Ge–Nb phases

9 phases (tier A 8, liquid 1); 7 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Ge–Nb system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Ge–Nb system (9)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
DIAMOND_A4 phase:ge-nb:a4-diamond	C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Nb) 0–0.00315	4	2
BCC_A2 phase:ge-nb:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–4000 K, x(Nb) 0.88885–1	5	2
FCC_A1 phase:ge-nb:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
GE2NB_C40 phase:ge-nb:ge2nb-c40	CrSi2 · C40 · hP9 · P6_222 (180)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1951.79 K, x(Nb) 0.3283–0.34016	13	2
GE2NB3_D88 phase:ge-nb:ge2nb3-d88	Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2291.56 K, x(Nb) 0.56993–0.58988	4	1
GE3NB5_D8M phase:ge-nb:ge3nb5-d8m	W5Si3 · D8_m · tI32 · I4/mcm (140)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2453.08 K, x(Nb) 0.60395–0.63035	15	2
GENB3_A15 phase:ge-nb:genb3-a15	Cr3Si · A15 · cP8 · Pm-3n (223)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2176.65 K, x(Nb) 0.76095–0.82046	10	2
HCP_A3 phase:ge-nb:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
LIQUID phase:ge-nb:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 1210.78–4000 K, x(Nb) 0–1	30	2

DIAMOND_A4 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:a4-diamond; status assigned
Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type st:a4-c-diamond-cf8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1211.4 K, x(Nb) 0–0.00315
Literature: 4 values (4 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:a4-diamond
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:Diamond-(Ge)
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:DIAMOND_A4

TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

48: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
49: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE% NB : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

44: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
45: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : GE% NB : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase

BCC_A2 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–4000 K, x(Nb) 0.88885–1
Literature: 5 values (5 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:bcc-a2
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:Bcc-(Nb)
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

38: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
39: CONST BCC_A2 : GE NB% : VA : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

34: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
35: CONST BCC_A2 : GE NB% : VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0022-5088(78)90013-9 J.L Jorda, R Flükiger, J Müller, The phase diagram of the niobium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 62, 25-37 (1978).
cited as the source of values for this phase

FCC_A1 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:fcc-a1
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

33: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
34: CONST FCC_A1 : GE NB : VA : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

29: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
30: CONST FCC_A1 : GE NB : VA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase

GE2NB_C40 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:ge2nb-c40; status assigned
Structure: CrSi2 · C40 · hP9 · P6_222 (180); type st:c40-crsi2-hp9; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in GeNb-11Gen.tdb also describes the disordered state
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in GeNb-17Utt.tdb also describes the disordered state
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1951.79 K, x(Nb) 0.3283–0.34016
Literature: 13 values (13 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:ge2nb-c40
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:(NbGe2)
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:GE2NB_C40, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:GE2NB_C40

TDB models of GE2NB_C40 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: GE2NB_C40, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

53: PHASE GE2NB_C40 % 2 2 1 !
54: CONST GE2NB_C40 : GE% NB : GE NB% : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: GE2NB_C40, type code %, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

49: PHASE GE2NB_C40 % 2 2 1 !
50: CONST GE2NB_C40 : GE% NB : GE NB% : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0022-5088(78)90013-9 J.L Jorda, R Flükiger, J Müller, The phase diagram of the niobium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 62, 25-37 (1978).
cited as the source of values for this phase

GE2NB3_D88 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:ge2nb3-d88; status assigned
Structure: Mn5Si3 · D8_8 · hP16 · P6_3/mcm (193); type st:d8-8-mn5si3-hp16; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Caveat: partitioned order/disorder model in GeNb-11Gen.tdb also describes the disordered state
Stability: stable in 1 of 1 calculated diagram(s): 300–2291.56 K, x(Nb) 0.56993–0.58988
Literature: 4 values (4 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:ge2nb3-d88
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:(Nb3Ge2)
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:GE2NB3_D88

TDB models of GE2NB3_D88 (1): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: GE2NB3_D88, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

58: PHASE GE2NB3_D88 % 4 2 3 3 1 !
59: CONST GE2NB3_D88 : GE NB% : GE% NB : NB : GE VA : !

Example references (1 of 1; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase

GE3NB5_D8M (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:ge3nb5-d8m; status assigned
Structure: W5Si3 · D8_m · tI32 · I4/mcm (140); type st:d8-m-w5si3-ti32; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2453.08 K, x(Nb) 0.60395–0.63035
Literature: 15 values (15 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:ge3nb5-d8m
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:(Nb5Ge3)
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:GE3NB5_D8M, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:GE3NB5_D8M

TDB models of GE3NB5_D8M (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: GE3NB5_D8M, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

63: PHASE GE3NB5_D8M % 3 4 1 3 !
64: CONST GE3NB5_D8M : NB : GE NB% : GE% VA : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: GE3NB5_D8M, type code %, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

54: PHASE GE3NB5_D8M % 3 4 1 3 !
55: CONST GE3NB5_D8M : NB : GE NB% : GE% VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0022-5088(78)90013-9 J.L Jorda, R Flükiger, J Müller, The phase diagram of the niobium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 62, 25-37 (1978).
cited as the source of values for this phase

GENB3_A15 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:genb3-a15; status assigned
Structure: Cr3Si · A15 · cP8 · Pm-3n (223); type st:a15-cr3si-cp8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2176.65 K, x(Nb) 0.76095–0.82046
Literature: 10 values (10 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:genb3-a15
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:(Nb3Ge)
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:GENB3_A15, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:GENB3_A15

TDB models of GENB3_A15 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: GENB3_A15, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

68: PHASE GENB3_A15 % 2 1 3 !
69: CONST GENB3_A15 : GE% NB VA : NB : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: GENB3_A15, type code %, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

59: PHASE GENB3_A15 % 2 1 3 !
60: CONST GENB3_A15 : GE% NB : NB : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0022-5088(78)90013-9 J.L Jorda, R Flükiger, J Müller, The phase diagram of the niobium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 62, 25-37 (1978).
cited as the source of values for this phase

HCP_A3 (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:hcp-a3
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

43: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
44: CONST HCP_A3 : GE NB : VA : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

39: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
40: CONST HCP_A3 : GE NB : VA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase

LIQUID (Ge–Nb)

Id: phase:ge-nb:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 1210.78–4000 K, x(Nb) 0–1
Literature: 30 values (30 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ge-nb:liquid
paper: paper:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005:L
tdb: tdb:GeNb-11Gen.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:GeNb-17Utt.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

GeNb-11Gen.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 55314e2cadc330d9…

28: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
29: CONST LIQUID:L : GE NB : !

GeNb-17Utt.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 0c86fa883ab70ed8…

24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
25: CONST LIQUID:L : GE NB : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.005 Tai Geng, Changrong Li, Zhenmin Du, Cuiping Guo, Xinqing Zhao, Huibin Xu, Thermodynamic assessment of the Nb–Ge system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, 3080-3088 (2011).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.279 Claire A. Utton, Ioannis Papadimitriou, Hajime Kinoshita, Panos Tsakiropoulos, Experimental and thermodynamic assessment of the Ge-Nb-Si ternary phase diagram, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 717, 303-316 (2017).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/0022-5088(78)90013-9 J.L Jorda, R Flükiger, J Müller, The phase diagram of the niobium-germanium system, Journal of the Less Common Metals 62, 25-37 (1978).
cited as the source of values for this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}