# Pd–Y system

> Pd–Y system: 66 accepted literature values (formation 28, invariant reaction 26, phase transition 10, mixing / partial 2) and 1 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote.

HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-Y.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-Y.md

66 accepted literature values from 2 paper(s) (experimental 18, model 48); 1 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/PD-Y.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-Y.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#PD-Y) · [interactive phase diagram](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#PD-Y/PdY-00Du.json) · [phases (15)](https://data.orchid-project.org/phases/pages/PD-Y.html) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/PD-Y.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/PD-Y.md)

Table: Accepted values by evidence class

| Evidence class | Values |
|---|---:|
| experimental | 18 |
| model | 48 |

Table: Accepted values by property group

| Property group | Values |
|---|---:|
| invariant reaction | 26 |
| phase transition | 10 |
| formation | 28 |
| mixing / partial | 2 |

## Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Table: Assessments with a calculated phase diagram

| TDB file | Assessment | SHA-256 | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| PdY-00Du.tdb | Z. Du, H. Yang, C. Li, J. Alloys Compd., 297, 185-91(2000). [doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00582-4](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388%2899%2900582-4) | `d90b41729a78d724a3681a2acc17a09875ad34889671887a107f47222af6a072` | [viewer](https://orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/#PD-Y/PdY-00Du.json) · [TDB](https://orchid-project.org/data/databases/sgte-binary/PdY-00Du.tdb) · [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/phase-diagrams/sgte/PdY-00Du.json) |

Table: Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)

| TDB file | T (K) | Phases at the invariant |
|---|---:|---|
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1751.15 | LIQUID (x(Y) 0.98206) + HCP_A3 (x(Y) 1) + BCC_A2 (x(Y) 1) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1653.06 | PD4Y3 (x(Y) 0.42857) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.45344) + PDY_B2 (x(Y) 0.5) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1653.06 | PD4Y3 (x(Y) 0.42857) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.45336) + PDY_B2 (x(Y) 0.5) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1577.1 | PD3Y_L12 (x(Y) 0.25) + PD2Y (x(Y) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.34845) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1577.1 | PD3Y_L12 (x(Y) 0.25) + PD2Y (x(Y) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.34836) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1546.25 | LIQUID (x(Y) 0.37822) + PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) + PD4Y3 (x(Y) 0.42857) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1546.25 | LIQUID (x(Y) 0.37829) + PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) + PD4Y3 (x(Y) 0.42857) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1516.51 | PD2Y (x(Y) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.36927) + PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1516.51 | PD2Y (x(Y) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.3693) + PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1516.51 | PD2Y (x(Y) 0.33333) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.36923) + PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1476.84 | FCC_A1 (x(Y) 0.12567) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.14359) + PD3Y_L12 (x(Y) 0.20315) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1317.74 | PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) + PD3Y2_LT (x(Y) 0.4) + PD4Y3 (x(Y) 0.42857) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1317.74 | PD2Y (x(Y) 0.33333) + PD3Y2_LT (x(Y) 0.4) + PD3Y2_HT (x(Y) 0.4) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1232.82 | PDY_B2 (x(Y) 0.5016) + PD2Y3 (x(Y) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.63856) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1182.99 | LIQUID (x(Y) 0.74009) + PDY3_D011 (x(Y) 0.75) + HCP_A3 (x(Y) 1) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1182.94 | PD2Y5 (x(Y) 0.71429) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.7396) + PDY3_D011 (x(Y) 0.75) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1181.97 | PD2Y3 (x(Y) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Y) 0.68798) + PD2Y5 (x(Y) 0.71429) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1173.65 | PDY_B2 (x(Y) 0.50065) + PDY_B33 (x(Y) 0.50099) + PD2Y3 (x(Y) 0.6) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1173.65 | PDY_B2 (x(Y) 0.50065) + PDY_B33 (x(Y) 0.50099) + PD2Y3 (x(Y) 0.6) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 1143.46 | PD4Y3 (x(Y) 0.42857) + PDY_B33 (x(Y) 0.5) + PDY_B2 (x(Y) 0.5) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 777.05 | FCC_A1 (x(Y) 0.1145) + PD7Y (x(Y) 0.125) + PD3Y_L12 (x(Y) 0.20821) |
| PdY-00Du.tdb | 777.05 | FCC_A1 (x(Y) 0.1145) + PD7Y (x(Y) 0.125) + PD3Y_L12 (x(Y) 0.20821) |

Convex hulls: [Materials Project DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-mp/PD/PD-Y.json) · [OQMD DFT hull](https://data.orchid-project.org/hulls/dft-oqmd/PD/PD-Y.json)

