583; Liquid: Sn 0.694 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 35; `ORC-CE7KROAQXD` |  |
| 890.15 | Liquid + PdSn = Pd5Sn7 | PdSn: Sn 0.508; Pd5Sn7: Sn 0.583; Liquid: Sn 0.669 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 34; `ORC-OML4X4LAIR` |  |
| 890.15 | Liquid + PdSn = Pd5Sn7 | PdSn: Sn 0.5; Pd5Sn7: Sn 0.583; Liquid: Sn 0.68 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 33; `ORC-YUMZUMHJNY` |  |
| 890 | L + PdSn -> PdSn2 | L: Sn 0.6743; PdSn: Sn 0.5112 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 16; `ORC-W5VTCVVSFY` |  |
| 873.15 | Liquid + Pd5Sn7 = PdSn2 | Pd5Sn7: Sn 0.583; PdSn2: Sn 0.67; Liquid: Sn 0.72 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 36; `ORC-OGYIZLFBLR` |  |
| 873 | L + PdSn -> PdSn2 | L: Sn 0.6972; PdSn: Sn 0.5083; PdSn2: Sn 0.6683 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 18; `ORC-J3FZLYXA3P` |  |
| 873 | L + PdSn -> PdSn2 | L: Sn 0.7161; PdSn: Sn 0.5054; PdSn2: Sn 0.6734 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 17; `ORC-J3KLDGU7JX` |  |
| 872.15 | Liquid + Pd5Sn7 = PdSn2 | Pd5Sn7: Sn 0.583; PdSn2: Sn 0.668; Liquid: Sn 0.716 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 38; `ORC-DGKRX647ME` |  |
| 872.15 | Liquid + Pd5Sn7 = PdSn2 | Pd5Sn7: Sn 0.583; PdSn2: Sn 0.668; Liquid: Sn 0.693 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 37; `ORC-MESWTCV2JM` |  |
| 823.15 | polymorphic: α\_Pd3Sn2 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | α\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 8, row 14; `ORC-7OZK2PPVNT` |  |
| 823.15 | polymorphic: α\_Pd3Sn2 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | α\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 16; `ORC-CLS74M7KHV` |  |
| 815.15 | polymorphic: α\_Pd3Sn2 = β\_Pd3Sn2 | α\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4; β\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.4 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 8, row 13; `ORC-4JNN372X4I` |  |
| 793.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 8, row 5; `ORC-BS36CP264A` |  |
| 793.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 8; `ORC-UOV7GL4ZQ6` |  |
| 790.15 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 7; `ORC-EZWNVLIULR` |  |
| 785.85 | Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 + PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.4101; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41; PdSn: Sn 0.5 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 8, row 2; `ORC-LW4JJAQX7A` |  |
| 785.85 | polymorphic: Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.41; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 8, row 6; `ORC-MJVWTC2GXA` |  |
| 784.15 | Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 + PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.412; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41; PdSn: Sn 0.5 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 3; `ORC-UDRGWOAWVI` |  |
| 783.15 | Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 + PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.412; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41; PdSn: Sn 0.5 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 8, row 1; `ORC-426IS52ILC` |  |
| 783.15 | Pd20Sn13 = δ\_Pd3Sn2 + PdSn | Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.414; δ\_Pd3Sn2: Sn 0.41; PdSn: Sn 0.5 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 8, row 4; `ORC-HC4NHTQBDS` |  |
| 752.15 | γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn + Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.356; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.38 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 61; `ORC-EB7M6KBABX` |  |
| 751.15 | γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn + Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.352; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.384 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 60; `ORC-X3C7OP42HI` |  |
| 751 | γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd2Sn + Pd20Sn13 | γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3523; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.333; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.3842 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 28; `ORC-KN5M6D345E` |  |
| 748.15 | γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn + Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.37; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.33; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.38 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 58; `ORC-GNYFBJJT5U` |  |
| 748.15 | γ\_Pd2Sn = Pd2Sn + Pd20Sn13 | γ\_Pd2Sn: Sn 0.37; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.33; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.38 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 59; `ORC-OBMLKKHDFP` |  |
