Y system

56 accepted literature values from 12 paper(s) (experimental 20, model 20, DFT 4, unspecified 12); 0 calculated phase diagram(s).

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Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	20
model	20
DFT	4
unspecified	12

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	11
phase transition	11
formation	2
crystal structure	32

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Y system (11)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location
1795.15	Liq ↔ βY	Liq: Y 1	model	[1] Kardellass 2014	Table 7, p. 8, row 53 report
1795.15	Liq ↔ βY	Liq: Y 1; βY: Y 1	experimental	[1] Kardellass 2014 cites Gschneider 1961	Table 7, p. 8, row 52 report
1793.15	Liq ↔ βY	Liq: Y 1; βY: Y 1	experimental	[1] Kardellass 2014 cites Gschneider 1961	Table 7, p. 8, row 51 report
1758.15	L + βY <-> αY	L: Y 0.9994; βY: Y 0.983; αY: Y 0.997	unspecified	[2] Chan 2010 cites Massalski 1990	Table 4, p. 7, row 5 report
1758.15	L + βY <-> αY	L: Y 0.9994; βY: Y 0.9821; αY: Y 0.998	model	[2] Chan 2010	Table 4, p. 7, row 6 report
1756	peritectic: βY → αY+L	βY: Y 0.9974; αY: Y 0.9826; L: Y 0.9973	model	[3] Fan 2021 cites Saenko 2017 doi	Table 2, p. 4, row 42 report
1752	polymorphic: hcp-A3 <=> bcc-A2	hcp-A3: Y 1; bcc-A2: Y 1	model	[4] (ed.) 1998	Table I, p. 200, row 7 report
1751.15	polymorphic: βY ↔ αY	αY: Y 1	experimental	[5] Wang 2009 cites Gschneidner 1983 doi	Table 3, p. 3, row 4 report
1751.15	polymorphic: βY ↔ αY	αY: Y 1	model	[5] Wang 2009	Table 3, p. 3, row 5 report
1751	β-Y -> α-Y	α-Y: Y 1	model	[6] Golumbfskie 2006	Table 2, p. 2, row 33 report
1751	β-Y -> α-Y	α-Y: Y 1	experimental	[6] Golumbfskie 2006 cites Gschneidner 1986 doi	Table 2, p. 2, row 34 report

Formation enthalpies

Literature values in kJ/mol-atom where the per-atom basis is known. DFT columns: the lowest-energy entry at the same composition (Materials Project 2026.04.13, OQMD v1.8; different energy references, never averaged), from dft_parity.json.

Enthalpies of formation, Y system (2)
Phase	Compound	Value	T (K)	Class	MP DFT (kJ/mol-atom)	OQMD DFT (kJ/mol-atom)	Source	Location	Quote
Y (hcp)		0 kJ/mol-atom	0	unspecified			[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 5, row 4 report
hcp		0 kJ/mol (basis unstated)	0	unspecified			[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 5, row 4 report

Other properties

Phase transition (11)

Phase transition, Y system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Phase transition	1733.15 K	1733.15	polymorphic: βY <-> αY βY: Y 1	experimental	[5] Wang 2009 cites Beaudry 1963	Table 5, p. 5, row 13 report
Phase transition	1751.15 K	1751.15	polymorphic: βY -> αY βY: Y 1	experimental	[8] Wang 2010 cites Spedding 1973 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 6 report
Phase transition	1751.15 K	1751.15	polymorphic: βY -> αY βY: Y 1	model	[8] Wang 2010	Table 5, p. 4, row 8 report
Phase transition	1751.15 K	1751.15	polymorphic: βY -> αY βY: Y 1	experimental	[8] Wang 2010 cites Gschneidner 1983 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 7 report
Phase transition	1751.15 K	1751.15	polymorphic: βY <-> αY βY: Y 1	unspecified	[5] Wang 2009 cites Beaudry 1978	Table 5, p. 5, row 14 report
Phase transition	1751.15 K	1751.15	polymorphic: βY <-> αY βY: Y 1	model	[5] Wang 2009	Table 5, p. 5, row 15 report
Phase transition	1753.15 K	1753.15	polymorphic: βY -> αY βY: Y 1	experimental	[8] Wang 2010 cites Markova 1964	Table 5, p. 4, row 5 report
Phase transition	1788.15 K	1788.15	congruent melting: L -> βY L: Y 1	experimental	[8] Wang 2010 cites Markova 1964	Table 5, p. 4, row 1 report
Phase transition	1795.15 K	1795.15	congruent melting: L -> βY L: Y 1	experimental	[8] Wang 2010 cites Spedding 1973 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 2 report
Phase transition	1795.15 K	1795.15	congruent melting: L -> βY L: Y 1	model	[8] Wang 2010	Table 5, p. 4, row 4 report
Phase transition	1795.15 K	1795.15	congruent melting: L -> βY L: Y 1	experimental	[8] Wang 2010 cites Gschneidner 1983 doi	Table 5, p. 4, row 3 report

