Al–Th system

30 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 2, model 14, unspecified 14); 1 calculated phase diagram(s).

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (11) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	2
model	14
unspecified	14

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	30

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
AlTh-10Li.tdb	Z.S. Li, X.J. Liu, M.Z. Wen, C.P. Wang, A.T. Tang, F.S. Pan, J. Nucl. Mater., 396, 170-75(2010). doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.10.068	`dc195f386a4b467540b8d1c4ea57acc3f1092ef02e4fa8b735f72caf5d12be40`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1666.62	AL2TH_C32 (x(Th) 0.33333) + AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.46197)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1666.62	AL2TH_C32 (x(Th) 0.33333) + AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.46201)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1666.62	AL2TH_C32 (x(Th) 0.33333) + AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.46165)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1664.67	LIQUID (x(Th) 0.86569) + FCC_A1 (x(Th) 0.98584) + BCC_A2 (x(Th) 0.98629)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1589.61	AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.52311)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1589.61	AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.52308)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1589.61	AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.52327)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1571.65	AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.61076) + ALTH2_C16 (x(Th) 0.66667)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1571.64	AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.61135) + ALTH2_C16 (x(Th) 0.66667)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1571.64	AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.61163) + ALTH2_C16 (x(Th) 0.66667)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1568.18	ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.56991) + AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1568.18	ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.57001) + AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1568.18	ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.57002) + AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1510.48	ALTH2_C16 (x(Th) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.81511) + FCC_A1 (x(Th) 0.98181)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1510.48	ALTH2_C16 (x(Th) 0.66667) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.8151) + FCC_A1 (x(Th) 0.9818)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1394.13	LIQUID (x(Th) 0.14446) + AL3TH_D019 (x(Th) 0.25) + AL2TH_C32 (x(Th) 0.33333)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1394.13	LIQUID (x(Th) 0.14449) + AL3TH_D019 (x(Th) 0.25) + AL2TH_C32 (x(Th) 0.33333)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1377.34	AL2TH_C32 (x(Th) 0.33333) + AL3TH2 (x(Th) 0.4) + ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1344.18	ALTH_B33 (x(Th) 0.5) + AL2TH3_D5A (x(Th) 0.6) + ALTH2_C16 (x(Th) 0.66667)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1151.47	LIQUID (x(Th) 0.07653) + AL7TH2 (x(Th) 0.22222) + AL3TH_D019 (x(Th) 0.25)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1151.47	LIQUID (x(Th) 0.07657) + AL7TH2 (x(Th) 0.22222) + AL3TH_D019 (x(Th) 0.25)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	1151.47	LIQUID (x(Th) 0.07652) + AL7TH2 (x(Th) 0.22222) + AL3TH_D019 (x(Th) 0.25)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	901.27	FCC_A1 (x(Th) 0) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.02693) + AL7TH2 (x(Th) 0.22222)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	901.27	FCC_A1 (x(Th) 0) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.02688) + AL7TH2 (x(Th) 0.22222)
AlTh-10Li.tdb	901.27	FCC_A1 (x(Th) 0) + LIQUID (x(Th) 0.02686) + AL7TH2 (x(Th) 0.22222)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Al–Th system (30)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location	Quote
1793.15	congruent melting: L -> ThAl2	L: Al 0.667; ThAl2: Al 0.667	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 28 report
1793.15	congruent melting: L -> ThAl2	L: Al 0.667; ThAl2: Al 0.667	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 27 report
1667.95	peritectic: L + ThAl2 -> Th2Al3	L: Al 0.538; ThAl2: Al 0.667; Th2Al3: Al 0.6	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 2 report