| 748 | γ-Pd2Sn -> Pd2Sn + Pd20Sn13 | γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.373; Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3324; Pd20Sn13: Sn 0.3811 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 27; `ORC-Z4BFNMM37S` |  |
| 621.15 | Liquid + PdSn2 = PdSn3 | PdSn2: Sn 0.67; PdSn3: Sn 0.75; Liquid: Sn 0.96 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 39; `ORC-Z3XTJJOCOT` |  |
| 621 | L + PdSn2 -> PdSn3 | L: Sn 0.9517; PdSn2: Sn 0.68 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 19; `ORC-7DMCCQZM7A` |  |
| 618.15 | Liquid + PdSn2 = PdSn3 | PdSn2: Sn 0.677; PdSn3: Sn 0.739; Liquid: Sn 0.969 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 42; `ORC-AEV42B7VIL` |  |
| 618.15 | Liquid + PdSn2 = PdSn3 | PdSn2: Sn 0.678; PdSn3: Sn 0.737; Liquid: Sn 0.986 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 43; `ORC-EUZAJQQTH6` |  |
| 618.15 | Liquid + PdSn2 = PdSn3 | PdSn2: Sn 0.68; PdSn3: Sn 0.74; Liquid: Sn 0.97 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 40; `ORC-IGKJTSPXMF` |  |
| 618.15 | Liquid + PdSn2 = PdSn3 | PdSn2: Sn 0.681; PdSn3: Sn 0.737; Liquid: Sn 0.96 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 41; `ORC-ING33JSQ4S` |  |
| 618 | L + PdSn2 -> PdSn3 | L: Sn 0.9684; PdSn2: Sn 0.6833; PdSn3: Sn 0.7421 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 20; `ORC-FPGBAENAQ7` |  |
| 618 | L + PdSn2 -> PdSn3 | L: Sn 0.9604; PdSn2: Sn 0.6805; PdSn3: Sn 0.7366 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 21; `ORC-SC3IBTNTTI` |  |
| 582.15 | Liquid + PdSn3 = PdSn4 | PdSn3: Sn 0.75; PdSn4: Sn 0.8; Liquid: Sn 0.98 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 44; `ORC-A7VR33JSL4` |  |
| 582 | L + PdSn3 -> PdSn4 | L: Sn 0.9708 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 22; `ORC-JKQ43R3GPS` |  |
| 568.15 | Liquid + PdSn3 = PdSn4 | PdSn3: Sn 0.743; PdSn4: Sn 0.797; Liquid: Sn 0.983 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 47; `ORC-2C64NZUWCG` |  |
| 568.15 | Liquid + PdSn3 = PdSn4 | PdSn3: Sn 0.74; PdSn4: Sn 0.8; Liquid: Sn 0.98 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 45; `ORC-LO6DC5ET64` |  |
| 568.15 | Liquid + PdSn3 = PdSn4 | PdSn3: Sn 0.742; PdSn4: Sn 0.796; Liquid: Sn 0.997 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 48; `ORC-VCHQTQNAXW` |  |
| 568.15 | Liquid + PdSn3 = PdSn4 | PdSn3: Sn 0.742; PdSn4: Sn 0.796; Liquid: Sn 0.98 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 46; `ORC-XK7WTRTVYG` |  |
| 568 | L + PdSn3 -> PdSn4 | L: Sn 0.9826; PdSn3: Sn 0.75; PdSn4: Sn 0.7947 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 23; `ORC-BNZVHFOVCW` |  |
| 568 | L + PdSn3 -> PdSn4 | L: Sn 0.9801; PdSn3: Sn 0.7419; PdSn4: Sn 0.7956 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 24; `ORC-I4P23CVQJ4` |  |
| 505.15 | Liquid = PdSn4 + (β\_Sn) | PdSn4: Sn 0.799; (β\_Sn): Sn 1; Liquid: Sn 0.999 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 53; `ORC-76VPU7SKJX` |  |
| 504.15 | Liquid = PdSn4 + (β\_Sn) | PdSn4: Sn 0.799; (β\_Sn): Sn 1; Liquid: Sn 0.996 | model | [1] Cui 2020 | Table 4, p. 7, row 52; `ORC-GAIFWWLCPB` |  |
| 504.15 | Liquid = PdSn4 + (β\_Sn) | PdSn4: Sn 0.799; (β\_Sn): Sn 1; Liquid: Sn 0.996 | model | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ghosh 1999_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9) | Table 4, p. 7, row 51; `ORC-Y42UATBUZ3` |  |
| 504 | eutectic: L -> (Sn) + PdSn4 | L: Sn 0.9955; (Sn): Sn 1; PdSn4: Sn 0.7992 | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 9; `ORC-XRLT7DU26L` |  |
| 503.15 | Liquid = PdSn4 + (β\_Sn) | PdSn4: Sn 0.8; (β\_Sn): Sn 1; Liquid: Sn 0.99 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 4, p. 7, row 50; `ORC-SATINXGHYO` |  |
| 503 | eutectic: L -> (Sn) + PdSn4 | L: Sn 1; (Sn): Sn 1; PdSn4: Sn 0.8 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Schubert 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-1959-500907) | Table III, p. 7, row 8; `ORC-MB3CUYLD6G` |  |
| 502.15 | Liquid = PdSn4 + (β\_Sn) | PdSn4: Sn 0.8; (β\_Sn): Sn 1; Liquid: Sn 0.99 | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Knight 1959_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2859%2990005-0) | Table 4, p. 7, row 49; `ORC-7H3BEHWGQL` |  |
| 502 | eutectic: L -> (Sn) + PdSn4 | L: Sn 1; (Sn): Sn 1 | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 7; `ORC-6HPKEVWW5O` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Pd–Sn system (26)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Pd20Sn13 | [Pd20Sn13](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd20Sn13.html) | -64.517 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -51.38 (mp-aaacrjpf) |  | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-VRQOVPNYWP.68efa4` |  |
| Pd2Sn | [Pd2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd2Sn.html) | -64.222 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -52.167 (mp-aaaaactf) | -55.441 (oqmd-7830) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 6; `ORC-BPA73GALKR.19f458` |  |