## Invariant reactions (literature)

Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Pd–Y system (26)

| T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---:|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1752 | Liq.+b.c.c.(Y)->h.c.p.(Y) | Liq.: Y 0.9808; b.c.c.(Y): Y 1; h.c.p.(Y): Y 1 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 1; `ORC-YY4AV47A5C` |  |
| 1751 | Liq.+b.c.c.(Y)->h.c.p.(Y) | Liq.: Y 0.98; b.c.c.(Y): Y 1; h.c.p.(Y): Y 1 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-NCQXB22SJR` |  |
| 1658 | eutectic: Liq.->βPdY+Pd4Y3 | Liq.: Y 0.47; βPdY: Y 0.51; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 16; `ORC-KOJJVDFUMN` |  |
| 1655 | eutectic: Liq.->βPdY+Pd4Y3 | Liq.: Y 0.4535; βPdY: Y 0.5; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 15; `ORC-YHLRGZWDDR` |  |
| 1579 | Liq.+Pd3Y->Pd2Y | Liq.: Y 0.3484; Pd3Y: Y 0.25; Pd2Y: Y 0.333333 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 23; `ORC-ZUX5IXDPFF` |  |
| 1578 | Liq.+Pd3Y->Pd2Y | Liq.: Y 0.34; Pd3Y: Y 0.25; Pd2Y: Y 0.333333 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 24; `ORC-Q3O7YR22VA` |  |
| 1548 | Liq.+Pd4Y3->βPd3Y2 | Liq.: Y 0.3782; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571; βPd3Y2: Y 0.4 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 19; `ORC-ER4OUD7GEN` |  |
| 1547 | Liq.+Pd4Y3->βPd3Y2 | Liq.: Y 0.38; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571; βPd3Y2: Y 0.4 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 20; `ORC-7KNEH2XXHG` |  |
| 1518 | eutectic: Liq.->βPd3Y2+Pd2Y | Liq.: Y 0.37; βPd3Y2: Y 0.4; Pd2Y: Y 0.333333 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 22; `ORC-U2ETOEP44K` |  |
| 1518 | eutectic: Liq.->βPd3Y2+Pd2Y | Liq.: Y 0.3692; βPd3Y2: Y 0.4; Pd2Y: Y 0.333333 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 21; `ORC-XJIAQ4BRA7` |  |
| 1478 | eutectic: Liq.->Pd3Y+f.c.c.(Pd) | Liq.: Y 0.15; Pd3Y: Y 0.205; f.c.c.(Pd): Y 0.13 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 28; `ORC-5XFIR7VI4T` |  |
| 1478 | eutectic: Liq.->Pd3Y+f.c.c.(Pd) | Liq.: Y 0.1436; Pd3Y: Y 0.2031; f.c.c.(Pd): Y 0.1257 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 27; `ORC-LSCPJITNO6` |  |
| 1233 | Liq.+βPdY->Pd2Y3 | Liq.: Y 0.66; βPdY: Y 0.52; Pd2Y3: Y 0.6 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-PYJGSZ5YNQ` |  |
| 1232 | Liq.+βPdY->Pd2Y3 | Liq.: Y 0.6384; βPdY: Y 0.5016; Pd2Y3: Y 0.6 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 11; `ORC-OHN7LPYHDT` |  |
| 1181 | Liq.+h.c.p.(Y)->PdY3 | Liq.: Y 0.745; h.c.p.(Y): Y 1; PdY3: Y 0.75 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 4; `ORC-BIR7HIZYH7` |  |
| 1181 | eutectic: Liq.->Pd2Y5+PdY3 | Liq.: Y 0.7397; Pd2Y5: Y 0.714286; PdY3: Y 0.75 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 5; `ORC-CIQU5EB6ZF.d9b5c0` |  |
| 1181 | Liq.+h.c.p.(Y)->PdY3 | Liq.: Y 0.7405; h.c.p.(Y): Y 1; PdY3: Y 0.75 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 3; `ORC-CIQU5EB6ZF.da0ec8` |  |
| 1180 | eutectic: Liq.->Pd2Y5+Pd2Y3 | Liq.: Y 0.688; Pd2Y5: Y 0.714286; Pd2Y3: Y 0.6 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 9; `ORC-MIJEZMKHTY` |  |
| 1176 | eutectic: Liq.->Pd2Y5+Pd2Y3 | Liq.: Y 0.7; Pd2Y5: Y 0.714286; Pd2Y3: Y 0.6 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 10; `ORC-DN4LEEM5U2` |  |
| 1173 | βPdY+Pd2Y3->αPdY | βPdY: Y 0.5006; Pd2Y3: Y 0.6; αPdY: Y 0.501 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 33; `ORC-J2Y6PQGDIM` |  |
| 1173 | βPdY+Pd2Y3->αPdY | βPdY: Y 0.52; Pd2Y3: Y 0.6; αPdY: Y 0.52 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 34; `ORC-NTK6SR3ZDY` |  |
| 1168 | eutectic: Liq.->Pd2Y5+PdY3 | Liq.: Y 0.73; Pd2Y5: Y 0.714286; PdY3: Y 0.75 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 6; `ORC-26NA5SI37M` |  |
| 1143 | βPdY->Pd4Y3+αPdY | βPdY: Y 0.5; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571; αPdY: Y 0.5 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 35; `ORC-UP44MMGTKS` |  |
| 1143 | βPdY->Pd4Y3+αPdY | βPdY: Y 0.51; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571; αPdY: Y 0.51 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 36; `ORC-UPQYF75XCO` |  |
| 777 | F.c.c.(Pd)+Pd3Y->Pd7Y | F.c.c.(Pd): Y 0.1145; Pd3Y: Y 0.2082; Pd7Y: Y 0.125 | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 29; `ORC-7UJ6IHRR3D` |  |
| 777 | F.c.c.(Pd)+Pd3Y->Pd7Y | F.c.c.(Pd): Y 0.105; Pd3Y: Y 0.21; Pd7Y: Y 0.125 | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 30; `ORC-J4I5IVZA5L` |  |

## Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json).

Table: Enthalpies of formation, Pd–Y system (10)

| Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Pd2Y | [Pd2Y](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd2Y.html) | -94.33 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -58.096 (mp-aaacimin) | -77.774 (oqmd-1435845) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 60; `ORC-VVNLBIPYQ6.6e581c` |  |
| Pd2Y5 |  | -68.548 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-QRN4763C4Q.5c3ecf` |  |
| Pd3Y | [Pd3Y](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Y.html) | -96.08 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -83.156 (mp-aaaaaavn) | -82.911 (oqmd-17986) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-NX4MZBDOSQ.55e70b` |  |
| Pd3Y | [Pd3Y](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd3Y.html) | -58.188 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -83.156 (mp-aaaaaavn) | -82.911 (oqmd-17986) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 72; `ORC-G6I4ZMI2QB.5528c6` |  |
| Pd4Y3 | [Pd4Y3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/Pd4Y3.html) | -92.3 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -89.218 (mp-aaackveh) | -89.174 (oqmd-1437089) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 35; `ORC-U2ZKYZCZIF.561dac` |  |
| Pd7RE |  | -58.188 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-2AZOM5DHZS.94c91a` |  |
| Pd7Y |  | -58.188 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 72; `ORC-G6I4ZMI2QB.422331` |  |
| PdRE3 |  | -62.254 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model |  |  | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-4NLQEFFGDH.d7e326` |  |
| PdY | [PdY](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdY.html) | -90.583 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -87.841 (mp-aaacirdg) | -88.327 (oqmd-1366850) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 22; `ORC-P6SDQMQ7SK.a8ab39` |  |
| PdY3 | [PdY3](https://data.orchid-project.org/compounds/PdY3.html) | -62.254 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | model | -45.639 (mp-aaacqsqz) | -45.911 (oqmd-1437344) | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 67; `ORC-CIWAB2XKA7.094612` |  |

## Other properties

### Phase transition (10)

Table: Phase transition, Pd–Y system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase transition | 1185 K | 1185 | Liq.->Pd2Y5; _Liq.: Y 0.714286; Pd2Y5: Y 0.714286_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 7; `ORC-7XGF22Y5KM` |  |
| Phase transition | 1188 K | 1188 | Liq.->Pd2Y5; _Liq.: Y 0.714286; Pd2Y5: Y 0.714286_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 8; `ORC-R44CO6HITC` |  |
| Phase transition | 1318 K | 1318 | αPd3Y2->βPd3Y2; _αPd3Y2: Y 0.4; βPd3Y2: Y 0.4_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 31; `ORC-HUQUKZACP2` |  |
| Phase transition | 1318 K | 1318 | αPd3Y2->βPd3Y2; _αPd3Y2: Y 0.4; βPd3Y2: Y 0.4_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 32; `ORC-LTFXGUWRY5` |  |
| Phase transition | 1683 K | 1683 | Liq.->Pd4Y3; _Liq.: Y 0.428571; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 18; `ORC-YAOIQZKHHM` |  |
| Phase transition | 1684 K | 1684 | Liq.->Pd4Y3; _Liq.: Y 0.428571; Pd4Y3: Y 0.428571_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 17; `ORC-GZ6S6PQQTL` |  |
| Phase transition | 1723 K | 1723 | Liq.->βPdY; _Liq.: Y 0.5; βPdY: Y 0.5_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 14; `ORC-7T5TESNXEE` |  |
| Phase transition | 1724 K | 1724 | Liq.->βPdY; _Liq.: Y 0.4985; βPdY: Y 0.5_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 13; `ORC-W6NELBXZCC` |  |
| Phase transition | 1973 K | 1973 | Liq.->Pd3Y; _Liq.: Y 0.25; Pd3Y: Y 0.25_ | experimental | [1] Du 2000; _cites Loebich 1973_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088%2873%2990006-4) | Table 2, p. 5, row 26; `ORC-CQ5M5KOVKS` |  |
| Phase transition | 1973 K | 1973 | Liq.->Pd3Y; _Liq.: Y 0.249; Pd3Y: Y 0.25_ | model | [1] Du 2000 | Table 2, p. 5, row 25; `ORC-QO5X7KMNDC` |  |

