Ru–Sn phases

8 phases (tier A 6, tier C 1, liquid 1); 5 stable in a calculated diagram. Structure types are assigned only when the stored evidence supports an assignment under the stated tier rules (tier A: standard phase name; tier B: unique Materials Project + OQMD on-hull match, DFT-supported; tier C: one structure stated by the assessment's crystallographic table, assessor-stated); other phases list candidates and are marked needs_review. Stability is from phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad from the SGTE binary collection (evidence class: model).

Data: interactive registry · full JSON · Ru–Sn system page · Markdown · field reference

Phases of the Ru–Sn system (8)
Phase	Structure	Basis	Stability (calculated)	Literature values	TDB models
DIAMOND_A4 phase:ru-sn:a4-diamond	C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
BCT_A5 phase:ru-sn:a5-bct	beta-Sn · A5 · tI4 · I4_1/amd (141)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–505.08 K, x(Sn) 1–1	2	2
BCC_A2 phase:ru-sn:bcc-a2	W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
FCC_A1 phase:ru-sn:fcc-a1	Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225)	tier A: standard phase name	not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)	0	2
HCP_A3 phase:ru-sn:hcp-a3	Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2635.71 K, x(Sn) 0–0.02449	2	2
LIQUID phase:ru-sn:liquid	liquid	liquid	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 505.08–4000 K, x(Sn) 0–1	229	2
RU2SN3 phase:ru-sn:ru2sn3	Ru2Sn3 · tP20 · P-4c2 (116)	tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table)	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1535.35 K, x(Sn) 0.6–0.6	4	2
RU3SN7_D8F phase:ru-sn:ru3sn7-d8f	Ru3Sn7 · D8_f · cI40 · Im-3m (229)	tier A: standard phase name	stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1529.95 K, x(Sn) 0.7–0.7	6	2

DIAMOND_A4 (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:a4-diamond; status assigned
Structure: C (diamond) · A4 · cF8 · Fd-3m (227); type st:a4-c-diamond-cf8; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Sn 1.0000
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:a4-diamond
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:DIAMOND_A4, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:DIAMOND_A4

TDB models of DIAMOND_A4 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

44: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
45: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: DIAMOND_A4, type code %, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

46: PHASE DIAMOND_A4 % 1 1 !
47: CONST DIAMOND_A4 : SN : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

BCT_A5 (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:a5-bct; status assigned
Structure: beta-Sn · A5 · tI4 · I4_1/amd (141); type st:a5-beta-sn-ti4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stoichiometry: Sn 1.0000
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–505.08 K, x(Sn) 1–1
Literature: 2 values (2 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (5): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:a5-bct, corpus:phase:ru-sn:bct-a5
paper: paper:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7:bct(Sn)
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:BCT_A5, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:BCT_A5

TDB models of BCT_A5 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

49: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
50: CONST BCT_A5 : SN : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: BCT_A5, type code %, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

51: PHASE BCT_A5 % 1 1 !
52: CONST BCT_A5 : SN : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(96)02396-1 L. Perring, P. Feschotte, F. Bussy, J.C. Gachon, The ruthenium-tin system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 245, 157-163 (1996).
cited as the source of values for this phase

BCC_A2 (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:bcc-a2; status assigned
Structure: W · A2 · cI2 · Im-3m (229); type st:a2-w-ci2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:bcc-a2
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:BCC_A2, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:BCC_A2

TDB models of BCC_A2 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

34: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
35: CONST BCC_A2 : RU SN : VA : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: BCC_A2, type code %B, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

36: PHASE BCC_A2 %B 2 1 3 !
37: CONST BCC_A2 : RU SN : VA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

FCC_A1 (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:fcc-a1; status assigned
Structure: Cu · A1 · cF4 · Fm-3m (225); type st:a1-cu-cf4; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: not stable in 2 calculated diagram(s)
Literature: 0 values (0 accepted) from 0 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (3): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:fcc-a1
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:FCC_A1, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:FCC_A1

TDB models of FCC_A1 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

29: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
30: CONST FCC_A1 : RU SN : VA : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: FCC_A1, type code %A, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

31: PHASE FCC_A1 %A 2 1 1 !
32: CONST FCC_A1 : RU SN : VA : !

Example references (2 of 2; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase

HCP_A3 (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:hcp-a3; status assigned
Structure: Mg · A3 · hP2 · P6_3/mmc (194); type st:a3-mg-hp2; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–2635.71 K, x(Sn) 0–0.02449
Literature: 2 values (2 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:hcp-a3
paper: paper:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7:hcp(Ru)
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:HCP_A3, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:HCP_A3

TDB models of HCP_A3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

39: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
40: CONST HCP_A3 : RU% SN : VA : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: HCP_A3, type code %, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

41: PHASE HCP_A3 % 2 1 0.5 !
42: CONST HCP_A3 : RU% SN : VA : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(96)02396-1 L. Perring, P. Feschotte, F. Bussy, J.C. Gachon, The ruthenium-tin system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 245, 157-163 (1996).
cited as the source of values for this phase

LIQUID (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:liquid; status assigned
Structure: liquid; type st:liquid; liquid; confidence high
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 505.08–4000 K, x(Sn) 0–1
Literature: 229 values (229 accepted) from 2 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:liquid
paper: paper:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7:L, paper:10.1361/105497199770340563:Liquid, paper:10.1361/105497199770340563:liquid
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:LIQUID, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:LIQUID

TDB models of LIQUID (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

24: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
25: CONST LIQUID:L : RU SN : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: LIQUID, type code %, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

26: PHASE LIQUID:L % 1 1 !
27: CONST LIQUID:L : RU SN : !