| Pd2Sn | [Pd2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd2Sn.html) | -64 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -52.167 (mp-aaaaactf) | -55.441 (oqmd-7830) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 5; `ORC-AUTG2I37NU.280d42` |  |
| Pd2Sn | [Pd2Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd2Sn.html) | -63.996 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.088 | 320 | experimental | -52.167 (mp-aaaaactf) | -55.441 (oqmd-7830) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 4; `ORC-WQH6W53A6M.a387b3` |  |
| Pd3Sn | [Pd3Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn.html) | -59 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -49.869 (mp-aaaaabbq) | -52.239 (oqmd-2170055) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 2; `ORC-Z3MVBW3G5J.c9dfbd` |  |
| Pd3Sn | [Pd3Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn.html) | -58.976 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -49.869 (mp-aaaaabbq) | -52.239 (oqmd-2170055) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 3; `ORC-SAGUIZ3JUN.ba40f8` |  |
| Pd3Sn | [Pd3Sn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn.html) | -58.579 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.218 | 320 | experimental | -49.869 (mp-aaaaabbq) | -52.239 (oqmd-2170055) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 1; `ORC-QBTBTA576Y.13bbfc` |  |
| PdSn | [PdSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn.html) | -69 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -51.312 (mp-aaaaadnd) | -55.827 (oqmd-17950) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 14; `ORC-SXJYARXJON.d28c7a` |  |
| PdSn | [PdSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn.html) | -61.166 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.184 | 320 | experimental | -51.312 (mp-aaaaadnd) | -55.827 (oqmd-17950) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 12; `ORC-LQN7YN3PVS.aa54d7` |  |
| PdSn | [PdSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn.html) | -60.997 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -51.312 (mp-aaaaadnd) | -55.827 (oqmd-17950) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 15; `ORC-36EUWHBZN6.8989a8` |  |
| PdSn | [PdSn](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn.html) | -60.363 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.335 | 273 | experimental | -51.312 (mp-aaaaadnd) | -55.827 (oqmd-17950) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table V, p. 8, row 13; `ORC-3IWLINAN5P.c6f340` |  |
| PdSn2 | [PdSn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn2.html) | -52 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -37.507 (mp-aaaaacin) | -43.643 (oqmd-2029391) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 18; `ORC-V4KSRNRXS6.c6b910` |  |
| PdSn2 | [PdSn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn2.html) | -44.104 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -37.507 (mp-aaaaacin) | -43.643 (oqmd-2029391) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 19; `ORC-GUJV3MWNON.ec0c85` |  |
| PdSn2 | [PdSn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn2.html) | -44.1 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.172 | 320 | experimental | -37.507 (mp-aaaaacin) | -43.643 (oqmd-2029391) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 16; `ORC-KGEHUOP3SH.248101` |  |
| PdSn2 | [PdSn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn2.html) | -43.744 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.251 | 273 | experimental | -37.507 (mp-aaaaacin) | -43.643 (oqmd-2029391) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table V, p. 8, row 17; `ORC-IRVRKYRVYA.a76274` |  |
| PdSn3 | [PdSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn3.html) | -39 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -28.236 (mp-aaaaacat) | -34.635 (oqmd-17951) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 21; `ORC-JD4RMSWJUM.fded9f` |  |
| PdSn3 | [PdSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn3.html) | -34.826 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -28.236 (mp-aaaaacat) | -34.635 (oqmd-17951) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 22; `ORC-JWPLEMBMSQ.39471d` |  |
| PdSn3 | [PdSn3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn3.html) | -33.878 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.125 | 320 | experimental | -28.236 (mp-aaaaacat) | -34.635 (oqmd-17951) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 20; `ORC-IOZPT2WUPA.697e74` |  |
| PdSn4 | [PdSn4](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn4.html) | -31 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -22.852 (mp-aaaaaddw) | -29.96 (oqmd-17952) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 25; `ORC-WBFYENHPAX.62be35` |  |