Crystal structure (32)

Crystal structure, Y system
Property	Value	T (K)	Phases / composition	Class	Source	Location
Lattice a	3.654 Å		Y alloy: Y 1	model	[9] Zacherl 2010 cites Wang 2004 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 5 report
Lattice a	3.656 Å		Y alloy: Y 1	DFT	[9] Zacherl 2010	Table 1, p. 3, row 6 report
Lattice a printed: a	3.6631 Å	0	hcp alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 5, row 4 report
Lattice a printed: a	3.6636 Å	0	hcp alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 5, row 4 report
Lattice a	3.656 Å		αY alloy: Y 1	model	[3] Fan 2021 cites Zacherl 2010 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 8 report
Lattice a	3.659 Å	0	αY alloy: Y 1	DFT	[3] Fan 2021	Table 1, p. 3, row 6 report
Lattice a	3.645 Å	298.15	(αY) alloy: Y 1	experimental	[10] Tang 2012 cites Hanak 1961 doi	Table 4, p. 5, row 16 report
Lattice a	4.122 Å	298.15	(βY) alloy: Y 1	experimental	[10] Tang 2012 cites Kaul 1976 doi	Table 4, p. 5, row 15 report
Lattice a	3.65 Å	298.15	Y alloy: Y 1	experimental	[9] Zacherl 2010 cites Kittel 2005	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Lattice a	3.6636 not_printed	298.15	α-Y alloy: Y 1	experimental	[7] Peng 2020 cites Beaudry 1975 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Lattice a	3.6474 Å	298.15	αY alloy: Y 1	model	[11] Hu 2018 cites Villars 1997	Table 1, p. 2, row 4 report
Lattice a	3.652 Å	298.15	αY alloy: Y 1	experimental	[3] Fan 2021 cites Evans 1960 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 7 report
Lattice a	4.04 Å	298.15	βY alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[12] Vasslliev 1993 cites Gschneidner 1986	Table 1, p. 1, row 3 report
Lattice a	4.07 Å	298.15	βY alloy: Y 1	model	[11] Hu 2018 cites Villars 1997	Table 1, p. 2, row 5 report
Lattice a	4.11 Å	1500	βY alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[12] Vasslliev 1993 cites Gschneidner 1986	Table 1, p. 1, row 2 report
Lattice a	3.6482 Å	1751.15 (<)	αY alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[12] Vasslliev 1993 cites Gschneidner 1986	Table 1, p. 1, row 1 report
Lattice b	3.6474 Å	298.15	αY alloy: Y 1	model	[11] Hu 2018 cites Villars 1997	Table 1, p. 2, row 4 report
Lattice b	4.07 Å	298.15	βY alloy: Y 1	model	[11] Hu 2018 cites Villars 1997	Table 1, p. 2, row 5 report
Lattice c	5.649 Å		Y alloy: Y 1	model	[9] Zacherl 2010 cites Wang 2004 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 5 report
Lattice c	5.679 Å		Y alloy: Y 1	DFT	[9] Zacherl 2010	Table 1, p. 3, row 6 report
Lattice c printed: c	5.79 Å	0	hcp alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 5, row 4 report
Lattice c printed: c	5.8147 Å	0	hcp alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 5, row 4 report
Lattice c	5.679 Å		αY alloy: Y 1	model	[3] Fan 2021 cites Zacherl 2010 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 8 report
Lattice c	5.678 Å	0	αY alloy: Y 1	DFT	[3] Fan 2021	Table 1, p. 3, row 6 report
Lattice c	5.73 Å	298.15	(αY) alloy: Y 1	experimental	[10] Tang 2012 cites Hanak 1961 doi	Table 4, p. 5, row 16 report
Lattice c	5.73 Å	298.15	Y alloy: Y 1	experimental	[9] Zacherl 2010 cites Kittel 2005	Table 1, p. 3, row 4 report
Lattice c	5.79 not_printed	298.15	α-Y alloy: Y 1	experimental	[7] Peng 2020 cites Beaudry 1975 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 1 report
Lattice c	5.7306 Å	298.15	αY alloy: Y 1	model	[11] Hu 2018 cites Villars 1997	Table 1, p. 2, row 4 report
Lattice c	5.711 Å	298.15	αY alloy: Y 1	experimental	[3] Fan 2021 cites Evans 1960 doi	Table 1, p. 3, row 7 report
Lattice c	4.07 Å	298.15	βY alloy: Y 1	model	[11] Hu 2018 cites Villars 1997	Table 1, p. 2, row 5 report
Lattice c	5.7318 Å	1751.15 (<)	αY alloy: Y 1	unspecified	[12] Vasslliev 1993 cites Gschneidner 1986	Table 1, p. 1, row 1 report
Molar volume printed: V0	65.8922 Å3		hcp alloy: Y 1	model	[7] Peng 2020	Table 4, p. 4, row 4 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

