# Tm system > Tm system: 13 accepted literature values (crystal structure 7, phase transition 3, formation 2, invariant reaction 1) and 0 calculated phase diagram(s) from ORCHID, each value with evidence class, source, page and quote. HTML: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/TM.html · Markdown: https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/TM.md 13 accepted literature values from 3 paper(s) (experimental 3, model 5, DFT 2, unspecified 3); 0 calculated phase diagram(s). 1 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV. Data: [JSON](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/systems/TM.json) · [CSV](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/TM.csv) · [interactive explorer](https://orchid-project.org/data-explorer/#TM) · [papers (bibliography)](https://data.orchid-project.org/bibliography/pages/systems/TM.html) · [Markdown](https://data.orchid-project.org/systems/TM.md) Table: Accepted values by evidence class | Evidence class | Values | |---|---:| | experimental | 3 | | model | 5 | | DFT | 2 | | unspecified | 3 | Table: Accepted values by property group | Property group | Values | |---|---:| | invariant reaction | 1 | | phase transition | 3 | | formation | 2 | | crystal structure | 7 | ## Invariant reactions (literature) Table: Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Tm system (1) | T (K) | Reaction / phases | Compositions (mole fraction) | Class | Source | Location | Quote | |---:|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 1793.15 | metatectic/catatectic: L + (betaTm) \<-> (alphaTm) | L: Tm 1; (betaTm): Tm 1; (alphaTm): Tm 1 | experimental | [1] Kardellass 2014; _cites Okamoto 1993_ | Table 8, p. 10, row 31; `ORC-YBDVSEZUML` | | ## Formation enthalpies Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from [dft_parity.json](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/dft_parity.json). Table: Enthalpies of formation, Tm system (2) | Phase | Compound | Value | T (K) | Class | MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom) | Source | Location | Quote | |---|---|---:|---:|---|---:|---:|---|---|---| | Tm (fcc) | | -2.68 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT | | | [2] Dong 2012; _cites Wang 2004_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2004.05.002) | Table 1, p. 2, row 34; `ORC-4PDQOWDB7L.0dddc7` | | | Tm (fcc) | | -2.68 kJ/mol-atom | 0 | DFT | | | [2] Dong 2012 | Table 1, p. 2, row 33; `ORC-UXELG6XSUA.0127a1` | | ## Other properties ### Phase transition (3) Table: Phase transition, Tm system | Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote | |---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---| | Phase transition | 1793.15 K | 1793.15 | polymorphic: alphaTm \<-> betaTm; _alphaTm: Tm 1; betaTm: Tm 1_ | experimental | [1] Kardellass 2014; _cites Okamoto 1993_ | Table 8, p. 10, row 32; `ORC-NPSN6M7YIT` | | | Phase transition | 1818.15 K | 1818.15 | congruent melting: L \<-> (betaTm); _L: Tm 1; (betaTm): Tm 1_ | model | [1] Kardellass 2014 | Table 8, p. 10, row 34; `ORC-SEUL57R272.aadaf2` | | | Phase transition | 1818.15 K | 1818.15 | congruent melting: L \<-> (betaTm); _L: Tm 1; (betaTm): Tm 1_ | experimental | [1] Kardellass 2014; _cites Okamoto 1993_ | Table 8, p. 10, row 33; `ORC-SRAZMVNSWA` | | ### Crystal structure (7) Table: Crystal structure, Tm system | Property | Value | T (K) | Phases / composition | Class | Source | Location | Quote | |---|---:|---:|---|---|---|---|---| | Lattice a | 3.558 Å | | Tm; _Tm: Tm 1_ | model | [3] Djaballah 2015 | Table 1, p. 2, row 23; `ORC-BV5CW33UWI.19ee63` | | | Lattice a | 3.536 Å | 298.15 | Tm; _Tm: Tm 1_ | unspecified | [3] Djaballah 2015; _cites Daou 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/13/6/007) | Table 1, p. 2, row 22; `ORC-6TIBJYEHKE.8f1a50` | | | Lattice a; _printed: a_ | 4.918 Å | 298.15 | Tm (fcc); _alloy: Tm 1_ | model | [2] Dong 2012 | Table 1, p. 2, row 35; `ORC-3VOTSAARLF` | | | Lattice b | 3.558 Å | | Tm; _Tm: Tm 1_ | model | [3] Djaballah 2015 | Table 1, p. 2, row 23; `ORC-BV5CW33UWI.3cd058` | | | Lattice b | 3.536 Å | 298.15 | Tm; _Tm: Tm 1_ | unspecified | [3] Djaballah 2015; _cites Daou 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/13/6/007) | Table 1, p. 2, row 22; `ORC-6TIBJYEHKE.c4536e` | | | Lattice c | 5.523 Å | | Tm; _Tm: Tm 1_ | model | [3] Djaballah 2015 | Table 1, p. 2, row 23; `ORC-BV5CW33UWI.94da6a` | | | Lattice c | 5.556 Å | 298.15 | Tm; _Tm: Tm 1_ | unspecified | [3] Djaballah 2015; _cites Daou 1983_ [doi](https://doi.org/10.1088/0305-4608/13/6/007) | Table 1, p. 2, row 22; `ORC-6TIBJYEHKE.642566` | | ## Sources Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row). 1. S. Kardellass, C. Servant, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, Thermodynamic evaluations of the iron–lutetium and iron–thulium systems, Calphad 46, 42-54 (2014). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2014.01.003](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2014.01.003) 2. H.Q. Dong, X.M. Tao, T. Laurila, M. Paulasto-Kröckel, Thermodynamic assessment of Au–Ho and Au–Tm binary systems, Calphad 37, 87-93 (2012). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2012.02.002](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2012.02.002) 3. Y. Djaballah, A. Said Amer, Ş. Uğur, G. Uğur, A. Hidoussi, A. Belgacem-Bouzida, Thermodynamic description of the Bi–Cs and Bi–Tm system supported by first-principles calculations, Calphad 48, 72-78 (2015). [doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2014.11.002](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2014.11.002) ## Please cite - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569 - R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065 Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes. ```bibtex @misc{orchid_literature_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } @misc{orchid_data_2026, author = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon}, title = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}}, version = {2026.10}, publisher = {Zenodo}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065}, note = {Version 1, machine-extracted} } ``` --- Derived data CC BY 4.0 ([licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)): cite ORCHID ([CITATION.cff](https://data.orchid-project.org/CITATION.cff)) and the original sources. Quotes are short excerpts kept so that each value can be checked; they remain under the publishers' copyright and are not relicensed. Source papers, page images and full text are not redistributed. Field reference: [SCHEMA.md](https://data.orchid-project.org/literature/SCHEMA.md). Machine-readable guide: [llms.txt](https://data.orchid-project.org/llms.txt). Found an error? The report link of a value (Markdown: its id, ORC-..., in the Location column) opens a pre-filled GitHub issue, https://github.com/orchid-calphad/orchid-data/issues/new?template=report-value-error.yml&record_id=\, carrying only the record id, source and value; [how to contribute](https://orchid-project.org/contribute/).