| PdSn4 | [PdSn4](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn4.html) | -28.56 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified | -22.852 (mp-aaaaaddw) | -29.96 (oqmd-17952) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 26; `ORC-B2T5MZMLSJ.d216bf` |  |
| PdSn4 | [PdSn4](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn4.html) | -28.339 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.335 | 273 | experimental | -22.852 (mp-aaaaaddw) | -29.96 (oqmd-17952) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table V, p. 8, row 24; `ORC-YQ6CITKJYH.eca9f0` |  |
| PdSn4 | [PdSn4](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdSn4.html) | -27.841 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.075 | 320 | experimental | -22.852 (mp-aaaaaddw) | -29.96 (oqmd-17952) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 23; `ORC-ZLK2AFKPJQ.c4d86a` |  |
| α-Pd3Sn2 | [Pd3Sn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn2.html) | -69 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  | -54.261 (oqmd-1797420) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites F 1988_ | Table V, p. 8, row 8; `ORC-HZTF6HN5ES.3bbde2` |  |
| α-Pd3Sn2 | [Pd3Sn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn2.html) | -64.575 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified |  | -54.261 (oqmd-1797420) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 9; `ORC-4AP47QVW2J.01ba96` |  |
| α-Pd3Sn2 | [Pd3Sn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn2.html) | -62.351 kJ/mol-atom ± 0.276 | 320 | experimental |  | -54.261 (oqmd-1797420) | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Bryant 1970_ | Table V, p. 8, row 7; `ORC-LDP5O2JGT6.cde3eb` |  |
| δ-Pd3Sn2 | [Pd3Sn2](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Sn2.html) | -64.286 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | unspecified |  | -54.261 (oqmd-1797420) | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table V, p. 8, row 11; `ORC-GUO2HTRXSB.40b3fe` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (4)

Table: Phase transition, Pd–Sn system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1559 K | 1559 | L -> γ-Pd2Sn; _γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3482_ | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 32; `ORC-HKZXVOVFBA` |  |
| Phase transition | 1560 K | 1560 | L -> γ-Pd2Sn; _γ-Pd2Sn: Sn 0.3367_ | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 31; `ORC-QQBLPVMRZA` |  |
| Phase transition | 1599 K | 1599 | L -> Pd3Sn; _Pd3Sn: Sn 0.25_ | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Knight 1999_ | Table III, p. 7, row 29; `ORC-JI35QLDY33` |  |
| Phase transition | 1602 K | 1602 | L -> Pd3Sn; _Pd3Sn: Sn 0.2502_ | model | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table III, p. 7, row 30; `ORC-CVN3YIVGOO` |  |

### Mixing / partial (18)

Table: Mixing / partial, Pd–Sn system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.16 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 698.1 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 3; `ORC-6OF6K57GKC` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -109.545 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 698.1 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Darby 1966_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 2; `ORC-SLFFZKM2YC` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -109.758 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 700 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 4; `ORC-FCJO7H3CUM` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.161 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 700 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 5; `ORC-X4A7UBJAQK` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -111.139 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 703 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 1; `ORC-RP7PKMY4WT` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -108.921 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 725 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 6; `ORC-46CDWOPUAJ` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.176 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 725 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 7; `ORC-WKNWVLR6BA` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.183 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 750 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 10; `ORC-AUSHWXMPW5` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -110.302 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 750 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 9; `ORC-O3MHQ2WQ5J` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -113.274 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 759 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 