S. Kardellass, C. Servant, N. Selhaoui, A. Iddaoudi, M. Ait Amar, L. Bouirden, A thermodynamic assessment of the iron–yttrium system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 583, 598-606 (2014). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.07.010
Wren Chan, Michael C. Gao, Ömer N. Doğan, Paul King, Thermodynamic Assessment of V-Rare Earth Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 31, 425-432 (2010). doi:10.1007/s11669-010-9779-4
Ling Fan, Chen Shen, Kun Hu, Huashan Liu, Hongbin Zhang, DFT Calculations and Thermodynamic Re-Assessment of the Fe-Y Binary System, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 42, 348-362 (2021). doi:10.1007/s11669-021-00887-9
I. Ansara, A. T. Dinsdale, M. H. Rand (eds.), COST 507: Thermochemical database for light metal alloys, Volume 2, EUR 18499 EN, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg (1998), ISBN 92-828-3902-8.
S.L. Wang, C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Ag–Y and Sc–Y systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 476, 187-192 (2009). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.09.053
William Golumbfskie, Zi-Kui Liu, CALPHAD/first-principles re-modeling of the Co–Y binary system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 407, 193-200 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.06.037
Jiaqing Peng, Ming Wu, Fu Du, Fengli Yang, Jianyun Shen, Lijun Wang et al., Thermodynamic modelling of Y–H and Y–Zr–H system aided by first-principles and its application in bulk hydride moderator fabrication, Journal of Nuclear Materials 531, 152035 (2020). doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152035
S.L. Wang, C.P. Wang, X.J. Liu, A.T. Tang, F.S. Pan, K. Ishida, Thermodynamic assessments of the Ag–Er and Er–Y systems, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 490, 145-149 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.039
C. Zacherl, J. Saal, Y. Wang, Z.K. Liu, First-principles calculations and thermodynamic modeling of the Re–Y system with extension to the Ni–Re–Y system, Intermetallics 18, 2412-2418 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2010.08.032
Cai Tang, Biao Hu, Yong Du, Dongdong Zhao, Peng Zhou, Feng Zheng et al., Thermodynamic modeling of the Hf–Sn and Sn–Y systems, Calphad 39, 91-96 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2012.09.003
J.L. Hu, H. Bo, L.B. Liu, Z.P. Jin, Thermodynamic study of the Al-Sc-Y system, Thermochimica Acta 661, 147-159 (2018). doi:10.1016/j.tca.2018.01.018
V. Vasslliev, M. Gambino, J. P. Bros, G. Borzone, G. Cacciamani, R. Ferro, Thermodynamic investigation and optimization of the Y-Pb alloy system, JPE 14, 142-149 (1993). doi:10.1007/bf02667801

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}