Example references (4 of 4; assessments first):

doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1007/s11663-998-0092-0 Ryo Kawabata, Munetaka Myo-Chin, Masanori Iwase, A thermodynamic study of Ru-Sn binary alloys, Metall Mater Trans B 29, 577-581 (1998).
cited as the source of values for this phase
doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(96)02396-1 L. Perring, P. Feschotte, F. Bussy, J.C. Gachon, The ruthenium-tin system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 245, 157-163 (1996).
cited as the source of values for this phase

RU2SN3 (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:ru2sn3; status assigned
Structure: Ru2Sn3 · tP20 · P-4c2 (116); type st:ru2sn3-tp20; tier C: assessor-stated (Hallstedt 2025 crystallographic table); confidence assessor-stated
Structure source: B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, supplementary crystallographic table (mmc2) doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833
Caveat: not certain from the name or DFT alone (no_on_hull_entry_in_both, no_structure_token); structure as stated in the SGTE crystallographic table for this phase name and system
Stoichiometry: Ru 0.4000, Sn 0.6000
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1535.35 K, x(Sn) 0.6–0.6
Literature: 4 values (4 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (4): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:ru2sn3
paper: paper:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7:Ru2Sn3
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:RU2SN3, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:RU2SN3

TDB models of RU2SN3 (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: RU2SN3, type code %, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

54: PHASE RU2SN3 % 2 2 3 !
55: CONST RU2SN3 : RU : SN : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: RU2SN3, type code %, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

56: PHASE RU2SN3 % 2 2 3 !
57: CONST RU2SN3 : RU : SN : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(96)02396-1 L. Perring, P. Feschotte, F. Bussy, J.C. Gachon, The ruthenium-tin system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 245, 157-163 (1996).
cited as the source of values for this phase

RU3SN7_D8F (Ru–Sn)

Id: phase:ru-sn:ru3sn7-d8f; status assigned
Structure: Ru3Sn7 · D8_f · cI40 · Im-3m (229); type st:d8-f-ru3sn7-ci40; tier A: standard phase name; confidence high
Caveat: DFT agrees: on-hull mp-aaaabhbk and oqmd-647455, space group 229
Stoichiometry: Ru 0.3000, Sn 0.7000
Stability: stable in 2 of 2 calculated diagram(s): 300–1529.95 K, x(Sn) 0.7–0.7
Literature: 6 values (6 accepted) from 1 papers
Interactive: phase registry entry

Names (6): corpus: corpus:phase:ru-sn:ru3sn7-d8f
mp: mp:mp-aaaabhbk
oqmd: oqmd:oqmd-647455
paper: paper:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7:Ru3Sn7
tdb: tdb:RuSn-12Lon.tdb:RU3SN7_D8F, tdb:RuSn-99Cha.tdb:RU3SN7_D8F

TDB models of RU3SN7_D8F (2): PHASE and CONSTITUENT statements as written

RuSn-12Lon.tdb: RU3SN7_D8F, type code %, sha256 912e8bd5d807110a…

59: PHASE RU3SN7_D8F % 2 3 7 !
60: CONST RU3SN7_D8F : RU : SN : !

RuSn-99Cha.tdb: RU3SN7_D8F, type code %, sha256 141c00cda55c6e3e…

61: PHASE RU3SN7_D8F % 2 3 7 !
62: CONST RU3SN7_D8F : RU : SN : !

Example references (3 of 3; assessments first):

doi:10.1007/s11669-012-0002-7 Zhaohui Long, Fucheng Yin, Yajun Liu, Jiang Wang, Huashan Liu, Zhanpeng Jin, Thermodynamic Description of the Ru-(Si,Ge)-Sn Ternary Systems, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 33, 97-105 (2012).
assessment that models this phase; reports values for this phase
doi:10.1361/105497199770340563 J. Charles, J. J. Kuntz, J. C. Gachon, L. Perring, A thermodynamic assessment of the ruthenium-tin (Ru-Sn) system, JPE 20, 573-580 (1999).
assessment that models this phase
doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(96)02396-1 L. Perring, P. Feschotte, F. Bussy, J.C. Gachon, The ruthenium-tin system, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 245, 157-163 (1996).
cited as the source of values for this phase

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735970
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0); the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_phase_registry_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Registry: phase registry of binary systems}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735970},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}