8; `ORC-U437VIIQFU` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -108.293 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 763 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 11; `ORC-345GWC6OCD` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.183 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 763 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 12; `ORC-ZKSXHYGGMH` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.18 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 773 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 14; `ORC-A7PL6GNSYU` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -105.614 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 773 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 13; `ORC-KUXTNRQ7W7` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.169 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 775 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 16; `ORC-ANF7GUWFTG` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -105.656 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 775 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 15; `ORC-BCMYWIACN4` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -104.861 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 797 | liquid | experimental | [2] Ghosh 1999; _cites Guadagno 1968_ | Table IV, p. 8, row 17; `ORC-GARPB5B44X` |  |
| Partial enthalpy; _printed: H̄\_Pd^liq_ | -119.18 kJ/mol (basis unstated) | 797 | liquid; _alloy: Pd 0.001, Sn 0.999_ | unspecified | [2] Ghosh 1999 | Table IV, p. 8, row 18; `ORC-RFOQ2ZEFUZ` |  |

### Crystal structure (56)

Table: Crystal structure, Pd–Sn system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lattice a | 8.7985 Å ± 0.0011 | 298.15 | Pd20Sn13; _alloy: Sn 0.393939_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 13; `ORC-DSOT732PP5.0d4474` |  |
| Lattice a | 8.77574 Å ± 1.700e-4 | 298.15 | Pd20Sn13; _alloy: Sn 0.393939_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Klein 2015_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015011366) | Table 1, p. 2, row 14; `ORC-TOWQ624THB.0b8006` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.65 Å | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1957_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00595784) | Table 1, p. 2, row 8; `ORC-DFTJNDARKA.22f7c4` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.65 Å | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 7; `ORC-ILXFFDVYZG.bcdfd9` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.635 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Page 2007_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 9; `ORC-N5EZT7JOKN.80376e` |  |
| Lattice a | 5.647 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Page 2007_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 10; `ORC-ZUM5ENUACO.94d458` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.97 Å | 298.15 | Pd3Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.25_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nowotny 1946_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 3; `ORC-3IMXHM33FX` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.967 Å | 298.15 | Pd3Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.25_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Shelton 1981_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 1; `ORC-BZ7VM76NP2` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.976 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | Pd3Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.25_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Ellner 1981_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2881%2990140-5) | Table 1, p. 2, row 4; `ORC-NKRZFWFU74` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.975 Å | 298.15 | Pd3Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.25_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Harris 1968_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2868%2990141-0) | Table 1, p. 2, row 2; `ORC-PJ5HWXFBH2` |  |
| Lattice a | 3.971 Å ± 0.007 | 298.15 | Pd3Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.25_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Woo 1975_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416%2875%2990084-1) | Table 1, p. 2, row 6; `ORC-WST2R2DN6E` |  |