### Formation (18)

Table: Formation, Pd–Y system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 8.189 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd2Y; _alloy: Pd 0.666667, Y 0.333333_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 60; `ORC-VVNLBIPYQ6.0be8f0` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 13.686 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd2Y5; _alloy: Pd 0.285714, Y 0.714286_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-QRN4763C4Q.3c5e00` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 12.943 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd3Y; _alloy: Pd 0.75, Y 0.25_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 72; `ORC-G6I4ZMI2QB.cccd3d` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 12.51 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd3Y; _alloy: Pd 0.75, Y 0.25_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-NX4MZBDOSQ.36c77d` |  |
| Entropy of formation | 4.396 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd4Y3; _alloy: Pd 0.571429, Y 0.428571_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 35; `ORC-U2ZKYZCZIF.cdcb3c` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: Entropies of formation_ | 12.943 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd7RE; _alloy: Pd 0.875, Y 0.125_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-2AZOM5DHZS.392ced` |  |
| Entropy of formation | 12.943 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | Pd7Y; _alloy: Pd 0.875, Y 0.125_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 72; `ORC-G6I4ZMI2QB.30c4a6` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: Entropies of formation_ | 13.89 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | PdRE3; _alloy: Pd 0.25, Y 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-4NLQEFFGDH.c8aeca` |  |
| Entropy of formation | 4.145 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | PdY; _alloy: Pd 0.5, Y 0.5_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 22; `ORC-P6SDQMQ7SK.59aedd` |  |
| Entropy of formation; _printed: ΔfS_ | 13.89 J/mol-atom/K | 298.15 | PdY3; _alloy: Pd 0.25, Y 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 67; `ORC-CIWAB2XKA7.c962dd` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -96.7716 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd2Y; _alloy: Pd 0.666667, Y 0.333333_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 60; `ORC-VVNLBIPYQ6.3ba230` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -72.6285 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd2Y5; _alloy: Pd 0.285714, Y 0.714286_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 12; `ORC-QRN4763C4Q.5c4410` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -62.047 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd3Y; _alloy: Pd 0.75, Y 0.25_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 72; `ORC-G6I4ZMI2QB.5018f3` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: ΔfG_ | -99.8098 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd3Y; _alloy: Pd 0.75, Y 0.25_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 2; `ORC-NX4MZBDOSQ.9c888d` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -93.6107 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd4Y3; _alloy: Pd 0.571429, Y 0.428571_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 35; `ORC-U2ZKYZCZIF.73e661` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -62.047 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd7Y; _alloy: Pd 0.875, Y 0.125_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 72; `ORC-G6I4ZMI2QB.2a6992` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -91.8188 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | PdY; _alloy: Pd 0.5, Y 0.5_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 22; `ORC-P6SDQMQ7SK.b2df18` |  |
| Gibbs energy of formation; _printed: Gibbs free energy of formation_ | -66.3953 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | PdY3; _alloy: Pd 0.25, Y 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 5, row 67; `ORC-CIWAB2XKA7.2a11c6` |  |

### Mixing / partial (2)

Table: Mixing / partial, Pd–Y system

| Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gibbs energy of mixing; _printed: Gibbs free Energies_ | -62.047 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | Pd7RE; _alloy: Pd 0.875, Y 0.125_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 6; `ORC-2AZOM5DHZS.44c074` |  |
| Gibbs energy of mixing; _printed: Gibbs free Energies_ | -66.3953 kJ/mol-atom | 298.15 | PdY3; _alloy: Pd 0.25, Y 0.75_ | model | [2] Kardellass 2020; _cites Du 2000_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2800%2901144-0) | Table 3, p. 6, row 1; `ORC-4NLQEFFGDH.73191c` |  |

## Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

1. Z. Du, H. Yang, C. Li, Thermodynamic modeling of the Pd–Y system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 297, 185-191 (2000). [doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(99)00582-4](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388%2899%2900582-4)
2. Said Kardellass, Colette Servant, Isabelle Drouelle, Fatima Zahra Chrifi-Alaoui, Mohamed Idbenali, Alyen Abahazem et al., Calphad-type assessment of the Pd-Yb binary system supported by first-principles calculations – Part II: Results, Materials Today: Proceedings 24, 140-150 (2020). [doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.196](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.08.196)

## Please cite

- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891
- R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0).

Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

```bibtex
@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}
```

---

Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\<id>, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).