Bi–Sn system

1 accepted literature values from 1 paper(s) (experimental 1); 6 calculated phase diagram(s). 1 further extracted value(s) not accepted by the reader-agreement checks are only in the JSON/CSV.

Data: JSON · CSV · interactive explorer · interactive phase diagram · phases (7) · papers (bibliography) · Markdown

Accepted values by evidence class
Evidence class	Values
experimental	1

Accepted values by property group
Property group	Values
invariant reaction	1

Calculated phase diagrams

Binary phase diagrams calculated with pycalphad 0.11.2 from the SGTE binary collection (Hallstedt 2025, CC BY 4.0). Evidence class: model.

Assessments with a calculated phase diagram
TDB file	Assessment	SHA-256	Links
BiSn-07Viz.tdb	J. Vizdal, M.H. Braga, A. Kroupa, K.W. Richter, D. Soares, L.F. Malheiros, J. Ferreira, Calphad, 31, 438-48(2007). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.05.002	`9e4059d48e86c0058f4611de849479d34698b25e8e52b841973bab5528f55250`	viewer · TDB · JSON
BiSn-08Li.tdb	Z. Li, Z. Cao, S. Knott, A. Mikula, Y. Du, Z. Qiao, Calphad, 32, 152-63(2008). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2007.07.008	`6265b534330c58e5c176f29311cc8a465f4431a00620ff89808b551809612b00`	viewer · TDB · JSON
BiSn-80Che.tdb	P.-Y. Chevalier, unpublished work, 1980.	`a9c046d1a43fa5f25f20abd63f7c9dd002d9ca74c9960bf69aa70223076f2d28`	viewer · TDB · JSON
BiSn-94Kat.tdb	U.R. Kattner, W.J. Boettinger, J. Electron. Mater., 23, 603-10(1994). doi:10.1007/BF02653345	`82389ac2c0ef4c479430b73d163a32ec8a66b6d8ef42308c0f42b1c049039262`	viewer · TDB · JSON
BiSn-94Oht-LB.tdb	H. Ohtani, K. Ishida, J. Electron. Mater., 23, 747-55 (1994). doi:10.1007/BF02651369	`6a2b00e5e43a311020733dbb0162678114ab76e5e1b5394c146ef27ded71f035`	viewer · TDB · JSON
BiSn-96Lee.tdb	B.-J. Lee, C.-S. Oh, J.-H. Shim, J. Electron. Mater., 25, 983-91 (1996). doi:10.1007/BF02666734	`fc1597e2aacca982907a97d39631a1e091a37c07a12c8d0824afdd4f0d728571`	viewer · TDB · JSON

Calculated three-phase invariants (model, mole fraction of the second component)
TDB file	T (K)	Phases at the invariant
BiSn-07Viz.tdb	411.55	RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Sn) 0.03046) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.61131) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 0.93547)
BiSn-08Li.tdb	415.83	RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Sn) 0.03847) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.58415) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 0.83805)
BiSn-80Che.tdb	413.77	RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Sn) 0.06849) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.58277) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 0.87512)
BiSn-94Kat.tdb	411.51	RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Sn) 0.01143) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.57042) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 0.86565)
BiSn-94Oht-LB.tdb	413.84	RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Sn) 0.03756) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.59536) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 0.84264)
BiSn-96Lee.tdb	411.96	RHOMBOHEDRAL_A7 (x(Sn) 0.00199) + LIQUID (x(Sn) 0.57079) + BCT_A5 (x(Sn) 0.86878)

Convex hulls: Materials Project DFT hull · OQMD DFT hull · CALPHAD hull BiSn-07Viz · CALPHAD hull BiSn-80Che · CALPHAD hull BiSn-94Kat · CALPHAD hull BiSn-94Oht-LB · CALPHAD hull BiSn-96Lee

Invariant reactions (literature)

Invariant reactions reported in the literature for the Bi–Sn system (1)
T (K)	Reaction / phases	Compositions (mole fraction)	Class	Source	Location	Quote
411.15	eutectic: L = (Bi) + (Sn)		experimental	[1] Hu 2022	p. 7 report	The matrix comprises two phases, one white Bi-rich phase and another Sn-rich phase with corrosion pits which resulted from the solidification of a liquid phase through a binary eutectic reaction, L = (Bi) + (Sn) at 138 °C.

Sources

Reporting papers the values were read from (a value cited from another work names that work in its row).

Jingxian Hu, Na Su, Xinming Wang, Fucheng Yin, Xuemei Ouyang, Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of the Co–Sn–Bi ternary system, Calphad 77, 102404 (2022). doi:10.1016/j.calphad.2022.102404

Please cite

R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735569
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735859
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD) (version 2026.10), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23735891
R. Arróyave, J. Saal, D. Shin, ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets (version 2026.10; Version 1, machine-extracted), Zenodo (2026). doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736065

Also cite the original source of every value you use (paper_citation / paper_doi, and cited_dois for values the paper cites from earlier work); B. Hallstedt, The SGTE collection of binary datasets, Calphad 89 (2025) 102833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2025.102833 (CC BY 4.0), and the original assessment named in each file; A. Jain et al., The Materials Project: A materials genome approach to accelerating materials innovation, APL Materials 1 (2013) 011002, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4812323 (CC BY 4.0); J. E. Saal et al., JOM 65 (2013) 1501, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0755-4 and S. Kirklin et al., npj Comput. Mater. 1 (2015) 15010, https://doi.org/10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.10 (CC BY 4.0). Version 1, machine-extracted: values were read by language-model readers constrained to quote their source and checked automatically, and the release was then audited on the printed pages by adversarial audits, an independent second review of fit-facing records and a preliminary human review of a frozen sample. Flags such as accepted and ESPEI-ready record screening results, not certification; known issues are listed in the release notes.

@misc{orchid_literature_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Values: thermodynamic and phase-equilibrium values read from the literature}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735569},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}

@misc{orchid_phase_diagrams_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Diagrams: calculated binary phase diagrams}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735859},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735859}
}

@misc{orchid_hulls_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID-Hulls: binary convex hulls (Materials Project, OQMD, assessed CALPHAD)}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23735891},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23735891}
}

@misc{orchid_data_2026,
  author    = {Arr{\'o}yave, Raymundo and Saal, James and Shin, Dongwon},
  title     = {{ORCHID data: umbrella record of the ORCHID datasets}},
  version   = {2026.10},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  year      = {2026},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736065},
  note      = {Version 1, machine-extracted}
}