| Lattice a | 12.9475 Å ± 9.000e-4 | 298.15 | Pd5Sn7; _alloy: Sn 0.583333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Romaka 2010_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.01.153) | Table 1, p. 2, row 18; `ORC-BF6DQYVGIS.a25db5` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.1388 Å ± 4.000e-4 | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Laufek 2012_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 17; `ORC-HF2Z6AF66Z.6f51bf` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.126 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kareva 2012_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1134/s0036023612030114) | Table 1, p. 2, row 15; `ORC-K7LBXOTGBV.807435` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.12 Å | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nowotny 1946_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 16; `ORC-TA6SVYD2W5.e20946` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.49 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | PdSn2; _alloy: Sn 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kunnen 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901042-2) | Table 1, p. 2, row 20; `ORC-3DHZFK72CC.fc4d25` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.491 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | PdSn2; _alloy: Sn 0.666667_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 21; `ORC-H2MWQALCSH.fb3a0f` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.49 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | PdSn2; _alloy: Sn 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Hellner 1956_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1956.107.1-2.99) | Table 1, p. 2, row 19; `ORC-XVTPI42VOU.76f23c` |  |
| Lattice a | 17.2 Å | 298.15 | PdSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1958_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00600681) | Table 1, p. 2, row 22; `ORC-F2EA3LTHLP.9047be` |  |
| Lattice a | 17.147 Å ± 0.006 | 298.15 | PdSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 23; `ORC-S3GU7W2WL7.700572` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.426 Å ± 0.012 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1950_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 26; `ORC-5JF64WYHEN.9d0825` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.4415 Å ± 1.000e-4 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kubiak 1985_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2885%2990065-7) | Table 1, p. 2, row 25; `ORC-J2SDCFSCW5.efbd92` |  |
| Lattice a | 6.442 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 24; `ORC-SPGK2G33C7.e9b19a` |  |
| Lattice a | 4.375 Å | 298.15 | γ\_Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kareva 2014_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-014-0299-5) | Table 1, p. 2, row 12; `ORC-V6LKBJWJX4.6e6982` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.31 Å | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1957_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00595784) | Table 1, p. 2, row 8; `ORC-DFTJNDARKA.ae2855` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.31 Å | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 7; `ORC-ILXFFDVYZG.d60ad1` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.283 Å ± 0.003 | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Page 2007_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 9; `ORC-N5EZT7JOKN.2c0cb4` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.294 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Page 2007_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 10; `ORC-ZUM5ENUACO.95ace1` |  |
| Lattice b | 4.3764 Å ± 3.000e-4 | 298.15 | Pd5Sn7; _alloy: Sn 0.583333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Romaka 2010_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.01.153) | Table 1, p. 2, row 18; `ORC-BF6DQYVGIS.f4b10c` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.89226 Å ± 3.000e-5 | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Laufek 2012_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 17; `ORC-HF2Z6AF66Z.5e96f0` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.901 Å ± 0.008 | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kareva 2012_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1134/s0036023612030114) | Table 1, p. 2, row 15; `ORC-K7LBXOTGBV.36ecf7` |  |
| Lattice b | 3.86 Å | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nowotny 1946_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 16; `ORC-TA6SVYD2W5.046018` |  |
| Lattice b | 6.47 Å | 298.15 | PdSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1958_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00600681) | Table 1, p. 2, row 22; `ORC-F2EA3LTHLP.e63ff7` |  |
| Lattice b | 6.458 Å ± 0.003 | 298.15 | PdSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 23; `ORC-S3GU7W2WL7.6349ba` |  |
| Lattice b | 11.495 Å ± 0.006 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1950_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 26; `ORC-5JF64WYHEN.3b88d5` |  |
| Lattice b | 11.4462 Å ± 2.000e-4 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kubiak 1985_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2885%2990065-7) | Table 1, p. 2, row 25; `ORC-J2SDCFSCW5.294565` |  |
| Lattice b | 11.445 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 24; `ORC-SPGK2G33C7.d67d4a` |  |