1667.15	peritectic: L + ThAl2 -> Th2Al3	L: Al 0.56; ThAl2: Al 0.667; Th2Al3: Al 0.6	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 1 report
1664.95	peritectic: L + βTh -> αTh	L: Al 0.134; βTh: Al 0.0191; αTh: Al 0.0193	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 4 report
1655.15	peritectic: L + βTh -> αTh	L: Al 0.15; βTh: Al 0.01; αTh: Al 0.01	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 3 report
1591.15	peritectic: Th2Al3 + L -> ThAl	Th2Al3: Al 0.6; L: Al 0.48; ThAl: Al 0.5	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 5 report
1590.45	peritectic: Th2Al3 + L -> ThAl	Th2Al3: Al 0.6; L: Al 0.476; ThAl: Al 0.5	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 6 report
1583.15	congruent melting: L -> Th2Al	L: Al 0.333; Th2Al: Al 0.333	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 24 report
1580.15	congruent melting: L -> Th2Al	L: Al 0.333; Th2Al: Al 0.333	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 23 report
1574.15	congruent melting: L -> Th3Al2	L: Al 0.4; Th3Al2: Al 0.4	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 25 report
1573.15	congruent melting: L -> Th3Al2	L: Al 0.4; Th3Al2: Al 0.4	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 26 report
1572.35	eutectic: L -> Th3Al2 + Th2Al	L: Al 0.388; Th3Al2: Al 0.4; Th2Al: Al 0.333	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 8 report
1569.15	eutectic: L -> Th3Al2 + Th2Al	L: Al 0.35; Th3Al2: Al 0.4; Th2Al: Al 0.333	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 7 report
1568.95	eutectic: L -> ThAl + Th3Al2	L: Al 0.43; ThAl: Al 0.5; Th3Al2: Al 0.4	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 10 report
1563.15	eutectic: L -> ThAl + Th3Al2	L: Al 0.43; ThAl: Al 0.5; Th3Al2: Al 0.4	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 9 report
1516.15	eutectic: L -> Th2Al + αTh	L: Al 0.2; Th2Al: Al 0.333; αTh: Al 0.0085	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 11 report
1509.65	eutectic: L -> Th2Al + αTh	L: Al 0.183; Th2Al: Al 0.333; αTh: Al 0.024	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 12 report
1395.75	peritectic: L + ThAl2 -> ThAl3	L: Al 0.856; ThAl2: Al 0.667; ThAl3: Al 0.75	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 14 report
1393.15	peritectic: L + ThAl2 -> ThAl3	L: Al 0.84; ThAl2: Al 0.667; ThAl3: Al 0.75	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 13 report
1377.25	eutectoid: Th2Al3 -> ThAl2 + ThAl	Th2Al3: Al 0.6; ThAl2: Al 0.667; ThAl: Al 0.5	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 16 report
1373.15	eutectoid		experimental	[1] Li 2010 cites Murray 1958	p. 2 report	Murray [17] reported that the Th3Al2 and Th2Al3 compounds eutectoidally decompose at 1075 °C and 1100 °C, respectively, and the solid solubilities of Al in the aTh and bTh phases are 0.4 at.% at 1000 °C and 0.85 at.% at 1300 °C.
1373.15	eutectoid: Th2Al3 -> ThAl2 + ThAl	Th2Al3: Al 0.6; ThAl2: Al 0.667; ThAl: Al 0.5	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 15 report
1348.15	eutectoid		experimental	[1] Li 2010 cites Murray 1958	p. 2 report	Murray [17] reported that the Th3Al2 and Th2Al3 compounds eutectoidally decompose at 1075 °C and 1100 °C, respectively, and the solid solubilities of Al in the aTh and bTh phases are 0.4 at.% at 1000 °C and 0.85 at.% at 1300 °C.
1348.15	eutectoid: Th3Al2 -> ThAl + Th2Al	Th3Al2: Al 0.4; ThAl: Al 0.5; Th2Al: Al 0.333	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 17 report
1344.05	eutectoid: Th3Al2 -> ThAl + Th2Al	Th3Al2: Al 0.4; ThAl: Al 0.5; Th2Al: Al 0.333	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 18 report
1152.35	peritectic: L + ThAl3 -> Th2Al7	L: Al 0.924; ThAl3: Al 0.75; Th2Al7: Al 0.778	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 20 report
1149.15	peritectic: L + ThAl3 -> Th2Al7	L: Al 0.929; ThAl3: Al 0.75; Th2Al7: Al 0.778	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 19 report
903.15	eutectic: L -> (Al) + Th2Al7	L: Al 0.971; (Al): Al 1; Th2Al7: Al 0.778	unspecified	[1] Li 2010 cites Kassner 1989 doi	Table 4, p. 4, row 21 report
901.55	eutectic: L -> (Al) + Th2Al7	L: Al 0.973; (Al): Al 1; Th2Al7: Al 0.778	model	[1] Li 2010	Table 4, p. 4, row 22 report

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Z.S. Li, X.J. Liu, M.Z. Wen, C.P. Wang, A.T. Tang, F.S. Pan, Thermodynamic assessments of the Al–Th and Th–Zn systems, Journal of Nuclear Materials 396, 170-175 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.10.068

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}