| Lattice c | 16.9837 Å ± 0.0034 | 298.15 | Pd20Sn13; _alloy: Sn 0.393939_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Sarah 1981_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 13; `ORC-DSOT732PP5.b82adb` |  |
| Lattice c | 16.9004 Å ± 4.000e-4 | 298.15 | Pd20Sn13; _alloy: Sn 0.393939_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Klein 2015_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015011366) | Table 1, p. 2, row 14; `ORC-TOWQ624THB.b0bcec` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.12 Å | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1957_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00595784) | Table 1, p. 2, row 8; `ORC-DFTJNDARKA.90cf6e` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.12 Å | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1959_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 7; `ORC-ILXFFDVYZG.41fde8` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.091 Å ± 0.006 | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Page 2007_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 9; `ORC-N5EZT7JOKN.ca3ebc` |  |
| Lattice c | 8.103 Å ± 0.002 | 298.15 | Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Page 2007_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 10; `ORC-ZUM5ENUACO.c3ff8e` |  |
| Lattice c | 9.5659 Å ± 7.000e-4 | 298.15 | Pd5Sn7; _alloy: Sn 0.583333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Romaka 2010_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.01.153) | Table 1, p. 2, row 18; `ORC-BF6DQYVGIS.e14746` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.3377 Å ± 4.000e-4 | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Laufek 2012_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 17; `ORC-HF2Z6AF66Z.eb4372` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.33 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kareva 2012_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1134/s0036023612030114) | Table 1, p. 2, row 15; `ORC-K7LBXOTGBV.74d2ac` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.31 Å | 298.15 | PdSn; _alloy: Sn 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nowotny 1946_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 16; `ORC-TA6SVYD2W5.807742` |  |
| Lattice c | 24.327 Å ± 0.005 | 298.15 | PdSn2; _alloy: Sn 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kunnen 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901042-2) | Table 1, p. 2, row 20; `ORC-3DHZFK72CC.d6b710` |  |
| Lattice c | 24.353 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | PdSn2; _alloy: Sn 0.666667_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 21; `ORC-H2MWQALCSH.3f2de7` |  |
| Lattice c | 24.378 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | PdSn2; _alloy: Sn 0.666667_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Hellner 1956_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1956.107.1-2.99) | Table 1, p. 2, row 19; `ORC-XVTPI42VOU.634c06` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.5 Å | 298.15 | PdSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1958_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00600681) | Table 1, p. 2, row 22; `ORC-F2EA3LTHLP.609441` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.488 Å ± 0.002 | 298.15 | PdSn3; _alloy: Sn 0.75_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 23; `ORC-S3GU7W2WL7.220ee7` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.397 Å ± 0.012 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Schubert 1950_ | Table 1, p. 2, row 26; `ORC-5JF64WYHEN.93c3d1` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.3888 Å ± 1.000e-4 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kubiak 1985_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2885%2990065-7) | Table 1, p. 2, row 25; `ORC-J2SDCFSCW5.d514c1` |  |
| Lattice c | 6.389 Å ± 0.001 | 298.15 | PdSn4; _alloy: Sn 0.8_ | unspecified | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Nylen 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2003.09.011) | Table 1, p. 2, row 24; `ORC-SPGK2G33C7.3b0368` |  |
| Lattice c | 5.698 Å ± 0.004 | 298.15 | γ\_Pd2Sn; _alloy: Sn 0.333333_ | experimental | [1] Cui 2020; _cites Kareva 2014_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-014-0299-5) | Table 1, p. 2, row 12; `ORC-V6LKBJWJX4.fdb0a6` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Senlin Cui, Jian Wang, Zhimin You, Ralph E. Napolitano, Critical evaluation and thermodynamic modeling of the Pd–Sn system, Intermetallics 126, 106945 (2020). [doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106945](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2020.106945)
2. G. Ghosh, Thermodynamic modeling of the palladium-lead-tin system, Metall Mater Trans A 30, 5-18 (1999). [doi:10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0191-9)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).